McREDD: How McKinsey `cost-curves` are distorting - REDD
... into account opportunity cost, or the economic value that derives from deforesting or degrading the land. This is particularly problematic with regard to small-scale agriculture, as by definition much of it is primarily farmed for subsistence purposes and is not sold on the market. Subsistence uses ...
... into account opportunity cost, or the economic value that derives from deforesting or degrading the land. This is particularly problematic with regard to small-scale agriculture, as by definition much of it is primarily farmed for subsistence purposes and is not sold on the market. Subsistence uses ...
Jessica Ayers - Initiative on Climate Adaptation Research and
... interests, so what would be the result of the participation process?”28 An expertdriven, impacts-based perspective on adaptation actually makes inclusiveness problematic because it “run[s] a high risk of encountering elements of local opposition, especially under conditions of scientific uncertainty ...
... interests, so what would be the result of the participation process?”28 An expertdriven, impacts-based perspective on adaptation actually makes inclusiveness problematic because it “run[s] a high risk of encountering elements of local opposition, especially under conditions of scientific uncertainty ...
McCarty, 2001. Ecological consequences of recent climate change.
... has already warmed by 0.5⬚ C over the past century, and recent studies show that it is possible to detect the effects of a changing climate on ecological systems. This suggests that global change may be a current and future conservation threat. Changes in recent decades are apparent at all levels of ...
... has already warmed by 0.5⬚ C over the past century, and recent studies show that it is possible to detect the effects of a changing climate on ecological systems. This suggests that global change may be a current and future conservation threat. Changes in recent decades are apparent at all levels of ...
Climate Conventions and Africa/Ethiopia - EfD
... temperature increases). This convention is based on the principles of equity and “common but differentiated responsibility” which require industrialized countries to take the lead in modifying longer-term trends in emissions. Since the UNFCCC entered into force on 21 March 1994, there have been many ...
... temperature increases). This convention is based on the principles of equity and “common but differentiated responsibility” which require industrialized countries to take the lead in modifying longer-term trends in emissions. Since the UNFCCC entered into force on 21 March 1994, there have been many ...
Extreme Weather and Climate Change
... from natural disasters as a whole, however, and the results are quite different. Data from Munich Re, one of the world’s largest re-insurance firms, show that direct economic losses (in 1992 U.S. dollars) from natural disasters worldwide increased by a factor of 43 between the last half of the 1960s ...
... from natural disasters as a whole, however, and the results are quite different. Data from Munich Re, one of the world’s largest re-insurance firms, show that direct economic losses (in 1992 U.S. dollars) from natural disasters worldwide increased by a factor of 43 between the last half of the 1960s ...
Engineering solutions for coastal infrastructure
... Figure 1: Some issues of relevance to a small coastal community. Source: ©Google Earth. Disclaimer: The site has been chosen for illustrative purposes only. The issues depicted may not be present at this specific community. ...
... Figure 1: Some issues of relevance to a small coastal community. Source: ©Google Earth. Disclaimer: The site has been chosen for illustrative purposes only. The issues depicted may not be present at this specific community. ...
Climate Change and Paleoecology: New Contexts for Restoration
... Of particular interest is the warming of the twentieth century. During the preceding fourcentury-long Little Ice Age, temperatures in western North America were on average 1°C colder than present; glaciers in many western North American mountain ranges were at their greatest extent since the end of ...
... Of particular interest is the warming of the twentieth century. During the preceding fourcentury-long Little Ice Age, temperatures in western North America were on average 1°C colder than present; glaciers in many western North American mountain ranges were at their greatest extent since the end of ...
Predicting future oceans: climate
... fies the ocean (ocean acidification). As the water becomes more acidic, it causes problems for some marine life, particularly those that form calcium-based shells (such as corals, crustaceans and shellfish). Under high CO2 emissions scenarios, the acidity of the world’s oceans, as measured by pH, is ...
... fies the ocean (ocean acidification). As the water becomes more acidic, it causes problems for some marine life, particularly those that form calcium-based shells (such as corals, crustaceans and shellfish). Under high CO2 emissions scenarios, the acidity of the world’s oceans, as measured by pH, is ...
Long-term macroinvertebrate responses to climate change
... continued applicability for examining water quality under future climate change scenarios. However, it also suggests that they likely will not be good indicators for detecting climate-change effects. The impacts of climate change in Mediterranean-climate streams can be effectively monitored within t ...
