Genetic selection and variation
... Variegation is a term that describes a leaf or flower that has two or more colors in a distinct alternating pattern. In some cases, variegation is caused by a mutation in the meristem that results in a chimera. Other sources of variegation include: Pattern variegation Transposons ...
... Variegation is a term that describes a leaf or flower that has two or more colors in a distinct alternating pattern. In some cases, variegation is caused by a mutation in the meristem that results in a chimera. Other sources of variegation include: Pattern variegation Transposons ...
Application of kin theory to long-standing problem in nematode
... competition had the greatest level of reproduction, while all lines of low relatedness (high MOI) evolved decreased reproduction and decreased virulence, which led to extinction. The key finding was that lines in the high relatedness (low MOI) and low (local) competition treatment exhibited the most ...
... competition had the greatest level of reproduction, while all lines of low relatedness (high MOI) evolved decreased reproduction and decreased virulence, which led to extinction. The key finding was that lines in the high relatedness (low MOI) and low (local) competition treatment exhibited the most ...
Lecture 7 Effective population size Linkage disequilibrium basics
... Ne of the African populations is larger DOES NOT mean that there are more individuals DOES mean that African populations have been able to maintain more genetic diversity than other populations • bottleneck effects in other populations, ”Out of Africa” ...
... Ne of the African populations is larger DOES NOT mean that there are more individuals DOES mean that African populations have been able to maintain more genetic diversity than other populations • bottleneck effects in other populations, ”Out of Africa” ...
Lecture 7 Effective population size Linkage disequilibrium basics
... Ne of the African populations is larger DOES NOT mean that there are more individuals DOES mean that African populations have been able to maintain more genetic diversity than other populations • bottleneck effects in other populations, ”Out of Africa” ...
... Ne of the African populations is larger DOES NOT mean that there are more individuals DOES mean that African populations have been able to maintain more genetic diversity than other populations • bottleneck effects in other populations, ”Out of Africa” ...
Immunization Update 2013
... Bobby and Sue are planning their honeymoon to India (staying at higher end hotels in populated cities traveling to popular tourist destinations) and have come to you today to see what vaccines they will need. Both Bobby and Sue are up-to-date with standard recommended vaccines. After entering the tr ...
... Bobby and Sue are planning their honeymoon to India (staying at higher end hotels in populated cities traveling to popular tourist destinations) and have come to you today to see what vaccines they will need. Both Bobby and Sue are up-to-date with standard recommended vaccines. After entering the tr ...
The panda and the phage: compensatory mutations
... large enough, the fixation of new beneficial mutations can balance the loss of fitness caused by fixation of bad alleles. This rescue effect is limited, however, by the apparently low rate at which beneficial mutations appear in most populations6. Two recent papers, from very different perspectives, ...
... large enough, the fixation of new beneficial mutations can balance the loss of fitness caused by fixation of bad alleles. This rescue effect is limited, however, by the apparently low rate at which beneficial mutations appear in most populations6. Two recent papers, from very different perspectives, ...
RESEARCH STATEMENT RICHARD R. LAWLER
... demography, and locomotor behavior. If I had to apply a single name to what I do, I would suggest “population biologist” in that I mostly tend to study a single evolving population rather than engage in comparative/interspecific studies. Broadly, I am interested in the ecological and behavioral proc ...
... demography, and locomotor behavior. If I had to apply a single name to what I do, I would suggest “population biologist” in that I mostly tend to study a single evolving population rather than engage in comparative/interspecific studies. Broadly, I am interested in the ecological and behavioral proc ...
General Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease
... portals of exit, modes of transmission (contact, vehicles, vectors). Exam 2 ...
... portals of exit, modes of transmission (contact, vehicles, vectors). Exam 2 ...
Model of population evolution with and without eugenics
... has no effect on the others. This is not necessarily true in nature, therefore the effect of eugenics in real life could be even more pronounced than in our simple model. One can argue that it is hard to find an example of the environment change which changes drastically the value of an allele, alth ...
... has no effect on the others. This is not necessarily true in nature, therefore the effect of eugenics in real life could be even more pronounced than in our simple model. One can argue that it is hard to find an example of the environment change which changes drastically the value of an allele, alth ...
Introduction to model based methods Some useful links DNA
... With 100 billion bases in GenBank, we are beginning to understand how DNA sequences evolve Different genes have their own mutation dynamics Mitochondrial and nuclear genes differ in mutation dynamics ...
