Pathogensis of Bacterial Infection
... Natural history of infectious disease An acute infection generally progresses through four stage 1-The incubation period: time between the acquisition of the organism or the toxin and the commencement of symptoms (this may vary from hours to days to weeks). 2. The prodromal period: non- specific sy ...
... Natural history of infectious disease An acute infection generally progresses through four stage 1-The incubation period: time between the acquisition of the organism or the toxin and the commencement of symptoms (this may vary from hours to days to weeks). 2. The prodromal period: non- specific sy ...
Lecture 1: Infectious Diseases i th 21st C t in the 21st Century
... Infectious disease ● Infectious disease has had a huge effect on the human race ● History has been shaped by a plethora of epidemics and pandemics ●U Until til we started t t d tto understand d t d the th causes off disease, we were unable to fight it... ...
... Infectious disease ● Infectious disease has had a huge effect on the human race ● History has been shaped by a plethora of epidemics and pandemics ●U Until til we started t t d tto understand d t d the th causes off disease, we were unable to fight it... ...
File - Biology with Radjewski
... ________________________ usually infect animals ________________ in nature but can jump to humans when contact occurs in the environment. _________________ – animals in tropical forests of central Africa __________ – civet cats Vaccines are ________________ to develop for these infectious diseases ...
... ________________________ usually infect animals ________________ in nature but can jump to humans when contact occurs in the environment. _________________ – animals in tropical forests of central Africa __________ – civet cats Vaccines are ________________ to develop for these infectious diseases ...
Infectivity of blood Adham
... In fact, for many years, blood banks use one or two tests (i.e., syphilis and hepatitis B surface antigen) to screen blood. In recent years, many more tests have been added. Overall, blood is probably safer than it has been for years. ...
... In fact, for many years, blood banks use one or two tests (i.e., syphilis and hepatitis B surface antigen) to screen blood. In recent years, many more tests have been added. Overall, blood is probably safer than it has been for years. ...
White Paper # 206
... to their appearance. It’s a reasonable term to apply to these rogue programs. They enter a system unseen, often incubate in silence, and eventually come to life with results that range from merely annoying to disastrous. Electrical disturbances are quite similar. In fact they could reasonably be cal ...
... to their appearance. It’s a reasonable term to apply to these rogue programs. They enter a system unseen, often incubate in silence, and eventually come to life with results that range from merely annoying to disastrous. Electrical disturbances are quite similar. In fact they could reasonably be cal ...
Viruses HIV
... Think about it… • In the US, there is better than a 1/1000 chance of contracting HIV during unprotected sex • A person can be contagious for more than 10 years before any sign of the disease is apparent • HIV becomes AIDS when the number of immune cells drops below a predetermined number • No one d ...
... Think about it… • In the US, there is better than a 1/1000 chance of contracting HIV during unprotected sex • A person can be contagious for more than 10 years before any sign of the disease is apparent • HIV becomes AIDS when the number of immune cells drops below a predetermined number • No one d ...
Micro 280 Introduction
... prevent surgical wound infections after looking at Pasteur’s work showing microbes are in the air, can spoil food, and cause animal diseases. • 1876: Robert Koch provided proof that a bacterium causes anthrax and provided the experimental steps, Koch’s postulates, used to prove that a specific micro ...
... prevent surgical wound infections after looking at Pasteur’s work showing microbes are in the air, can spoil food, and cause animal diseases. • 1876: Robert Koch provided proof that a bacterium causes anthrax and provided the experimental steps, Koch’s postulates, used to prove that a specific micro ...
18.1 Studying Viruses and Prokaryotes
... lysogenic cycle, in which the host cell is not destroyed. ...
... lysogenic cycle, in which the host cell is not destroyed. ...
Organ System Power Point
... In almost all cases, those infected with H5N1 had extensive physical contact with infected birds. Still, around 60% of humans known to have been infected with the current Asian strain of HPAI A(H5N1) have died from it ...
... In almost all cases, those infected with H5N1 had extensive physical contact with infected birds. Still, around 60% of humans known to have been infected with the current Asian strain of HPAI A(H5N1) have died from it ...
Urogenital diseases usually not sexually transmitted
... Influenza virus • Orthomyxoviruses • Repeated epidemics and endemics • One of the greatest killers of all time was the pandemic of swine flu also known as Spanish flu ( 1918-1919) when 20-40 million people died • Caused by the unsanitary conditions by world war I ...
