I. BF Skinner
... a behavior. A baseball player who felt he had to wear his cap a certain way in order to hit the ball or having a certain routine that seems to be “lucky” would be called by Skinner as, superstitious behavior. A single reinforcer of this kind may be powerful enough for a person or an animal to repeat ...
... a behavior. A baseball player who felt he had to wear his cap a certain way in order to hit the ball or having a certain routine that seems to be “lucky” would be called by Skinner as, superstitious behavior. A single reinforcer of this kind may be powerful enough for a person or an animal to repeat ...
Second-order conditioning
... satisfaction to the animal will, other things being equal, be more firmly connected with the situation, so that, when it recurs, they will be more likely to recur; those which are accompanied or closely followed by discomfort to the animal will, other things being equal, have their connections to th ...
... satisfaction to the animal will, other things being equal, be more firmly connected with the situation, so that, when it recurs, they will be more likely to recur; those which are accompanied or closely followed by discomfort to the animal will, other things being equal, have their connections to th ...
Operant Conditioning
... A stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforce Also known as a secondary reinforcer ...
... A stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforce Also known as a secondary reinforcer ...
Unit 6 Learning - Helena High School
... Learning from associations Behaviorism= the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2). ...
... Learning from associations Behaviorism= the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2). ...
Skinner - Operant Conditioning
... This is known as negative reinforcement because it is the removal of an adverse stimulus which is ‘rewarding’ to the animal or person. Negative reinforcement strengthens behavior because it stops or removes an unpleasant experience. For example, if you do not complete your homework, you give your te ...
... This is known as negative reinforcement because it is the removal of an adverse stimulus which is ‘rewarding’ to the animal or person. Negative reinforcement strengthens behavior because it stops or removes an unpleasant experience. For example, if you do not complete your homework, you give your te ...
Learning Process PPT
... conditioning, an otherwise ineffective stimulus that, when paired with an unconditioned stimulus, is able to evoke a conditioned response Unconditioned Stimulus that evokes a reflexive response without prior conditioning or learning Conditioned Response (conditioned reflex) is a response to a ne ...
... conditioning, an otherwise ineffective stimulus that, when paired with an unconditioned stimulus, is able to evoke a conditioned response Unconditioned Stimulus that evokes a reflexive response without prior conditioning or learning Conditioned Response (conditioned reflex) is a response to a ne ...
PSYCHOLOGY Unit 3: Learning“Operant Conditioning”
... does not actually offer any information about more appropriate or desired behaviors. While subjects might be learning to not perform certain actions, they are not really learning anything about what they should be doing. Another thing to consider about punishment is that it can have unintended and u ...
... does not actually offer any information about more appropriate or desired behaviors. While subjects might be learning to not perform certain actions, they are not really learning anything about what they should be doing. Another thing to consider about punishment is that it can have unintended and u ...
Conditioning Review
... • Generalization- the tendency, once a response has been conditioned. For stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit a similar response • Discrimination- the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned response ...
... • Generalization- the tendency, once a response has been conditioned. For stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit a similar response • Discrimination- the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned response ...
Learning - Gordon State College
... Punishment: The process by which a consequence decreases the probability of the behavior that it follows. ...
... Punishment: The process by which a consequence decreases the probability of the behavior that it follows. ...
Learning
... – Successive approximations small steps in behavior, one after the other, that lead to a particular goal behavior. ...
... – Successive approximations small steps in behavior, one after the other, that lead to a particular goal behavior. ...
Operant Conditioning - PV
... Operant Conditioning • A type of learning in which behavior occurs more frequently if followed by reinforcement or occurs less frequently if followed by punishment. ...
... Operant Conditioning • A type of learning in which behavior occurs more frequently if followed by reinforcement or occurs less frequently if followed by punishment. ...
Operant Conditioning
... • The three-term model of operant conditioning (S-> R -->S) incorporates the concept that responses cannot occur without an environmental event (e.g., an antecedent stimulus) preceding it. • While the antecedent stimulus in operant conditioning does not ELICIT or CAUSE the response (as it does in cl ...
... • The three-term model of operant conditioning (S-> R -->S) incorporates the concept that responses cannot occur without an environmental event (e.g., an antecedent stimulus) preceding it. • While the antecedent stimulus in operant conditioning does not ELICIT or CAUSE the response (as it does in cl ...
PDF
... or states of the world, by using a reward prediction error signal provided by dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area. The dorsal striatum (the ‘Actor’), in turn, learns the values of different actions in these states, based on a similar dopaminergic prediction error signal originating in ...
