Protein Kinase A Activation Down-Regulates, Whereas Extracellular
... in the midbrain of rats self-administering methamphetamine in a response-contingent manner (Stefanski et al., 2004). Up-regulation of Sig-1Rs promotes cellular differentiation in PC-12 cells (Takebayashi, 2002) and in oligodendrocytes (Hayashi and Su, 2004), causes the reconstitution of plasma membr ...
... in the midbrain of rats self-administering methamphetamine in a response-contingent manner (Stefanski et al., 2004). Up-regulation of Sig-1Rs promotes cellular differentiation in PC-12 cells (Takebayashi, 2002) and in oligodendrocytes (Hayashi and Su, 2004), causes the reconstitution of plasma membr ...
Membrane receptors in the gastrointestinal tract
... influenced by extracellular calcium; carbachol and gastrin respectively induce persistent and transient increases in free calcium in the cytosol of parietal ceils of rabbit and dog (22). In gastric chief cells isolated from the guinea pig, CCK and carbachol increase free intracellular calcium concen ...
... influenced by extracellular calcium; carbachol and gastrin respectively induce persistent and transient increases in free calcium in the cytosol of parietal ceils of rabbit and dog (22). In gastric chief cells isolated from the guinea pig, CCK and carbachol increase free intracellular calcium concen ...
Review Article Expression and Function of the Endocannabinoid
... AEA and PEA are mainly expressed in the iris [20]. The endocannabinoid levels in the retina are presented in Table 1. The content of eCBs varies in certain disease states, suggesting the importance of eCBs in maintaining ocular homeostasis. For instance, 2-AG levels decrease in the ciliary body of p ...
... AEA and PEA are mainly expressed in the iris [20]. The endocannabinoid levels in the retina are presented in Table 1. The content of eCBs varies in certain disease states, suggesting the importance of eCBs in maintaining ocular homeostasis. For instance, 2-AG levels decrease in the ciliary body of p ...
Central synapse and neuromuscular junction: same players
... composed of the presynaptic motor nerve terminal, the postsynaptic muscle fiber, and the terminal Schwann cell. Another type of synapse is the central synapse, which forms the connections between different neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and is generally regarded as functionally more com ...
... composed of the presynaptic motor nerve terminal, the postsynaptic muscle fiber, and the terminal Schwann cell. Another type of synapse is the central synapse, which forms the connections between different neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) and is generally regarded as functionally more com ...
20150324133963
... there are others called parafollicular cells (or C cells) which produce another important hormone called calcitonin. The thyroid also has four teensy glands called the parathyroid glands, which are embedded in the back of the thyroid and produce the hormone creatively called parathyroid hormone. The ...
... there are others called parafollicular cells (or C cells) which produce another important hormone called calcitonin. The thyroid also has four teensy glands called the parathyroid glands, which are embedded in the back of the thyroid and produce the hormone creatively called parathyroid hormone. The ...
Pascale G. Charest and Michel Bouvier Activation
... BSA, bovine serum albumin; DSP, dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate); This paper is available on line at http://www.jbc.org ...
... BSA, bovine serum albumin; DSP, dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate); This paper is available on line at http://www.jbc.org ...
Introduction:
... that the model will also have 7 transmembrane helices. The above analysis indicated that the olfactory receptor might form an eight-helix bundle after metal binding. Alignment of O2D2 to rhodopsin: The templates used for modeling were 1L9H (bovine rhodopsin) (Okada, et. al., 2002), 1E12 (halorhodops ...
... that the model will also have 7 transmembrane helices. The above analysis indicated that the olfactory receptor might form an eight-helix bundle after metal binding. Alignment of O2D2 to rhodopsin: The templates used for modeling were 1L9H (bovine rhodopsin) (Okada, et. al., 2002), 1E12 (halorhodops ...
Identification of the Sites of Asparagine
... at glycosylation sites. That is, these two sites are critical, but not sufficient, for cell surface expression of TSHR. To distinguish these two possibilities, the TSHR mutants TSHRS79A and TSHRT115A were next constructed in which a Ser/Thr to Ala substitution was introduced at amino acids 79 or 115 ...
