Towards indicators for resilient architecture and infrastructure
... or replace. As infrastructure assets have long operational lifetimes they are sensitive not only to the existing climate at the time of their construction, but also to climate variations over the decades of their use. For example, energy infrastructure put into service in the next five years may “l ...
... or replace. As infrastructure assets have long operational lifetimes they are sensitive not only to the existing climate at the time of their construction, but also to climate variations over the decades of their use. For example, energy infrastructure put into service in the next five years may “l ...
... http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/science/indicators/download.html . Just read the “Summary of Key Points” (4 pp.) and the chapter on “Greenhouse Gases” (12 pp.). Optional: browse chapters on “Weather and Climate,” “Oceans,” “Snow and Ice,” etc. * US EPA, “Future Climate Change” (last updated Jan. 8, ...
10 IISD (17 March 2016):Arctic Council Addresses
... to which ecosystems cannot adapt like in former times. And because of complex interactions there will be also almost unforeseeable consequences. People often think of the powerful symbol, the polar bear. But that is far from the only problem that a melting Arctic brings. Important issues are changes ...
... to which ecosystems cannot adapt like in former times. And because of complex interactions there will be also almost unforeseeable consequences. People often think of the powerful symbol, the polar bear. But that is far from the only problem that a melting Arctic brings. Important issues are changes ...
Visual Salience in Climate Change Imagery is in the Eye of the
... environmental issues indirectly affects pro-environmental behavior, primarily in light of knowledge’s direct association with variables such as social and moral norms and ...
... environmental issues indirectly affects pro-environmental behavior, primarily in light of knowledge’s direct association with variables such as social and moral norms and ...
Target Atmospheric CO2: Where Should Humanity Aim?
... How long does it take to reach equilibrium temperature with specified GHG change? Response is slowed by ocean thermal inertia and the time needed for ice sheets to disintegrate. Ocean-caused delay is estimated in Fig. (S7) using a coupled atmosphere-ocean model. Onethird of the response occurs in t ...
... How long does it take to reach equilibrium temperature with specified GHG change? Response is slowed by ocean thermal inertia and the time needed for ice sheets to disintegrate. Ocean-caused delay is estimated in Fig. (S7) using a coupled atmosphere-ocean model. Onethird of the response occurs in t ...
at least -48 - Monash University
... view that individuals have equal rights to ‘shares’ in the atmosphere. This is often called the ‘per capita emissions rights’ principle. According to this view, at minimum, future access to remaining emissions ‘space’ should be equally shared on a per capita basis. The ‘contraction and convergence’ ...
... view that individuals have equal rights to ‘shares’ in the atmosphere. This is often called the ‘per capita emissions rights’ principle. According to this view, at minimum, future access to remaining emissions ‘space’ should be equally shared on a per capita basis. The ‘contraction and convergence’ ...
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... mitigation costs and ignore the option of adaptation or at best treat it implicitly as part of the damage estimate.i Tol and Fankhauser (1998) survey the IAM literature and conclude that in the majority of the models adaptation is not included; this situation has hardly improved since then. Further ...
... mitigation costs and ignore the option of adaptation or at best treat it implicitly as part of the damage estimate.i Tol and Fankhauser (1998) survey the IAM literature and conclude that in the majority of the models adaptation is not included; this situation has hardly improved since then. Further ...
EFMN Brief No. 137_ Manufacturing in Europe
... textiles and wearing apparel, electronic equipment and basic metals. This disadvantage will become further manifest in the oncoming twenty years. In particular, this applies to electronic equipment, which – while in the past representing a relatively large sector – will decline even further. Textile ...
... textiles and wearing apparel, electronic equipment and basic metals. This disadvantage will become further manifest in the oncoming twenty years. In particular, this applies to electronic equipment, which – while in the past representing a relatively large sector – will decline even further. Textile ...
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... instantaneous utility gained in that period and the welfare gained from the continuation of the path in the next period given the new state variables (which are altered according to the consumption and abatement decision). For a detailed analysis of the interpretation of the parameters α and ρ I ref ...