... Influenza virus • Orthomyxoviruses • Repeated epidemics and endemics • One of the greatest killers of all time was the pandemic of swine flu also known as Spanish flu ( 1918-1919) when 20-40 million people died • Caused by the unsanitary conditions by world war I ...
Bats, Rats, Monkeys... Oh My! - Global Health Mini
... • Often use “vertical” programs focused on specific infectious diseases that commonly affect humans • Weak linkages with wildlife and domestic animal health • Emerging infectious diseases in animal populations often not detected until there is an unusual cluster of human cases • Limited ability to a ...
... • Often use “vertical” programs focused on specific infectious diseases that commonly affect humans • Weak linkages with wildlife and domestic animal health • Emerging infectious diseases in animal populations often not detected until there is an unusual cluster of human cases • Limited ability to a ...
Foundations in Microbiology
... – cell (tissue) cultures – cultured cells grow in sheets that support viral replication and permit observation for cytopathic effect – bird embryos – incubating egg is an ideal system; virus is injected through the shell – live animal inoculation – occasionally used when necessary ...
... – cell (tissue) cultures – cultured cells grow in sheets that support viral replication and permit observation for cytopathic effect – bird embryos – incubating egg is an ideal system; virus is injected through the shell – live animal inoculation – occasionally used when necessary ...
Virus Notes
... infectious particles, no n.a. Against dogma of molecular biology Scrapie (sheep), kuru (Papau New Guinea), bovine spongiform encephalitis (Mad Cow Disease), and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. ...
... infectious particles, no n.a. Against dogma of molecular biology Scrapie (sheep), kuru (Papau New Guinea), bovine spongiform encephalitis (Mad Cow Disease), and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. ...
Foundations in Microbiology
... – cell (tissue) cultures – cultured cells grow in sheets that support viral replication and permit observation for cytopathic effect – bird embryos – incubating egg is an ideal system; virus is injected through the shell – live animal inoculation – occasionally used when necessary ...
... – cell (tissue) cultures – cultured cells grow in sheets that support viral replication and permit observation for cytopathic effect – bird embryos – incubating egg is an ideal system; virus is injected through the shell – live animal inoculation – occasionally used when necessary ...
Text S3: Probability of extinction Our results show that long
... together we conclude that any symptomatic influenza cases in patients on long-term prophylaxis are likely resistant cases, either through direct transmission or de novo mutation. Increased dosing in these patients may more rapidly eliminate the circulating sensitive virus, but would be ineffective a ...
... together we conclude that any symptomatic influenza cases in patients on long-term prophylaxis are likely resistant cases, either through direct transmission or de novo mutation. Increased dosing in these patients may more rapidly eliminate the circulating sensitive virus, but would be ineffective a ...
Pathogen Wanted Poster Research Project Bacterial Pathogens
... organism attacks its victim and spreads. Reader can somewhat understand the possible injuries. Details are ...
... organism attacks its victim and spreads. Reader can somewhat understand the possible injuries. Details are ...
Reading Guide for Week 5
... put those macromolecules together to make cellular structures (for example: protein + phospholipids = cell membrane). We’ll also learn about another type of microbe, the virus, and look at how it replicates itself by taking over these macromolecular-generating processes inside our own eukaryotic cel ...
... put those macromolecules together to make cellular structures (for example: protein + phospholipids = cell membrane). We’ll also learn about another type of microbe, the virus, and look at how it replicates itself by taking over these macromolecular-generating processes inside our own eukaryotic cel ...
Respiratory syndrom
... Theories Behind Antigenic Shift 1. Reassortment - Reassortment of the H and N genes between human and avian influenza viruses through a third host. There is good evidence that this occurred in the 1957 H2N2 and the 1968 H3N2 pandemics. The 2009 pandemic virus was thought to be novel virus that was ...
... Theories Behind Antigenic Shift 1. Reassortment - Reassortment of the H and N genes between human and avian influenza viruses through a third host. There is good evidence that this occurred in the 1957 H2N2 and the 1968 H3N2 pandemics. The 2009 pandemic virus was thought to be novel virus that was ...
Polio in the Holy Land by Dr. David L. (“Woody”) Woodland (as
... virus transmission. While this live virus vaccine is the primary tool for polio eradication, on rare occasions it can revert to a virulent form, causing paralysis and other severe side effects. The killed vaccine is much less potent and less effective, but is far safer since it is not associated wit ...
