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Chapter 19 – Viruses
... Viral Envelopes Animal viruses with an envelope use it to enter its host’s cell. These viruses use their glycoproteins to gain entry (Figure 19.7). When some viruses are ready to exit, they do so by a process similar to exocytosis. RNA viruses make use of the ribosomes in the host cell cytoplasm to ...
... Viral Envelopes Animal viruses with an envelope use it to enter its host’s cell. These viruses use their glycoproteins to gain entry (Figure 19.7). When some viruses are ready to exit, they do so by a process similar to exocytosis. RNA viruses make use of the ribosomes in the host cell cytoplasm to ...
Gastrointestinal infectious virus
... • one of the most common causes of infantile diarrhea worldwide. – High risk people: • children 6 months - 2 years old ...
... • one of the most common causes of infantile diarrhea worldwide. – High risk people: • children 6 months - 2 years old ...
Chapter Outline
... 2. Patterns of Transmission in Communicable Diseases a. Direct Transmission b. Indirect Transmission i. Vehicle ii. Fomite iii Droplet C. Nosocomial Infections: The Hospital as a Source of Disease 1. Universal Blood and Body Fluid Precautions-limits nosocomial infections, protects patients and hospi ...
... 2. Patterns of Transmission in Communicable Diseases a. Direct Transmission b. Indirect Transmission i. Vehicle ii. Fomite iii Droplet C. Nosocomial Infections: The Hospital as a Source of Disease 1. Universal Blood and Body Fluid Precautions-limits nosocomial infections, protects patients and hospi ...
Pathogens – Bacteria & Viruses
... Too small to see with a regular light microscope Must use an electron microscope to be seen. ...
... Too small to see with a regular light microscope Must use an electron microscope to be seen. ...
Chapter 19 – Viruses
... Viral Envelopes Animal viruses with an envelope use it to enter its host’s cell. These viruses use their glycoproteins to gain entry (Figure 19.7). When some viruses are ready to exit, they do so by a process similar to exocytosis. RNA viruses make use of the ribosomes in the host cell cytoplasm to ...
... Viral Envelopes Animal viruses with an envelope use it to enter its host’s cell. These viruses use their glycoproteins to gain entry (Figure 19.7). When some viruses are ready to exit, they do so by a process similar to exocytosis. RNA viruses make use of the ribosomes in the host cell cytoplasm to ...
Theiloviruses | Charles River Research Animal Diagnostic Services
... Clinical Signs and Lesions In most cases, natural infection with theiloviruses is asymptomatic. Some virulent strains of virus can induce a fatal encephalitis after a transitory virema. Rarely, perhaps one in ten thousand, naturally infected mice show demyelinating lesions of the central nervous sys ...
... Clinical Signs and Lesions In most cases, natural infection with theiloviruses is asymptomatic. Some virulent strains of virus can induce a fatal encephalitis after a transitory virema. Rarely, perhaps one in ten thousand, naturally infected mice show demyelinating lesions of the central nervous sys ...
West Nile Encephalitis Fact Sheet
... West Nile virus. In Minnesota, Culex tarsalis, a common mosquito in agricultural regions of western and central Minnesota, is the most important vector in transmitting WNV to humans. ...
... West Nile virus. In Minnesota, Culex tarsalis, a common mosquito in agricultural regions of western and central Minnesota, is the most important vector in transmitting WNV to humans. ...
The Biotechnology Century and Its Workforce
... have the same shape grow by binary fission have the ability to move ...
... have the same shape grow by binary fission have the ability to move ...
6 Viruses and Other Acellular Infectious Agents
... helper viruses for infectivity; the hepatitis D virusoid requires the help of the hepatitis B virus VII. Prions A. Prions are proteinaceous infectious particles (PrP) that are not associated with a nucleic acid genome B. Genes that encode PrP have been identified in normal animal tissue 1. It is hyp ...
... helper viruses for infectivity; the hepatitis D virusoid requires the help of the hepatitis B virus VII. Prions A. Prions are proteinaceous infectious particles (PrP) that are not associated with a nucleic acid genome B. Genes that encode PrP have been identified in normal animal tissue 1. It is hyp ...
Micro-organisms and humans - questions
... 6 Give one example in each case of the usefulness of bacteria in (a) a natural environment, (b) an industrial process. 7 Give three examples of diseases caused by bacteria, 8 Complete the following paragraph. Bacteria which cause diseases are called ….. A ….. The disease symptoms are usually the res ...