... With 100 billion bases in GenBank, we are beginning to understand how DNA sequences evolve Different genes have their own mutation dynamics Mitochondrial and nuclear genes differ in mutation dynamics ...
ch_13_study guide
... Some naked viruses enter their host’s cells by direct penetration—a process in which a viral capsid attaches and sinks into the cytoplasmic membrane. This creates a pore through which the viral genome alone enters the cell. In enveloped viruses, the entire capsid enters the cell. In some viruses, th ...
... Some naked viruses enter their host’s cells by direct penetration—a process in which a viral capsid attaches and sinks into the cytoplasmic membrane. This creates a pore through which the viral genome alone enters the cell. In enveloped viruses, the entire capsid enters the cell. In some viruses, th ...
Filoviruses: a real pandemic threat?
... The question remains, whether there is a risk that filoviruses could mutate and become efficiently transmitted from personto-person, e.g. by aerosol, and therefore may become a real pandemic threat. It has been postulated that if ever ZEBOV would cause an outbreak of significant size in a densely po ...
... The question remains, whether there is a risk that filoviruses could mutate and become efficiently transmitted from personto-person, e.g. by aerosol, and therefore may become a real pandemic threat. It has been postulated that if ever ZEBOV would cause an outbreak of significant size in a densely po ...
HIV/AIDS - Indiana Osteopathic Association
... ○ Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) hotline: 1-888-448-4911 (24 hours a day) ...
... ○ Post Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP) hotline: 1-888-448-4911 (24 hours a day) ...
Guidelines for Pharmacological Management of Pandemic (H1N1)
... 6.2 Use of antivirals for treatment of uncomplicated pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection in adults and adolescents.............................................................................................................................................. 14 6.3 Use of antivirals for ...
... 6.2 Use of antivirals for treatment of uncomplicated pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus infection in adults and adolescents.............................................................................................................................................. 14 6.3 Use of antivirals for ...
Operational Guidelines for Sentinel Severe Acute Respiratory Infection
... There are three types of influenza viruses that cause disease in humans: A, B, and C. Human influenza A and B viruses cause seasonal epidemics. Influenza B viruses cause sporadic outbreaks with high mortality in older adults. Influenza type C viruses cause a mild respiratory illness and are not thou ...
... There are three types of influenza viruses that cause disease in humans: A, B, and C. Human influenza A and B viruses cause seasonal epidemics. Influenza B viruses cause sporadic outbreaks with high mortality in older adults. Influenza type C viruses cause a mild respiratory illness and are not thou ...
upper respiratory tract infections
... PRACTICE AMONG MALAYSIAN HAJJ PILGRIMS of 2007 A.D (1428 H) ...
... PRACTICE AMONG MALAYSIAN HAJJ PILGRIMS of 2007 A.D (1428 H) ...
EAs
... "Greedy crossover selects the first city of one parent, compares the cities leaving that city in both parents, and chooses the closer one to extend the tour. If one city has already appeared in the tour, we choose the other city. If both cities have already appeared, we randomly select a non-selec ...
... "Greedy crossover selects the first city of one parent, compares the cities leaving that city in both parents, and chooses the closer one to extend the tour. If one city has already appeared in the tour, we choose the other city. If both cities have already appeared, we randomly select a non-selec ...
Treatment - IS MU - Masaryk University
... Many doctors think that they are able to distinguish clinically bacterial tonsillitis against the viral one. The research shows that it is not true in many cases. So, at least CRP examination ought to be done. Another common mistake is use of macrolids (KLACID, SUMAMED, RULID), although the patien ...
... Many doctors think that they are able to distinguish clinically bacterial tonsillitis against the viral one. The research shows that it is not true in many cases. So, at least CRP examination ought to be done. Another common mistake is use of macrolids (KLACID, SUMAMED, RULID), although the patien ...
Rapid Diagnostic Testing (RDT) and Antimicrobial Stewardship
... Antibiotic Prescriptions for Adults With Nonpneumonic Acute Respiratory Tract Infections, by Diagnosis 3 63% of all patients with an ARTI received an antibiotic, ...
... Antibiotic Prescriptions for Adults With Nonpneumonic Acute Respiratory Tract Infections, by Diagnosis 3 63% of all patients with an ARTI received an antibiotic, ...