... or states of the world, by using a reward prediction error signal provided by dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area. The dorsal striatum (the ‘Actor’), in turn, learns the values of different actions in these states, based on a similar dopaminergic prediction error signal originating in ...
Operant Conditioning, 1
... Operant Conditioning § Operant Conditioning § form of learning in which responses come to be controlled by their consequences ...
... Operant Conditioning § Operant Conditioning § form of learning in which responses come to be controlled by their consequences ...
File
... by a snake. He/she is sweating, shaking, etc. as the story is being told. You now are afraid of snakes. – You see your sister get struck by lightning. You now have a fear of thunder storms. ...
... by a snake. He/she is sweating, shaking, etc. as the story is being told. You now are afraid of snakes. – You see your sister get struck by lightning. You now have a fear of thunder storms. ...
What is behavior modification?
... • antecedents and consequences are needed in the case of promoting behavior). Third, it must be determined • whether the target behavior is of priority to justify intervention. For example, while pencil tapping may be an • annoying behavior, it probably does not warrant implementation of a token eco ...
... • antecedents and consequences are needed in the case of promoting behavior). Third, it must be determined • whether the target behavior is of priority to justify intervention. For example, while pencil tapping may be an • annoying behavior, it probably does not warrant implementation of a token eco ...
Empirical Background for Skinner`s Basic Arguments Regarding
... • Magazine training (lever present but fixed so it couldn’t move) • Lever was released and each press produced a food pellet (no shaping) • All 4 rats learned to press the lever ...
... • Magazine training (lever present but fixed so it couldn’t move) • Lever was released and each press produced a food pellet (no shaping) • All 4 rats learned to press the lever ...
Edward L. Thorndike
... • Operant conditioning investigates the influence of consequences on subsequent behavior. • Classical conditioning looks at conditioned involuntary responses such as eyeblinks or salivation, whereas Operant conditioning investigates the learning of voluntary responses such as pecking at a target or ...
... • Operant conditioning investigates the influence of consequences on subsequent behavior. • Classical conditioning looks at conditioned involuntary responses such as eyeblinks or salivation, whereas Operant conditioning investigates the learning of voluntary responses such as pecking at a target or ...
Conditioning
... persons psychological and physiological response to what is actually a fake treatment or drug (aka placebo effect). ...
... persons psychological and physiological response to what is actually a fake treatment or drug (aka placebo effect). ...
Guided Notes – Learning – Operant Conditioning
... o The “Behaviorist’s Behaviorist” o Developed the fundamental principles & techniques of operant conditioning Voluntary behavior is what people & animals do to ___________________________ in the world o Coined the term “operant” Designed the ____________________________________________, or operant ...
... o The “Behaviorist’s Behaviorist” o Developed the fundamental principles & techniques of operant conditioning Voluntary behavior is what people & animals do to ___________________________ in the world o Coined the term “operant” Designed the ____________________________________________, or operant ...
p.218-220 - Amazon Web Services
... Other evidence also suggests that both operant and respondent conditioning is involved in autoshaping. For example, Bullock and Myers (2009) recently showed that autoshaped responding of the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) is sensitive to both negative (omission) and positive (response-depen ...
... Other evidence also suggests that both operant and respondent conditioning is involved in autoshaping. For example, Bullock and Myers (2009) recently showed that autoshaped responding of the cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis) is sensitive to both negative (omission) and positive (response-depen ...
Learning - Gordon State College
... Punishment: The process by which a consequence decreases the probability of the behavior that it follows. ...
... Punishment: The process by which a consequence decreases the probability of the behavior that it follows. ...
File - Coach Wilkinson`s AP Euro Site
... does not actually offer any information about more appropriate or desired behaviors. While subjects might be learning to not perform certain actions, they are not really learning anything about what they should be doing. Another thing to consider about punishment is that it can have unintended and u ...
... does not actually offer any information about more appropriate or desired behaviors. While subjects might be learning to not perform certain actions, they are not really learning anything about what they should be doing. Another thing to consider about punishment is that it can have unintended and u ...
Figure 6.8 FIGURE 6.8
... (Instrumental Learning) • Definition: Learning based on the consequences of responding; we associate responses with their consequences • Law of Effect (Thorndike): The probability of a response is altered by the effect it has; responses that lead to desired effects are repeated; those that lead to u ...
... (Instrumental Learning) • Definition: Learning based on the consequences of responding; we associate responses with their consequences • Law of Effect (Thorndike): The probability of a response is altered by the effect it has; responses that lead to desired effects are repeated; those that lead to u ...