... 6 Give one example in each case of the usefulness of bacteria in (a) a natural environment, (b) an industrial process. 7 Give three examples of diseases caused by bacteria, 8 Complete the following paragraph. Bacteria which cause diseases are called ….. A ….. The disease symptoms are usually the res ...
Microbiology 221
... reduce surgical infection Ridiculed and ignored Had an immediate effect upon surgical success. In 1870 Lister's antiseptic methods were used, by Germany, during the Franco-Prussian war saving many Prussian soldier's lives. In Germany, by 1878, Robert Koch was demonstrating the usefulness of st ...
... reduce surgical infection Ridiculed and ignored Had an immediate effect upon surgical success. In 1870 Lister's antiseptic methods were used, by Germany, during the Franco-Prussian war saving many Prussian soldier's lives. In Germany, by 1878, Robert Koch was demonstrating the usefulness of st ...
1. Is a virus ALIVE?
... 2. Penetration — The cell wall is weakened by the viral enzymes, and the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the virus is injected into the host cell. 3. Synthesis — The DNA of the host cell is inactivated, and the viral DNA takes over making viral proteins and viral nucleic acid. 4. Assembly — Viral coa ...
... 2. Penetration — The cell wall is weakened by the viral enzymes, and the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the virus is injected into the host cell. 3. Synthesis — The DNA of the host cell is inactivated, and the viral DNA takes over making viral proteins and viral nucleic acid. 4. Assembly — Viral coa ...
1 Pathogens and the Immune System “The War Begins” The Enemy
... - blood and other bodily fluids - skin to skin contact ...
... - blood and other bodily fluids - skin to skin contact ...
Microorganisms: Viruses
... One by one, have each student come to you, as you drop the pH indictor into their cups. If the fluid turns a pink color, it indicates they were infected by the virus. If it stays clear, they did not come in contact with the virus. g) Extend the activity by having students take on the role of epidemi ...
... One by one, have each student come to you, as you drop the pH indictor into their cups. If the fluid turns a pink color, it indicates they were infected by the virus. If it stays clear, they did not come in contact with the virus. g) Extend the activity by having students take on the role of epidemi ...
Nov10 Lecture 20 Evolution & vaccines
... •This suggest that variants within a donor host that have not evolved changes in their env genes that code for a glycan shield ...
... •This suggest that variants within a donor host that have not evolved changes in their env genes that code for a glycan shield ...
Micro-Ch10-13_B.pdf
... 82) During a viral invasion of an organ most of the infected cells rupture and die as a result of the viruses. Some cells incorporate the virus in their DNA and survive for an extended period of time. What can be said of the virus in these surviving cells? A) it is in the lytic phase B) it is in the ...
... 82) During a viral invasion of an organ most of the infected cells rupture and die as a result of the viruses. Some cells incorporate the virus in their DNA and survive for an extended period of time. What can be said of the virus in these surviving cells? A) it is in the lytic phase B) it is in the ...
Slides - gserianne.com
... • 20 TB (reactivation TB; about 95% of clinical cases) – Characterized by caseating granulomatous inflammation since this occurs in previously sensitized individuals – Fewer granulomas, but they are typically larger – Lesions typically seen in apex of lung – May cavitate into airways and facilitate ...
... • 20 TB (reactivation TB; about 95% of clinical cases) – Characterized by caseating granulomatous inflammation since this occurs in previously sensitized individuals – Fewer granulomas, but they are typically larger – Lesions typically seen in apex of lung – May cavitate into airways and facilitate ...
Topic 10 Viruses
... • Discovered as the causative agent of tobacco mosaic disease – Sap from diseased leaves causes the disease in new plants – Ruled out a toxin, as the causative agent reproduced in the new plants – Could not isolate or culture a bacterium – Concluded that the particle could only reproduce within a ho ...
... • Discovered as the causative agent of tobacco mosaic disease – Sap from diseased leaves causes the disease in new plants – Ruled out a toxin, as the causative agent reproduced in the new plants – Could not isolate or culture a bacterium – Concluded that the particle could only reproduce within a ho ...
Viral Infections of the Skin and Mucus Membranes (2)
... widespread maculopapular rash Over 10 – 14 days, recovery is usually complete as the rash fades ...
... widespread maculopapular rash Over 10 – 14 days, recovery is usually complete as the rash fades ...
Lecture Outline - Biology Junction
... 1. Viruses cause infectious diseases in plants and animals, including humans. 2. Some animal viruses are specific to human cells: papillomavirus, herpes virus, hepatitis virus, and adenoviruses, which can cause specific cancers. 3. Retroviruses include the AIDS viruses (e.g., HIV) and also cause cer ...
