Impurity Injection Experiments on the Alcator C-Mod Tokamak
... atomic physics rate coefficients for molybdenum as a result of this thesis. Agreement between modelled and observed spatial profiles of high charge states of molybdenum is now good. This modelling has been used to infer intrinsic molybdenum concentrations in the plasma during a variety of operating ...
... atomic physics rate coefficients for molybdenum as a result of this thesis. Agreement between modelled and observed spatial profiles of high charge states of molybdenum is now good. This modelling has been used to infer intrinsic molybdenum concentrations in the plasma during a variety of operating ...
Gombosi2014 - Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics
... The atmospheres of comets, commonly referred to as comas, are different in a number of important ways from planetary atmospheres. The most important distinguishing characteristics of comas are (1) the lack of any significant gravitational force, (2) relatively fast radial outflow velocities, and (3) ...
... The atmospheres of comets, commonly referred to as comas, are different in a number of important ways from planetary atmospheres. The most important distinguishing characteristics of comas are (1) the lack of any significant gravitational force, (2) relatively fast radial outflow velocities, and (3) ...
Edge Convection Driven by Externally-Applied Potentials
... turbulence. To circumvent this issue, in the present paper we employ a reduced-model edge turbulence code to simulate both the statistical properties and more deterministic propagation aspects of blob motion. Our goal is a more direct and quantitative comparison of experimental data with theory (i.e ...
... turbulence. To circumvent this issue, in the present paper we employ a reduced-model edge turbulence code to simulate both the statistical properties and more deterministic propagation aspects of blob motion. Our goal is a more direct and quantitative comparison of experimental data with theory (i.e ...
Plasma Physics - Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
... Liquid and even solid-state systems can occasionally display the collective electromagnetic effects that characterize plasma: e.g., liquid mercury exhibits many dynamical modes, such as Alfvén waves, which occur in conventional plasmas. ...
... Liquid and even solid-state systems can occasionally display the collective electromagnetic effects that characterize plasma: e.g., liquid mercury exhibits many dynamical modes, such as Alfvén waves, which occur in conventional plasmas. ...
Examination of plasma current spikes and general analysis of H
... coupled to the plasma. It seems that the sawtooth instability is a trigger for the L-H transition in this shot. This is interesting as it would mean that instabilities in the core of the plasma cause changes in the edge of the plasma. When COMPASS was still in Culham, it was known to generate type-1 ...
... coupled to the plasma. It seems that the sawtooth instability is a trigger for the L-H transition in this shot. This is interesting as it would mean that instabilities in the core of the plasma cause changes in the edge of the plasma. When COMPASS was still in Culham, it was known to generate type-1 ...
No Slide Title
... Neutrinos interact with the matter in the Sun and “oscillate” into one of the other neutrino “flavours” – Neutrino matter oscillations – electron neutrinos get converted to muon or tau neutrinos and these could not be detected by the early neutrino detectors! ...
... Neutrinos interact with the matter in the Sun and “oscillate” into one of the other neutrino “flavours” – Neutrino matter oscillations – electron neutrinos get converted to muon or tau neutrinos and these could not be detected by the early neutrino detectors! ...
Aalborg Universitet Heiselberg, Per Kvols
... 2.2 Model description A typical hospital ward (2.3m×2.25m×2.3m) with mixing ventilation was selected to conduct this study, as shown in Fig.1. The inlet and the return outlet were both located in ceiling level with dimension of 0.3m × 0.3m each. The negative ionizer was installed inside the duct sys ...
... 2.2 Model description A typical hospital ward (2.3m×2.25m×2.3m) with mixing ventilation was selected to conduct this study, as shown in Fig.1. The inlet and the return outlet were both located in ceiling level with dimension of 0.3m × 0.3m each. The negative ionizer was installed inside the duct sys ...
Current Systems in Planetary Magnetospheres and Ionospheres
... plasma looks electrically neutral to the outside. However this fourth state of matter behaves quite differently from a neutral gas. In the presence of electric and magnetic fields, like there always are in planetary environments, and of additional forces acting differentially on positive and negativ ...
... plasma looks electrically neutral to the outside. However this fourth state of matter behaves quite differently from a neutral gas. In the presence of electric and magnetic fields, like there always are in planetary environments, and of additional forces acting differentially on positive and negativ ...
bob_neutrino_EPS04
... problem. Neutrino interactions with matter are usually considered as non self-consistent single particle processes. We describe neutrino streaming instabilities within supernovæ plasmas, resulting in longitudinal and transverse waves using coupled kinetic equations for both neutrinos and plasma part ...