... at glycosylation sites. That is, these two sites are critical, but not sufficient, for cell surface expression of TSHR. To distinguish these two possibilities, the TSHR mutants TSHRS79A and TSHRT115A were next constructed in which a Ser/Thr to Ala substitution was introduced at amino acids 79 or 115 ...
as a PDF
... reporter genes were cotransfected into HeLa cells, together with constitutively expressed estrogen receptor (ER) constructs, demonstrate that activation of the transcription of the reporter genes by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and by cholera toxin with 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine, which elevate c ...
... reporter genes were cotransfected into HeLa cells, together with constitutively expressed estrogen receptor (ER) constructs, demonstrate that activation of the transcription of the reporter genes by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and by cholera toxin with 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine, which elevate c ...
The Glutamate Uptake Inhibitor L- Trans
... Sodium-dependent high-affinity uptake of glutamate is thought to play a major role in the maintenance of very low extracellular concentrations of excitatory amino acids (EAA), and may modulate the actions of released transmitter at G-protein-coupled receptors and extrasynaptic receptors that are act ...
... Sodium-dependent high-affinity uptake of glutamate is thought to play a major role in the maintenance of very low extracellular concentrations of excitatory amino acids (EAA), and may modulate the actions of released transmitter at G-protein-coupled receptors and extrasynaptic receptors that are act ...
Lecture 6
... A. Generator potentials analogous to EPSPs (pictured in (a) below) 1. can vary in amplitude (graded) - receptor current 2. generate action potentials at threshold 3. stimulus of sensor generator potential current AP? ...
... A. Generator potentials analogous to EPSPs (pictured in (a) below) 1. can vary in amplitude (graded) - receptor current 2. generate action potentials at threshold 3. stimulus of sensor generator potential current AP? ...
Expression and transcriptional activity of progesterone receptor A
... cells in the presence of RU 38486 [8]. When the estrogen-responsive region of the pS2 gene was used as a reporter in MCF-7 cells, however, PRB and not PRA repressed activation of the reporter by estrogen [10]. The mechanisms by which PRA and PRB exert such apparently different transcriptional activi ...
... cells in the presence of RU 38486 [8]. When the estrogen-responsive region of the pS2 gene was used as a reporter in MCF-7 cells, however, PRB and not PRA repressed activation of the reporter by estrogen [10]. The mechanisms by which PRA and PRB exert such apparently different transcriptional activi ...
Protective effects of sphingosine-1
... Aims Several experimental studies have demonstrated protection against cardiac ischaemia–reperfusion injury achieved by pre-treatment with exogenous sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). We tested the hypothesis that pharmacological S1P receptor agonists improve recovery of function when applied with reper ...
... Aims Several experimental studies have demonstrated protection against cardiac ischaemia–reperfusion injury achieved by pre-treatment with exogenous sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). We tested the hypothesis that pharmacological S1P receptor agonists improve recovery of function when applied with reper ...
Excitable Properties of Olfactory Receptor Neurons
... Ambystoma figrinum, were studied in control animals, and 2 and 4 weeks after olfactory nerve transection. The threshold for impulse generation in response to injected current was extremely low (74 f 46 PA). In addition, the discharge frequencies of the receptor neurons were exquisitely sensitive to ...
... Ambystoma figrinum, were studied in control animals, and 2 and 4 weeks after olfactory nerve transection. The threshold for impulse generation in response to injected current was extremely low (74 f 46 PA). In addition, the discharge frequencies of the receptor neurons were exquisitely sensitive to ...
Fundamentals of Cell Biology
... Serine/threonine kinase receptor activation leads to phosphorylation of a signaling protein. ...
... Serine/threonine kinase receptor activation leads to phosphorylation of a signaling protein. ...
Biology 202 Lecture Notes
... large (or polar) to penetrate cell membrane of target cell. 1. cAMP: G protein is found in cell membrane and is activated when hormone binds to its receptor. This stimulates or inhibits the production of cAMP in target cell which in turn stimulates or inhibits reactions within cell. See figure 15.2 ...
... large (or polar) to penetrate cell membrane of target cell. 1. cAMP: G protein is found in cell membrane and is activated when hormone binds to its receptor. This stimulates or inhibits the production of cAMP in target cell which in turn stimulates or inhibits reactions within cell. See figure 15.2 ...
Signal Transduction by the Receptors for Thrombopoietin (c
... subunits, also in their intracellular domains.’ The family can be divided into groups based on the identity of shared signal transducing subunits. The groups consist of receptors that use (1) gp130 (for the interleukin-6 [IL-6]-type cytokines IL-6, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor [LW], oncostatin ...
