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Climate change impact compared to life cycle assessment results: a
Climate change impact compared to life cycle assessment results: a

... relevance of all the inputs and outputs. The selected LCIA-method is ReCiPe, created by RIVM, CML, PRé Consultants, Radboud Universiteit, and CML-IA. This method, implements both midpoints (problem-oriented approach; impact categories) and endpoints (damage-oriented approach; damage categories) (Buy ...
Livelihoods and Climate Change - International Institute for
Livelihoods and Climate Change - International Institute for

... Successful adaptation must be accomplished through actions that target and reduce the vulnerabilities poor people now face, as they are likely to become more prevalent as the climate changes. This approach calls for a convergence of four distinct communities who have long been tackling the issue of ...
Annex C: Simulated Changes in Vegetation Distribution under
Annex C: Simulated Changes in Vegetation Distribution under

... since the magnitude, timing and spatial details of global warming vary among climate models. Most published impacts studies were based on atmospheric General Circulation Model (GCM) doubled CO 2 radiative forcing equilibrium experiments with simple mixed-layer oceans. Doubled CO 2 radiative forcing ...
Advancing climate ambition: How city-scale actions can contribute to
Advancing climate ambition: How city-scale actions can contribute to

... World leaders have agreed that, to avoid the most dangerous climate change impacts, global warming should be kept below 2°C above pre-industrial levels. Doing so, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has said, will require staying within a strict “carbon budget” (IPCC 2013). Yet so far, cou ...
The Adaptation Challenge: Key issues for crop production
The Adaptation Challenge: Key issues for crop production

... The report is comprised of two parts. The first aims at assessing the extent of the actual and potential impacts of climate changes on crop production in the Russian Federation and also what potential Russia has to supply agricultural products to the world market under certain projected climate cond ...
climate change climate change - Toronto District School Board
climate change climate change - Toronto District School Board

... Climate change is a serious problem that knows no boundaries; it is best understood through thinking in terms of large interacting systems. The long-term unpredictable impacts of climate change on ecozones and the people who are part of them is a cause for global concern; it requires a global commit ...
- UNDP Climate Change Adaptation
- UNDP Climate Change Adaptation

... gases: fossil fuel use, changes in vegetation cover. Natural ones: carbon going into and out of ocean/forest naturally every year However, the greenhouse gases have been slowly increasing, thereby increasing the blanket of the atmosphere ...
Working Paper Series: The Global Energy Market: Comprehensive Strategies to Meet
Working Paper Series: The Global Energy Market: Comprehensive Strategies to Meet

... success of any such response will hinge -- given the American position as the world’s largest GHG emitter -- upon U.S. cooperation, whether formal or informal. While the paper will occasionally touch upon economics by necessity, much of the discussion will focus on the politics -- domestic and inter ...
Innovation in the realm of institutional complexity
Innovation in the realm of institutional complexity

... Further, the relational model of institutional work (Smets and Jarzabkowski 2013) is also of relevance for our study. This model shows how actors construct and reconstruct complex institutional environments in their practical everyday work through different cycles by making sense of contradictory lo ...
NASA faked the moon landing—therefore
NASA faked the moon landing—therefore

... deniers believe that communists, socialists, and a “global elite” have manufactured global warming as the “biggest scam in history” (Sussman, 2010, p. 215). In all these cases, the conspiracy theory serves to explain away overwhelming scientific evidence. Thus, the conspiracist ideation may be an ac ...
Hope in God`s Future - The Methodist Church in Britain
Hope in God`s Future - The Methodist Church in Britain

... traditions; and seek to discern the implications of this encounter for changed practice. Our report also seeks to reflect our practice as Christians, and is structured to reflect many Christian liturgies. We seek to bring the situation of the church, as part of a world facing threats of climate ch ...
Telling the Weather Story - Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction
Telling the Weather Story - Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction

... Future trends in the frequency and severity of extreme weather will have a significant impact on the ability of individuals, governments and insurance companies to prepare for future catastrophic events. This is a concern given that the IPCC has concluded that it is very likely that extreme weather ...
Telling the Weather Story - IBC Public Assets
Telling the Weather Story - IBC Public Assets

... Future trends in the frequency and severity of extreme weather will have a significant impact on the ability of individuals, governments and insurance companies to prepare for future catastrophic events. This is a concern given that the IPCC has concluded that it is very likely that extreme weather ...
Gender perspectives on climate change
Gender perspectives on climate change

... understanding of the issue. The climate has been changing (cooling and heating) for millennia; however, it is in recent years (some point out the Industrial Revolution as a key milestone) that human practices, such as the burning of fossil fuels and land-use changes among many other actions, have le ...
lecture 34
lecture 34

... the start of a man-made global warming? Two main anthropogenic forcing mechanisms: Greenhouse gas concentrations => rising. Aerosol concentrations => also increasing. We will focus attention on CO2 increases. ...
the impact of climate change on the development - UN
the impact of climate change on the development - UN

... World Trade Organization ...
Population, Climate Change, and Women`s Lives
Population, Climate Change, and Women`s Lives

... growth in emissions, which is distributed unevenly among regions and economies worldwide, scientists often apply an equation called the Kaya identity. Developed more than two decades ago by Japanese energy economist Yoichi Kaya, this equation calculates the magnitude of emissions change over time as ...
17 - City of Santa Cruz
17 - City of Santa Cruz

... • Sleep mode on computers reduces waste when computers are not in use. • Heating/Air conditioning retrofit. Several City building HVAC systems have been upgraded to improve climate control efficiency. • LED traffic signal retrofits. LEDs (light-emitting diodes), which use 8090% less energy and requi ...
Climate Change Effects on Vegetation Distribution and
Climate Change Effects on Vegetation Distribution and

... and others 2000) is one example of the new dynamic global vegetation models (DGVM) that can now illustrate year-to-year variability in the C budget due to climatic variations such as drought and disturbances such as fire under more realistic climate change scenarios that include the influence of dyn ...
The Carbon Cycle - San Jose State University
The Carbon Cycle - San Jose State University

...  Based on the below Carbon Flux information, how many years will it take for the carbon in the atm/ocean/bio to double? *1 Gt = 1015 grams Atmosphere-Ocean-Biosphere 40,000 Gt Net Carbon Flux ...
Vulnerability of coastal communities to key
Vulnerability of coastal communities to key

... alike are how reef-dependant societies are being affected by, and what capacity they have to adapt to, climate change impacts. Research on social vulnerability to disasters, global environmental change, famine, and poverty has a long history in social science disciplines such as human geography (Adg ...
Transformative Learning and Engagement with Climate
Transformative Learning and Engagement with Climate

... 1. INTRODUCTION In its Fifth Assessment Report, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) finds that the evidence for anthropogenic climate change is “unequivocal”, and that that unless carbon emissions are sharply reduced, global warming relative to 1850–1900 is likely to exceed 2°C and ...
Buddhist Contributions to Climate Response
Buddhist Contributions to Climate Response

... waves, more extreme and hotter wildfires, and more severe long-term droughts. Already people are migrating away from climate stressed areas in search of new homes and livelihoods.3 City, state, and national government budgets are being stretched beyond capacity by climate ...
PDF
PDF

... Importantly, W(σ, γ) is measured in number of (effective) years [yr], so that the  SCC is measured in [€/TtCO2]. The damage‐time aggregator W(.) depends on the  discount  rate  applied  to  future  losses,  described  through  σ,  and  the  climate  system  parameters,  described  through  vector  γ ...
1st PDCI Conference Report - Practitioners` Dialogue on Climate
1st PDCI Conference Report - Practitioners` Dialogue on Climate

... H.E. Ngedikes Olai Uludong emphasized the importance of establishing a new binding international climate agreement as the outcome of COP 21 in Paris. As a representative from AOSIS, “Alliance of Small Island States”, Ambassador Olai Uludong stated that small island states often lack clout in interna ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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