... problem. Neutrino interactions with matter are usually considered as non self-consistent single particle processes. We describe neutrino streaming instabilities within supernovæ plasmas, resulting in longitudinal and transverse waves using coupled kinetic equations for both neutrinos and plasma part ...
Is the 3-D magnetic null point with a convective electric field an
... “hyper-resistivity”, which stabilizes the MHD code. Also, the parallel electric fields obtained from kinetic processes are in general confined to regions on the ion inertia scale (Hesse et al. 1999), much smaller than the macroscopic MHD grid scales, which can therefore affect and accelerate only a f ...
... “hyper-resistivity”, which stabilizes the MHD code. Also, the parallel electric fields obtained from kinetic processes are in general confined to regions on the ion inertia scale (Hesse et al. 1999), much smaller than the macroscopic MHD grid scales, which can therefore affect and accelerate only a f ...
physics of negative ion extraction and acceleration in neutral beam
... the progresses obtained in the latest years, leading to the ITER project. A second part will be devoted to present the essentials of an NBI, anticipating the topics which will be treated more in details in further chapters. The final part contains the description of the two experiments SPIDER and MI ...
... the progresses obtained in the latest years, leading to the ITER project. A second part will be devoted to present the essentials of an NBI, anticipating the topics which will be treated more in details in further chapters. The final part contains the description of the two experiments SPIDER and MI ...
1 On the electron to neutral number density ratio in the coma of
... density ratio, ne/nN, in the cometary coma of 67P and how it varies with cometocentric and heliocentric distance. We shall assume that photoionization is the principal source of ion-electron pair formation in the coma of 67P. In optically thin media, such as in the comae of weakly outgassing comets, ...
... density ratio, ne/nN, in the cometary coma of 67P and how it varies with cometocentric and heliocentric distance. We shall assume that photoionization is the principal source of ion-electron pair formation in the coma of 67P. In optically thin media, such as in the comae of weakly outgassing comets, ...
Demonstration of Laser-Induced Fluorescence on a Krypton Hall
... intrinsic nuclear spin Ih/2π, where I is integral or halfintegral depending on if the atomic mass is even or odd, respectively12 and boldface is used to denote vector quantities. For nuclei with non–zero nuclear spin (angular momentum, J), the interaction of the nucleus with the bound electrons lead ...
... intrinsic nuclear spin Ih/2π, where I is integral or halfintegral depending on if the atomic mass is even or odd, respectively12 and boldface is used to denote vector quantities. For nuclei with non–zero nuclear spin (angular momentum, J), the interaction of the nucleus with the bound electrons lead ...
Development and applications of compact high
... highly nonlinear interactions with bound electrons. For 1 pm light, the field is high enough, in fact, to cause plasma electrons to oscillate at relativistic velocities, and thus exhibit highly nonlinear motion due to the magnetic component of the Lorentz force. For the first time, this allows the s ...
... highly nonlinear interactions with bound electrons. For 1 pm light, the field is high enough, in fact, to cause plasma electrons to oscillate at relativistic velocities, and thus exhibit highly nonlinear motion due to the magnetic component of the Lorentz force. For the first time, this allows the s ...
On the electron-ion temperature ratio established by - Hal-CEA
... important for SNRs, but appears also to affect low Mach number shocks in the solar system (e.g. Schwartz et al. 1988), clusters of galaxies (Russell et al. 2012), and may affect the observability of the yet to be detected warm hot intergalactic medium (WHIM, Bykov et al. 2008), in which a fraction o ...
... important for SNRs, but appears also to affect low Mach number shocks in the solar system (e.g. Schwartz et al. 1988), clusters of galaxies (Russell et al. 2012), and may affect the observability of the yet to be detected warm hot intergalactic medium (WHIM, Bykov et al. 2008), in which a fraction o ...
Relaxation of Blazar Induced Pair Beams in Cosmic Voids
... and their temperature. The number density of free electrons can be expressed as nv ≃ 2 × 10−7 (1 + δ)(1 + z)3 cm−3 . The typical overdensity δ is taken to be the value at which the cumulative distribution of the IGM gas is 0.5. Using the simulations results presented in Sec. 4.2, and in particular t ...
... and their temperature. The number density of free electrons can be expressed as nv ≃ 2 × 10−7 (1 + δ)(1 + z)3 cm−3 . The typical overdensity δ is taken to be the value at which the cumulative distribution of the IGM gas is 0.5. Using the simulations results presented in Sec. 4.2, and in particular t ...
Review of the recent controlled experiments for study of local...