... instantaneous utility gained in that period and the welfare gained from the continuation of the path in the next period given the new state variables (which are altered according to the consumption and abatement decision). For a detailed analysis of the interpretation of the parameters α and ρ I ref ...
njpn-environment-group-notes-dates-and-resources-september-2016
... future’. It will be held at Southwark’s Anglican Cathedral and is organised by The Climate Change Collaboration, Operation Noah and Quaker Peace & Social Witness. http://www.indcatholicnews.com/news.php?viewStory=31069 Climate Change An interfaith symposium was held at St. John’s, Waterloo, on 21 Se ...
... future’. It will be held at Southwark’s Anglican Cathedral and is organised by The Climate Change Collaboration, Operation Noah and Quaker Peace & Social Witness. http://www.indcatholicnews.com/news.php?viewStory=31069 Climate Change An interfaith symposium was held at St. John’s, Waterloo, on 21 Se ...
2007 August, Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Policy and Economics
... a fixed level, regardless of the cost to achieve that level of reduction. Large fluctuations and unpredictability in permit prices make it difficult to make prudent decisions about investing in abatement technologies and strategies. Existing cap-and-trade systems have shown that permit price volatil ...
... a fixed level, regardless of the cost to achieve that level of reduction. Large fluctuations and unpredictability in permit prices make it difficult to make prudent decisions about investing in abatement technologies and strategies. Existing cap-and-trade systems have shown that permit price volatil ...
Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change in Berlin – AFOK
... (more than 10mm precipitation per day). Currently, Berlin sees about 11 of these events per year. Under climate change, there will be about 15 (near future) or 17 (distant future) events ...
... (more than 10mm precipitation per day). Currently, Berlin sees about 11 of these events per year. Under climate change, there will be about 15 (near future) or 17 (distant future) events ...
Malaysia`s First National Communication
... 0.9 cm/year. The second is shoreline erosion, which will account for another few hundred metres of shoreline retreat. The third is increased wave action, which can affect the structural integrity of coastal facilities and installations such as power plants. The last is saline intrusion, which can po ...
... 0.9 cm/year. The second is shoreline erosion, which will account for another few hundred metres of shoreline retreat. The third is increased wave action, which can affect the structural integrity of coastal facilities and installations such as power plants. The last is saline intrusion, which can po ...
Nippon Foundation-Nereus Report "Predicting Future Oceans"
... fies the ocean (ocean acidification). As the water becomes more acidic, it causes problems for some marine life, particularly those that form calcium-based shells (such as corals, crustaceans and shellfish). Under high CO2 emissions scenarios, the acidity of the world’s oceans, as measured by pH, is ...
... fies the ocean (ocean acidification). As the water becomes more acidic, it causes problems for some marine life, particularly those that form calcium-based shells (such as corals, crustaceans and shellfish). Under high CO2 emissions scenarios, the acidity of the world’s oceans, as measured by pH, is ...
Togo - unfccc
... country by 4 to 8 mm over its current level in 2025 and by 18 to 39 mm of rain by 2100. The associated impacts on the main sectors considered to be sensitive are: (i) Energy: a spatial analysis reveals that the savannah region, which is already facing the highest poverty rate and increasingly scarce ...
... country by 4 to 8 mm over its current level in 2025 and by 18 to 39 mm of rain by 2100. The associated impacts on the main sectors considered to be sensitive are: (i) Energy: a spatial analysis reveals that the savannah region, which is already facing the highest poverty rate and increasingly scarce ...
State-level economic impacts of a National Climate Change policy
... Ongoing climate-change research indicates that human activities are contributing to a warming of the earth through activities that result in emissions of large quantities of greenhouse gases (GHGs) that trap heat in the atmosphere. Among these activities are production and consumption of fossil fuel ...
... Ongoing climate-change research indicates that human activities are contributing to a warming of the earth through activities that result in emissions of large quantities of greenhouse gases (GHGs) that trap heat in the atmosphere. Among these activities are production and consumption of fossil fuel ...
A climatic basis for microrefugia: the influence of terrain on climate
... the dispersal capacity of species in response to anthropogenic warming. Indeed, there are many implications of microrefugia and yet our understanding of them is quite limited. Most notably, we lack an understanding of the climatic basis for explaining their existence. Investigators commonly attribut ...
... the dispersal capacity of species in response to anthropogenic warming. Indeed, there are many implications of microrefugia and yet our understanding of them is quite limited. Most notably, we lack an understanding of the climatic basis for explaining their existence. Investigators commonly attribut ...
new zealand`s greenhouse gas inventory 1990–2013 snapshot
... New Zealand is committed to playing its part in a global response to climate change. New Zealand has a broad range of measures to address climate change, on both a domestic and an international level, and focuses efforts where it can make the greatest contribution. New Zealand’s total emissions are ...
