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207 Chapter 12: Oxidation and Reduction. Oxidation
207 Chapter 12: Oxidation and Reduction. Oxidation

Click www.ondix.com to visit our student-to
Click www.ondix.com to visit our student-to

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Specific borane electron counting I - The School of Life Sciences at

... introducing this description is associated with the EnemarkFeltham notation for metal nitrosyls, a concept that was created to reconcile problems arising from oxidation number assignments of bent (NO-) and linear (NO+) nitrosyl complexes. The NO+ formalism, in particular, results in very unusual oxi ...
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PowerPoint Lectures - Northwest ISD Moodle

... lose electrons) • Activity series – list of metals arranged in order of decreasing ease of oxidation - Allows us to predict whether a metal will be oxidized or not • Any neutral metal (or hydrogen) on the list can be oxidized by the ions of elements below it • That is why silver ion oxidized copper ...
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periodic table - Mesa Community College

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TOPIC 13: HIGHER LEVEL PERIODICITY

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... which catalyse reactions of hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, halogenation and dehalogenation also belong to this class. The most important catalysts in the field of petrochemicals for the oxidation of hydrocarbons for processes carried out in the gas phase. Presence of a transition metal as the princ ...
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Chapter 6

< 1 ... 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 ... 59 >

Oxidation state

The oxidation state, often called the oxidation number, is an indicator of the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. Conceptually, the oxidation state, which may be positive, negative or zero, is the hypothetical charge that an atom would have if all bonds to atoms of different elements were 100% ionic, with no covalent component. This is never exactly true for real bonds.The term ""oxidation"" was first used by Lavoisier to mean reaction of a substance with oxygen. Much later, it was realized that the substance on being oxidized loses electrons, and the use of the term ""oxidation"" was extended to include other reactions in which electrons are lost.Oxidation states are typically represented by small integers. In some cases, the average oxidation state of an element is a fraction, such as 8/3 for iron in magnetite (Fe3O4). The highest known oxidation state is reported to be +9 in the cation IrO+4, while the lowest known oxidation state is −5 for boron, gallium, indium, and thallium. The possibility of +9 and +10 oxidation states in platinum group elements, especially iridium(IX) and platinum(X), has been discussed by Kiselev and Tretiyakov.The increase in oxidation state of an atom through a chemical reaction is known as an oxidation; a decrease in oxidation state is known as a reduction. Such reactions involve the formal transfer of electrons, a net gain in electrons being a reduction and a net loss of electrons being an oxidation. For pure elements, the oxidation state is zero.There are various methods for determining oxidation states/numbers.In inorganic nomenclature the oxidation state is determined and expressed as an oxidation number represented by a Roman numeral placed after the element name.In coordination chemistry, oxidation number is defined differently from oxidation state.
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