Assiut university researches Some Molecular Biological Studies on
... characterization was performed by direct sequencing of a 723-bp cDNA corresponding to the VP2variable domain of the polyprotein gene, synthesized by a RT-PCR. - All examined isolates demonstrated close relationship to very virulent strains European and Asian strains of vv IBDVs. Our examined strain ...
... characterization was performed by direct sequencing of a 723-bp cDNA corresponding to the VP2variable domain of the polyprotein gene, synthesized by a RT-PCR. - All examined isolates demonstrated close relationship to very virulent strains European and Asian strains of vv IBDVs. Our examined strain ...
Avian influenza in humans
... symptoms begin,14-15 and up to 20 days after symptoms begin for H7N9 patients,16 however the low number of secondary cases detected indicates that viral shedding is not an accurate reflection of AI infectivity in humans. Based on data on human influenza subtypes: Adults and children older than 12 ...
... symptoms begin,14-15 and up to 20 days after symptoms begin for H7N9 patients,16 however the low number of secondary cases detected indicates that viral shedding is not an accurate reflection of AI infectivity in humans. Based on data on human influenza subtypes: Adults and children older than 12 ...
Detecting the form of selection from DNA sequence data
... Detecting the form of selection from DNA sequence data Clues to our evolutionary history lie hidden within DNA sequence data. One of the great challenges facing population geneticists is to identify and accurately interpret these clues. This task is made especially difficult by the fact that many di ...
... Detecting the form of selection from DNA sequence data Clues to our evolutionary history lie hidden within DNA sequence data. One of the great challenges facing population geneticists is to identify and accurately interpret these clues. This task is made especially difficult by the fact that many di ...
Genetic polymorphism in an evolving population
... is A, it is replaced by a and vice versa. The mutation rate per generation per individual per locus is given by (m g M N) 21 . We have first examined the relation between m and C in the presence of mutation (m g Þ0) and found that the random mutation process does not alter qualitatively the behavior ...
... is A, it is replaced by a and vice versa. The mutation rate per generation per individual per locus is given by (m g M N) 21 . We have first examined the relation between m and C in the presence of mutation (m g Þ0) and found that the random mutation process does not alter qualitatively the behavior ...
Complete sequence and genome properties of Chinese wheat
... well as other positions where the rod-shaped viruses are very similar. The RdRp region is the most highly conserved amongst rod-shaped viruses and therefore the predicted amino acid sequences of this region were aligned and compared using the DISTANCES and GROWTREE programs. The phylogram produced ( ...
... well as other positions where the rod-shaped viruses are very similar. The RdRp region is the most highly conserved amongst rod-shaped viruses and therefore the predicted amino acid sequences of this region were aligned and compared using the DISTANCES and GROWTREE programs. The phylogram produced ( ...
Pandemic Influenza
... influenza viruses A and B (Type C uncommon in people; no epidemics) Occurs worldwide, causing considerable morbidity (illness) and mortality (death) each year Symptoms appear rapidly ...
... influenza viruses A and B (Type C uncommon in people; no epidemics) Occurs worldwide, causing considerable morbidity (illness) and mortality (death) each year Symptoms appear rapidly ...
Viral phylodynamics
Viral phylodynamics is defined as the study of how epidemiological, immunological, and evolutionary processes act and potentially interact to shape viral phylogenies.Since the coining of the term in 2004, research on viral phylodynamics has focused on transmission dynamics in an effort to shed light on how these dynamics impact viral genetic variation. Transmission dynamics can be considered at the level of cells within an infected host, individual hosts within a population, or entire populations of hosts.Many viruses, especially RNA viruses, rapidly accumulate genetic variation because of short generation times and high mutation rates.Patterns of viral genetic variation are therefore heavily influenced by how quickly transmission occurs and by which entities transmit to one another.Patterns of viral genetic variation will also be affected by selection acting on viral phenotypes.Although viruses can differ with respect to many phenotypes, phylodynamic studies have to date tended to focus on a limited number of viral phenotypes.These include virulence phenotypes, phenotypes associated with viral transmissibility, cell or tissue tropism phenotypes, and antigenic phenotypes that can facilitate escape from host immunity.Due to the impact that transmission dynamics and selection can have on viral genetic variation, viral phylogenies can therefore be used to investigate important epidemiological, immunological, and evolutionary processes, such as epidemic spread, spatio-temporal dynamics including metapopulation dynamics, zoonotic transmission, tissue tropism, and antigenic drift.The quantitative investigation of these processes through the consideration of viral phylogenies is the central aim of viral phylodynamics.