... continued applicability for examining water quality under future climate change scenarios. However, it also suggests that they likely will not be good indicators for detecting climate-change effects. The impacts of climate change in Mediterranean-climate streams can be effectively monitored within t ...
Hasan, F.A. Human Agency, Climate Change, and Culture
... by climatologists and environmental scientists, though the last few years have witnessed some overtures for collaboration among social and environmental scientists (see Costanza, Graumlich, and Steffan 2007; Costanza et al. 2007; Dearing, Cromer, and Kiefer 2007). The threat of climate change may di ...
... by climatologists and environmental scientists, though the last few years have witnessed some overtures for collaboration among social and environmental scientists (see Costanza, Graumlich, and Steffan 2007; Costanza et al. 2007; Dearing, Cromer, and Kiefer 2007). The threat of climate change may di ...
published in Global Environmental Change in 2011
... there is a striking degree of scientific agreement in this respect, particularly amongst scientists directly researching the issue: Doran and Zimmerman’s (2009) survey found that 97% of climate scientists agreed that human activity is contributing to climate change. Policy-makers have responded by i ...
... there is a striking degree of scientific agreement in this respect, particularly amongst scientists directly researching the issue: Doran and Zimmerman’s (2009) survey found that 97% of climate scientists agreed that human activity is contributing to climate change. Policy-makers have responded by i ...
Opportunities and risks of climate change
... And who is affected by climate changes? In a word, everyone. Climate change – a change in the average weather conditions – may have both positive and negative effects in individual cases, but it can never be without consequences. Since the weather influences all areas of life, climate changes affect ...
... And who is affected by climate changes? In a word, everyone. Climate change – a change in the average weather conditions – may have both positive and negative effects in individual cases, but it can never be without consequences. Since the weather influences all areas of life, climate changes affect ...
Climate change impacts on Australia`s alpine ecosystems
... species-specific. Changes in snow regimes are predicted to significantly alter the composition and distribution of alpine vegetation communities. In particular, movement of species ranges to higher altitudes is predicted to increase species diversity in the alpine zone (though with a likely loss of ...
... species-specific. Changes in snow regimes are predicted to significantly alter the composition and distribution of alpine vegetation communities. In particular, movement of species ranges to higher altitudes is predicted to increase species diversity in the alpine zone (though with a likely loss of ...
8 Appendix other age.. - The Work of Malcolm Roberts
... House of Representatives Standing Committee on Climate Change, Environment and the Arts, quote: “Humans are ultimately the main threat to the environment, especially in Australia, per capita the world’s most effluent and most affluent ...
... House of Representatives Standing Committee on Climate Change, Environment and the Arts, quote: “Humans are ultimately the main threat to the environment, especially in Australia, per capita the world’s most effluent and most affluent ...
CANADA`S SECOND BIENNIAL REPORT ON CLIMATE CHANGE
... total GHG emissions in 2013, at 81% or 588 Mt. The remaining emissions were largely generated by sources within the Agriculture sector (8% of total emissions) and Industrial Processes and Product Use sector (7%), with minor contributions from the Waste sector (3%). The emissions breakdown by IPCC se ...
... total GHG emissions in 2013, at 81% or 588 Mt. The remaining emissions were largely generated by sources within the Agriculture sector (8% of total emissions) and Industrial Processes and Product Use sector (7%), with minor contributions from the Waste sector (3%). The emissions breakdown by IPCC se ...
PDF
... availability that affect plant phenology, for example, could lead to temporal mismatch between resource availability and consumer demand (16), which can have important effects on resource flow and ecosystem function (17). General circulation models developed at the Hadley Centre for Climate Predicti ...
... availability that affect plant phenology, for example, could lead to temporal mismatch between resource availability and consumer demand (16), which can have important effects on resource flow and ecosystem function (17). General circulation models developed at the Hadley Centre for Climate Predicti ...
An Initial Look at DoD`s Activities Toward Climate Change Resiliency
... were placed together and not in strict chronological order). Because DoDD 4715.21, “Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience,” January 14, 2016 provides a roadmap to the responsibilities and activities of the entire DoD, Appendix A arrays DoDD 4715.21 by organization and functional focus as a way of ...