... 1. Viruses cause infectious diseases in plants and animals, including humans. 2. Some animal viruses are specific to human cells: papillomavirus, herpes virus, hepatitis virus, and adenoviruses, which can cause specific cancers. 3. Retroviruses include the AIDS viruses (e.g., HIV) and also cause cer ...
Bacteria and Viruses Notes
... their immune system fails which lead to other diseases and that is when the disease can be called ____________. iii. West Nile- Caused by ______________. West Nile Virus is a flavivirus commonly found in Africa, West Asia, and the Middle East. It is closely related to St. Louis encephalitis virus wh ...
... their immune system fails which lead to other diseases and that is when the disease can be called ____________. iii. West Nile- Caused by ______________. West Nile Virus is a flavivirus commonly found in Africa, West Asia, and the Middle East. It is closely related to St. Louis encephalitis virus wh ...
File
... Idiopathic epilepsy-this is high on the list because of age and breed of dog at the onset of seizures. Head Trauma-the recent limping and stiffness raises this possibility Toxins- the list is long, but possibilities include insecticides, chocolate Liver Disease-definitely needs to be ruled out but d ...
... Idiopathic epilepsy-this is high on the list because of age and breed of dog at the onset of seizures. Head Trauma-the recent limping and stiffness raises this possibility Toxins- the list is long, but possibilities include insecticides, chocolate Liver Disease-definitely needs to be ruled out but d ...
Lytic cycle
... Flu viruses can also undergo genetic recombination when 2 subtypes infect a cell -This creates novel combinations of spikes unrecognizable by human antibodies -Antigenic shifts have caused pandemics -Spanish flu of 1918, A(H1N1) -Asian flu of 1957, A(H2N2) -Hong Kong flu of 1968, A(H3N2) ...
... Flu viruses can also undergo genetic recombination when 2 subtypes infect a cell -This creates novel combinations of spikes unrecognizable by human antibodies -Antigenic shifts have caused pandemics -Spanish flu of 1918, A(H1N1) -Asian flu of 1957, A(H2N2) -Hong Kong flu of 1968, A(H3N2) ...
What are Viruses?
... Viruses are non living They have some properties of life but not others They can’t maintain a constant internal state (homeostasis) or reproduce without a host cell. ...
... Viruses are non living They have some properties of life but not others They can’t maintain a constant internal state (homeostasis) or reproduce without a host cell. ...
File
... In the lytic cycle, the viral genes enter the cell and use the host cell to replicate viral genes and to make viral proteins, such as capsids. Complete viruses are formed, and the cell is broken open and destroyed, releasing the viruses. In the lysogenic cycle, the viral genome replicates without de ...
... In the lytic cycle, the viral genes enter the cell and use the host cell to replicate viral genes and to make viral proteins, such as capsids. Complete viruses are formed, and the cell is broken open and destroyed, releasing the viruses. In the lysogenic cycle, the viral genome replicates without de ...
Social history of viruses
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Polio_physical_therapy.jpg?width=300)
The social history of viruses describes the influence of viruses and viral infections on human history. Epidemics caused by viruses began when human behaviour changed during the Neolithic period, around 12,000 years ago, when humans developed more densely populated agricultural communities. This allowed viruses to spread rapidly and subsequently to become endemic. Viruses of plants and livestock also increased, and as humans became dependent on agriculture and farming, diseases such as potyviruses of potatoes and rinderpest of cattle had devastating consequences.Smallpox and measles viruses are among the oldest that infect humans. Having evolved from viruses that infected other animals, they first appeared in humans in Europe and North Africa thousands of years ago. The viruses were later carried to the New World by Europeans during the time of the Spanish Conquests, but the indigenous people had no natural resistance to the viruses and millions of them died during epidemics. Influenza pandemics have been recorded since 1580, and they have occurred with increasing frequency in subsequent centuries. The pandemic of 1918–19, in which 40–50 million died in less than a year, was one of the most devastating in history.Louis Pasteur and Edward Jenner were the first to develop vaccines to protect against viral infections. The nature of viruses remained unknown until the invention of the electron microscope in the 1930s, when the science of virology gained momentum. In the 20th century many diseases both old and new were found to be caused by viruses. There were epidemics of poliomyelitis that were only controlled following the development of a vaccine in the 1950s. HIV is one of the most pathogenic new viruses to have emerged in centuries. Although scientific interest in them arose because of the diseases they cause, most viruses are beneficial. They drive evolution by transferring genes across species, play important roles in ecosystems and are essential to life.