... subunits, also in their intracellular domains.’ The family can be divided into groups based on the identity of shared signal transducing subunits. The groups consist of receptors that use (1) gp130 (for the interleukin-6 [IL-6]-type cytokines IL-6, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor [LW], oncostatin ...
Giant Spontaneous Depolarizing Potentials in the Developing
... nucleus. J Neurophysiol 97: 2364 –2372, 2007. First published January 24, 2007; doi:10.1152/jn.00646.2006. The thalamic reticular nucleus (nRt) provides a major source of inhibition in the thalamocortical circuit and is critically involved in the generation of spindle oscillations. Here we describe ...
... nucleus. J Neurophysiol 97: 2364 –2372, 2007. First published January 24, 2007; doi:10.1152/jn.00646.2006. The thalamic reticular nucleus (nRt) provides a major source of inhibition in the thalamocortical circuit and is critically involved in the generation of spindle oscillations. Here we describe ...
COMMUNICATION Two categories of mammalian galactose
... array provides a powerful tool for distinguishing the binding characteristics of superficially similar receptors. While previous studies have provided evidence that the galactosebinding C-type lectins differ in their relative affinities for monosaccharide ligands such as galactose and GalNAc, the fu ...
... array provides a powerful tool for distinguishing the binding characteristics of superficially similar receptors. While previous studies have provided evidence that the galactosebinding C-type lectins differ in their relative affinities for monosaccharide ligands such as galactose and GalNAc, the fu ...
Research in the Rizk Lab Dynamic Control of protein structure and
... each of the hormones are subtle, yet highly structure-specific Fabs can recognize these differences and modulate the specificity of the receptor, increasing the affinity of one hormone relative to another. A structure of the Fab-bound receptor shows an allosteric mechanism that induces a structure m ...
... each of the hormones are subtle, yet highly structure-specific Fabs can recognize these differences and modulate the specificity of the receptor, increasing the affinity of one hormone relative to another. A structure of the Fab-bound receptor shows an allosteric mechanism that induces a structure m ...
Local Accumulation of Acetylcholine Receptors Is
... The development and stabilization of receptor clusterscontinues over a period of days to weeks and is likely to involve multiple mechanismsacting in concert as the cluster matures. It is of crucial importance, therefore, to considerthe time frame of experiments directed at questionsof mechanism.The ...
... The development and stabilization of receptor clusterscontinues over a period of days to weeks and is likely to involve multiple mechanismsacting in concert as the cluster matures. It is of crucial importance, therefore, to considerthe time frame of experiments directed at questionsof mechanism.The ...
Signaling
... e) Janus family of non-receptor TK s also bind some receptors receptors i) growth hormone receptors ii) prola ctin receptors iii) some cytokine receptors ...
... e) Janus family of non-receptor TK s also bind some receptors receptors i) growth hormone receptors ii) prola ctin receptors iii) some cytokine receptors ...
Loss-of-Function Polymorphic Variants of the Human Angiotensin II
... the initiating methionine in the AT1 receptor cDNA), reported minor allele frequencies and had the following sources: documented variants, AT1-S6P [T16C; 0.13 (Rolfs et al., 1994)], AT1-G45R [G133A; 0.05 (Rolfs et al., 1994)], AT1F204S [T611C; 0.025 (Koshy et al., 2002; Anastasio et al., 2003)], and ...
... the initiating methionine in the AT1 receptor cDNA), reported minor allele frequencies and had the following sources: documented variants, AT1-S6P [T16C; 0.13 (Rolfs et al., 1994)], AT1-G45R [G133A; 0.05 (Rolfs et al., 1994)], AT1F204S [T611C; 0.025 (Koshy et al., 2002; Anastasio et al., 2003)], and ...
Chapter 16
... 2. Which type of receptor is found on the membranes of all postganglionic neurons? ______________________________ 3. Which type of receptor is found on the membranes of effector cells that respond to acetylcholine? ______________________________ 4. When acetylcholine binds to nicotinic receptors it ...
... 2. Which type of receptor is found on the membranes of all postganglionic neurons? ______________________________ 3. Which type of receptor is found on the membranes of effector cells that respond to acetylcholine? ______________________________ 4. When acetylcholine binds to nicotinic receptors it ...