... which consists of a much smaller diffusion region and standing wave shock structure. The smaller size of the diffusion region allows a faster reconnection rate and this Petschek model has been favored over the Sweet-Parker model, because its faster predicted reconnection rate agrees better with spac ...
... which consists of a much smaller diffusion region and standing wave shock structure. The smaller size of the diffusion region allows a faster reconnection rate and this Petschek model has been favored over the Sweet-Parker model, because its faster predicted reconnection rate agrees better with spac ...
Electromagnetic ion-cyclotron instability in the presence of a parallel
... complete understanding of their relative importance. In most of the theoretical work reported so far, the velocity distribution function has been assumed to be either Maxwellian or biMaxwellian, ignoring the steep loss-cone feature. Plasma in mirror-like devices and in the auroral region with curved ...
... complete understanding of their relative importance. In most of the theoretical work reported so far, the velocity distribution function has been assumed to be either Maxwellian or biMaxwellian, ignoring the steep loss-cone feature. Plasma in mirror-like devices and in the auroral region with curved ...
Modeling the extraction of sputtered metal from Linköping University Post Print
... over the exit area of the hollow cathode ( z = 0 mm). Pulses are applied during times 0 – 30 µs and 2000 – 2030 µs. (c) Same as panel (b) but with an expanded time scale. Inside the hollow cathode the gas temperature increases rapidly during the 30 µs long pulse to a maximum of about 1000 K at the e ...
... over the exit area of the hollow cathode ( z = 0 mm). Pulses are applied during times 0 – 30 µs and 2000 – 2030 µs. (c) Same as panel (b) but with an expanded time scale. Inside the hollow cathode the gas temperature increases rapidly during the 30 µs long pulse to a maximum of about 1000 K at the e ...
1. Theoretical studies of anomalous particle transport
... peaking the ratio between Vturb and D as follows: Vturb/D = n / n = - Cq q/q + CT T/T In cases where the neoclassical Ware pinch is not zero, the analysis of experimental results may lead to contradictory conclusions. In some cases the observed pinch is found to be in agreement with V = Vware, an ...
... peaking the ratio between Vturb and D as follows: Vturb/D = n / n = - Cq q/q + CT T/T In cases where the neoclassical Ware pinch is not zero, the analysis of experimental results may lead to contradictory conclusions. In some cases the observed pinch is found to be in agreement with V = Vware, an ...
Develpment and experiments with the
... eruptions, as a result of solar activities, may severely affect the ionospheric state and consequently lead to sudden variations with impacts on the electromagnetic waves propagating through it. Early ionospheric research efforts revealed a vertical profile of the ionosphere in terms of the electron ...
... eruptions, as a result of solar activities, may severely affect the ionospheric state and consequently lead to sudden variations with impacts on the electromagnetic waves propagating through it. Early ionospheric research efforts revealed a vertical profile of the ionosphere in terms of the electron ...
Non-conservative electron transport in CF4 in electric and magnetic
... applications in a wide range of devices where the electron kinetics plays an important role in device behaviour. These applications include various types of radiation detectors [29, 30], gas discharge opening switches [31] and gaseous dielectrics [32]. CF4 also has application in RF plasmas mostly r ...
... applications in a wide range of devices where the electron kinetics plays an important role in device behaviour. These applications include various types of radiation detectors [29, 30], gas discharge opening switches [31] and gaseous dielectrics [32]. CF4 also has application in RF plasmas mostly r ...
Plasma (physics)
Plasma (from Greek πλάσμα, ""anything formed"") is one of the four fundamental states of matter, the others being solid, liquid, and gas. A plasma has properties unlike those of the other states.A plasma can be created by heating a gas or subjecting it to a strong electromagnetic field applied with a laser or microwave generator. This decreases or increases the number of electrons, creating positive or negative charged particles called ions, and is accompanied by the dissociation of molecular bonds, if present.The presence of a significant number of charge carriers makes plasma electrically conductive so that it responds strongly to electromagnetic fields. Like gas, plasma does not have a definite shape or a definite volume unless enclosed in a container. Unlike gas, under the influence of a magnetic field, it may form structures such as filaments, beams and double layers.Plasma is the most abundant form of ordinary matter in the Universe (the only matter known to exist for sure, the more abundant dark matter is hypothetical and may or may not be explained by ordinary matter), most of which is in the rarefied intergalactic regions, particularly the intracluster medium, and in stars, including the Sun. A common form of plasmas on Earth is seen in neon signs.Much of the understanding of plasmas has come from the pursuit of controlled nuclear fusion and fusion power, for which plasma physics provides the scientific basis.