... New Zealand is committed to playing its part in a global response to climate change. New Zealand has a broad range of measures to address climate change, on both a domestic and an international level, and focuses efforts where it can make the greatest contribution. New Zealand’s total emissions are ...
Changing Landscapes, Changing Lives
... eastward through the Interior Plateau Region until it ends at the Fraser River near the geographical centre of the Province, at what is now the City of Prince George (Hartman, 1996). Before the River was dammed (see Section 5.1), the Nechako River was 440 km long. The Nechako River Basin (NRB) spans ...
... eastward through the Interior Plateau Region until it ends at the Fraser River near the geographical centre of the Province, at what is now the City of Prince George (Hartman, 1996). Before the River was dammed (see Section 5.1), the Nechako River was 440 km long. The Nechako River Basin (NRB) spans ...
The missing climate forcing
... Observed climate change is consistent with radiative forcings on several time scales for which the dominant forcings are known, ranging from the few years after a large volcanic eruption to glacial-tointerglacial changes. In the period with most detailed data, 1979 to the present, climate observatio ...
... Observed climate change is consistent with radiative forcings on several time scales for which the dominant forcings are known, ranging from the few years after a large volcanic eruption to glacial-tointerglacial changes. In the period with most detailed data, 1979 to the present, climate observatio ...
674_0 - Global Environment Facility
... This is not ignoring that Kiribati must carry out its obligations under the Convention which are intended to minimize impacts of climate change that would otherwise be experienced. For Kiribati to be able to do this, external assistance is needed. It will enable Kiribati to consolidate its needs for ...
... This is not ignoring that Kiribati must carry out its obligations under the Convention which are intended to minimize impacts of climate change that would otherwise be experienced. For Kiribati to be able to do this, external assistance is needed. It will enable Kiribati to consolidate its needs for ...
Vol.11, No.2, 2011
... somewhat shorter than observed (24 months vs the observed 27 – 28 months). The simulated oscillation, however, is more regular than that observed, the period of almost every cycle locking on to exactly two years. The MIROC was then run with SSTs and CO2 values expected for the late 21st century (Fig ...
... somewhat shorter than observed (24 months vs the observed 27 – 28 months). The simulated oscillation, however, is more regular than that observed, the period of almost every cycle locking on to exactly two years. The MIROC was then run with SSTs and CO2 values expected for the late 21st century (Fig ...
Out of the Maze Montreal Protocol, Climate Benefits
... almost 100 ozone-depleting chemicals by 97 per cent and placing the ozone layer on the path to recovery by mid-century. It also is the most successful climate treaty to date, because chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and most other ozone depleting substances (ODS) that it has phased out are powerful GHGs.” ...
... almost 100 ozone-depleting chemicals by 97 per cent and placing the ozone layer on the path to recovery by mid-century. It also is the most successful climate treaty to date, because chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and most other ozone depleting substances (ODS) that it has phased out are powerful GHGs.” ...
Chhatra Bahadur Khadka Tribhuvan University
... (Rainfall and temperature) was collected to study the rainfall and temperature pattern and different published and unpublished literatures were used for collecting secondary data. Data were analysed using Ms-Excel and SPSS-11.5 and presented using tables, graphs and diagrams. The rainfall pattern se ...
... (Rainfall and temperature) was collected to study the rainfall and temperature pattern and different published and unpublished literatures were used for collecting secondary data. Data were analysed using Ms-Excel and SPSS-11.5 and presented using tables, graphs and diagrams. The rainfall pattern se ...
Supplement
... NOx emissions and associated impacts on tropospheric ozone under climate change in these simulations. Inserted (P5, L25-27): "Emissions of NOx from lightning (LNOx) are parameterised as a function of cloud-top height (Price and Rind, 1992, 1994) and thus, can vary with changes in convection (Banerje ...
... NOx emissions and associated impacts on tropospheric ozone under climate change in these simulations. Inserted (P5, L25-27): "Emissions of NOx from lightning (LNOx) are parameterised as a function of cloud-top height (Price and Rind, 1992, 1994) and thus, can vary with changes in convection (Banerje ...