... virus transmission. While this live virus vaccine is the primary tool for polio eradication, on rare occasions it can revert to a virulent form, causing paralysis and other severe side effects. The killed vaccine is much less potent and less effective, but is far safer since it is not associated wit ...
Viruses
... – Proteinaceous infectious particle infectious agents composed of a single glycoprotein with MW 27– Human diseases: e.g., Kuru 30 kDa. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Syndrome (GSS) Fatal Familial Insomnia (FFI) ...
... – Proteinaceous infectious particle infectious agents composed of a single glycoprotein with MW 27– Human diseases: e.g., Kuru 30 kDa. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Syndrome (GSS) Fatal Familial Insomnia (FFI) ...
Chapter 1: Microbiology
... • Pasteur developed a successful rabies vaccine • Koch isolated the tubercle bacillus and determined that water is the key to tuberculosis transmission • Pasteur, Koch, and their colleagues put bacteriology on the map Other Global Pioneers Contribute to New Disciplines in Microbiology • Early observ ...
... • Pasteur developed a successful rabies vaccine • Koch isolated the tubercle bacillus and determined that water is the key to tuberculosis transmission • Pasteur, Koch, and their colleagues put bacteriology on the map Other Global Pioneers Contribute to New Disciplines in Microbiology • Early observ ...
Virus Structure Lecture PowerPoint
... • The SPO Virtual Classrooms offer many educational resources, including practice test questions, review questions, lecture PowerPoints, video tutorials, sample assignments and course syllabi. New materials are continually being developed, so check back frequently, or follow us on Facebook (Science ...
... • The SPO Virtual Classrooms offer many educational resources, including practice test questions, review questions, lecture PowerPoints, video tutorials, sample assignments and course syllabi. New materials are continually being developed, so check back frequently, or follow us on Facebook (Science ...
Final Exam Study Guide
... 1. What are unique properties of the immune system? What are primary lymphoid organs and secondary lymphoid organs? 2. Understand MHC Class I and MHC Class II markers. How are they synthesized? Where are they found? 3. Know which cell make antibodies and how they are activated to make them. Know wha ...
... 1. What are unique properties of the immune system? What are primary lymphoid organs and secondary lymphoid organs? 2. Understand MHC Class I and MHC Class II markers. How are they synthesized? Where are they found? 3. Know which cell make antibodies and how they are activated to make them. Know wha ...
Lymphocytes - University of Arizona | Ecology and Evolutionary
... Discoveries of Koch and others stimulated the extension of Jenner’s strategy of vaccination In the 1880s, Louis Pasteur devised a vaccine against cholera in chickens and developed a rabies vaccine that proved a spectacular success upon its first use in a boy bitten by a rabid dog These practical tri ...
... Discoveries of Koch and others stimulated the extension of Jenner’s strategy of vaccination In the 1880s, Louis Pasteur devised a vaccine against cholera in chickens and developed a rabies vaccine that proved a spectacular success upon its first use in a boy bitten by a rabid dog These practical tri ...
Social history of viruses
The social history of viruses describes the influence of viruses and viral infections on human history. Epidemics caused by viruses began when human behaviour changed during the Neolithic period, around 12,000 years ago, when humans developed more densely populated agricultural communities. This allowed viruses to spread rapidly and subsequently to become endemic. Viruses of plants and livestock also increased, and as humans became dependent on agriculture and farming, diseases such as potyviruses of potatoes and rinderpest of cattle had devastating consequences.Smallpox and measles viruses are among the oldest that infect humans. Having evolved from viruses that infected other animals, they first appeared in humans in Europe and North Africa thousands of years ago. The viruses were later carried to the New World by Europeans during the time of the Spanish Conquests, but the indigenous people had no natural resistance to the viruses and millions of them died during epidemics. Influenza pandemics have been recorded since 1580, and they have occurred with increasing frequency in subsequent centuries. The pandemic of 1918–19, in which 40–50 million died in less than a year, was one of the most devastating in history.Louis Pasteur and Edward Jenner were the first to develop vaccines to protect against viral infections. The nature of viruses remained unknown until the invention of the electron microscope in the 1930s, when the science of virology gained momentum. In the 20th century many diseases both old and new were found to be caused by viruses. There were epidemics of poliomyelitis that were only controlled following the development of a vaccine in the 1950s. HIV is one of the most pathogenic new viruses to have emerged in centuries. Although scientific interest in them arose because of the diseases they cause, most viruses are beneficial. They drive evolution by transferring genes across species, play important roles in ecosystems and are essential to life.