... were placed together and not in strict chronological order). Because DoDD 4715.21, “Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience,” January 14, 2016 provides a roadmap to the responsibilities and activities of the entire DoD, Appendix A arrays DoDD 4715.21 by organization and functional focus as a way of ...
Accounting for Health Impacts of Climate Change
... this warming is primarily caused by human activity. Furthermore, recent observations show that some climate indicators are near or beyond the upper range of the IPCC’s 1990 projections. A warmer and unstable climate is expected to adversely affect health, with disproportionately larger impacts on th ...
... this warming is primarily caused by human activity. Furthermore, recent observations show that some climate indicators are near or beyond the upper range of the IPCC’s 1990 projections. A warmer and unstable climate is expected to adversely affect health, with disproportionately larger impacts on th ...
Biosequestration - Center for Climate and Energy Solutions
... A global system of recognized practices and credits for biosequestration does not currently exist. Policies and programs that are effective in increasing the adoption of biosequestration practices are fragmentary, especially in the United States. The Kyoto Protocol – an international agreement gover ...
... A global system of recognized practices and credits for biosequestration does not currently exist. Policies and programs that are effective in increasing the adoption of biosequestration practices are fragmentary, especially in the United States. The Kyoto Protocol – an international agreement gover ...
planned relocations, disasters and climate change
... (DFDR), the term ‘involuntary resettlement’ is associated with decades of experience in relocating populations in the context of development projects. Development actors put issues of poverty reduction at the center of their efforts while humanitarians often focus on protection; sometimes those acto ...
... (DFDR), the term ‘involuntary resettlement’ is associated with decades of experience in relocating populations in the context of development projects. Development actors put issues of poverty reduction at the center of their efforts while humanitarians often focus on protection; sometimes those acto ...
Climate-human-environment interactions: resolving our past
... of “slow” adaptive cycles that are key to understanding resilience (Holling and Gunderson, 2002). Viewing our present earth system and its societies as a point on a long-term trajectory may be an appropriate perspective but there is no agreed protocol about how we should learn from the past about it ...
... of “slow” adaptive cycles that are key to understanding resilience (Holling and Gunderson, 2002). Viewing our present earth system and its societies as a point on a long-term trajectory may be an appropriate perspective but there is no agreed protocol about how we should learn from the past about it ...
Bringin Adaptation to Ground in British Columbia
... ity. In the Pacific Northwest, warm phases of ENSO (El Niño) and PDO increase the likelihood of a warmer-than-average winter and spring and decrease the likelihood of a wetter-than-averFigure 1: Coast, Northern, and Southern Regions, age winter. The opposite tendenas referenced in this article. Boun ...
... ity. In the Pacific Northwest, warm phases of ENSO (El Niño) and PDO increase the likelihood of a warmer-than-average winter and spring and decrease the likelihood of a wetter-than-averFigure 1: Coast, Northern, and Southern Regions, age winter. The opposite tendenas referenced in this article. Boun ...
Hawaii`s Changing Climate - School of Ocean and Earth Science
... over the past century, and accelerated since the 1970’s. According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration23 global surface temperatures have increased about 1.44°F since the late-19th century, and the linear trend for the past 50 years of 0.36°F per decade is nearly twice that for the ...
... over the past century, and accelerated since the 1970’s. According to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration23 global surface temperatures have increased about 1.44°F since the late-19th century, and the linear trend for the past 50 years of 0.36°F per decade is nearly twice that for the ...
Bohensky CV Dec 2015
... ATSIP Building, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811 Australia Biography Dr. Erin Bohensky conducts research on public perceptions and engagement with social and environmental change. Over the past eight years her work on knowledge integration and adaptation through participatory scenario pla ...
... ATSIP Building, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811 Australia Biography Dr. Erin Bohensky conducts research on public perceptions and engagement with social and environmental change. Over the past eight years her work on knowledge integration and adaptation through participatory scenario pla ...
Business Responses to Climate Change in Developing Countries: A
... developing countries, others are proper for developed countries that does not occur in the developing countries such as changing expert opinion (a specific strategy of firms in the U.S. and Australia), acquisition of emission credits strategy, and policy inputs or lobbying activities in the informat ...
... developing countries, others are proper for developed countries that does not occur in the developing countries such as changing expert opinion (a specific strategy of firms in the U.S. and Australia), acquisition of emission credits strategy, and policy inputs or lobbying activities in the informat ...