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Lecture`23 - MSU Chemistry - Michigan State University
Lecture`23 - MSU Chemistry - Michigan State University

... Werner)used)three)experiments)to)infer)the)structure)of)these)complexes:) • addition)of)aqueous)HCl)(no)evidence)of)neutralization)reaction)observed)) • reaction)with)aqueous)AgNO3)(precipitation)of)differing)amounts)of)AgCl,)depending) on)complex)) • measurement)of)solution)conductivity)when)comple ...
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... • Neutral molecule or ion having a lone electron pair that can be used to form a bond to a metal ion.  Monodentate ligand – one bond to a metal ion  Bidentate ligand (chelate) – two bonds to a metal ion  Polydentate ligand – more than two bonds to a metal ion ...
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Concepts in Transition Metal Chemistry – Answers

... stable oxidation states of Fe are +2 and +3. The +2 state has an electronic configuration of d6 and the +3 state a configuration of d5. In a weak field these would have 4 and 5 unpaired electrons respectively. For a strong field octahedral environment, there would be 0 and 1 unpaired electrons. From ...
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... Define the following: 1. Chemical formula - the way of expressing information about the proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound, using element symbols and numbers. 2. Molecule- electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds 3. Valence elec ...
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Writing Chemical Formulas for Ionic Compounds

... The element or polyatomic ion with the positive oxidation number (cation) is written first. The element with the negative oxidation number (anion) goes second. Crisscross the absolute values of the oxidation numbers. ...
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Lecture 9

... Oxidation number is a property of a single atom. We cannot define the oxidation number for a molecule or a polyatomic ion. The sum of oxidation numbers of the atoms in a polyatomic ion or molecule can be calculated. This is not the oxidation number of the molecule or ion. Polyatomic ions have an ov ...
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Oxidation state

The oxidation state, often called the oxidation number, is an indicator of the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. Conceptually, the oxidation state, which may be positive, negative or zero, is the hypothetical charge that an atom would have if all bonds to atoms of different elements were 100% ionic, with no covalent component. This is never exactly true for real bonds.The term ""oxidation"" was first used by Lavoisier to mean reaction of a substance with oxygen. Much later, it was realized that the substance on being oxidized loses electrons, and the use of the term ""oxidation"" was extended to include other reactions in which electrons are lost.Oxidation states are typically represented by small integers. In some cases, the average oxidation state of an element is a fraction, such as 8/3 for iron in magnetite (Fe3O4). The highest known oxidation state is reported to be +9 in the cation IrO+4, while the lowest known oxidation state is −5 for boron, gallium, indium, and thallium. The possibility of +9 and +10 oxidation states in platinum group elements, especially iridium(IX) and platinum(X), has been discussed by Kiselev and Tretiyakov.The increase in oxidation state of an atom through a chemical reaction is known as an oxidation; a decrease in oxidation state is known as a reduction. Such reactions involve the formal transfer of electrons, a net gain in electrons being a reduction and a net loss of electrons being an oxidation. For pure elements, the oxidation state is zero.There are various methods for determining oxidation states/numbers.In inorganic nomenclature the oxidation state is determined and expressed as an oxidation number represented by a Roman numeral placed after the element name.In coordination chemistry, oxidation number is defined differently from oxidation state.
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