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Climate Change Implications for Crop Production in
Climate Change Implications for Crop Production in

... Province of PNG from 1946 to 2002 found that there had been a shift to longer, but less pronounced, rainy seasons. Throughout the lowlands and highlands, villagers report similar changes in rainfall patterns. These changes are also linked in part to an increased frequency of El Nino events (Allen & ...
Global warming and changes in drought
Global warming and changes in drought

... timing  of  droughts.      But  when  they  do  occur,  it  is  expected  that  the  extra  heat  from  global  warming  will   increase  the  rate  of  drying,  establishing  the  drought  more  quickly  and  with  greater  intensi ...
Blue Nile Runoff Sensitivity to Climate Change
Blue Nile Runoff Sensitivity to Climate Change

... immediately followed in August 2006 by some of the most severe flooding seen in the region which was said to be the worst in 50 years. It is likely that more extreme events like these will be observed more frequently in future as a result of global warming [3]. In an attempt to understand climatic s ...
Distinguishing the relative impacts of climate change and human
Distinguishing the relative impacts of climate change and human

... press; Zhan et al., in press). Lahmer et al. (2001) indicated that climate change is the dominant factor that affects the change of streamflow in wet regions, while human activities such as some extreme land-use change only resulted in comparatively small impacts on regional water balance. Similar re ...
Israel`s report to the UNFCCC on climate change, 2000
Israel`s report to the UNFCCC on climate change, 2000

... Increases in seasonal temperature variability, storminess and frequency of temperature extremes may endanger cold- and heat-sensitive crops. Greater rain intensities and resulting floods may damage crops in the coastal plain. Drought damages are also expecto increase with the anticipated decrease in ...
Science Communication - Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship Program
Science Communication - Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship Program

... communities should be refined by looking at differences within the community, for example, a hierarchy between opinion leaders and followers. The concept of interpretive community may thus include journalists, sources, and audience members who are united around certain interpretations on a broader i ...
Retreating Glaciers and Advancing Concepts: Considering
Retreating Glaciers and Advancing Concepts: Considering

... changing environment. Adaptation to climate change refers to adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities. Various types of adaptation can be distinguished, including anticipatory ...
Modeling Earth`s future
Modeling Earth`s future

... policies, thereby providing policy makers with information they can use when making decisions. They also indicate where additional research is needed to reduce uncertainties. Valuable policy insights derive from integrated assessment models. These models show that the limits on emissions imposed by ...
M01P02SusCO2Emiss
M01P02SusCO2Emiss

... • Persistent flooding is causing the submergence of the ...
Particulate air pollution from wildfires in the Western US under
Particulate air pollution from wildfires in the Western US under

... Observing System (GEOS-5) product. The model was run with the nested grid option, which uses the native GEOS-5 horizontal resolution of 0.5°x0.667° over North America. Boundary conditions are obtained from a 2 × 2.5 global GEOS-Chem simulation. The model includes black carbon and primary organic par ...
Assessment of Climate Change Risks to Energy Reliability in the
Assessment of Climate Change Risks to Energy Reliability in the

... strategies that deliver benefits regardless of the nature and extent of changes in climate. In  other cases, large capital investments may be justified. Many of the presented management  measures are “low‐regrets” actions that provide short‐term benefits because they address both  current vulnerabil ...
ALC Working Paper Climate Change, Gender and Human Development:
ALC Working Paper Climate Change, Gender and Human Development:

... in countries already suffering social, political, environmental and economic stress. Climate change has the potential to exacerbate natural disasters and conflicts over natural resources. However, the varying extents to which the impacts are felt by different gender and population groups, therefore ...
Corporate Climate Action Strategy
Corporate Climate Action Strategy

... renewal often save costs while reducing energy demand and fossil fuel use when factored over the lifetime of an asset. Accounting for these operational benefits when capital projects are being scoped and budgeted for will be key to realizing these benefits while continuing to meet service levels. ...
Natural Disasters and Their Mitigation for Sustainable Agricultural
Natural Disasters and Their Mitigation for Sustainable Agricultural

... with natural catastrophes.” The cost of coping with such climatic anomalies is rising because of a combination of changes in the nature of natural disasters and the increasing vulnerability of society to these disasters (IPCC, 2001). Costs not absorbed by national governments, foreign aid, or insura ...
Is Strange Weather in the Air? A Study of US National Network News
Is Strange Weather in the Air? A Study of US National Network News

... feasible to distinguish between U.S. and foreign weather events. There are several reasons why these flagship network newscasts are a good source for ascertaining whether coverage of extreme weather events has increased over time. Unlike local newscasts, the national ones do not ordinarily provide w ...
Climate Investment Funds (CIFs): An Overview CRS Report for Congress Richard K. Lattanzio
Climate Investment Funds (CIFs): An Overview CRS Report for Congress Richard K. Lattanzio

... Congressional Research Service ...
a case study in the Italian Alp
a case study in the Italian Alp

... influences groundwater and pore pressure fluctuations of hillslopes. An approach is presented which transforms transient GCM output by statistical downscaling to local precipitation scenarios, which together with directly derived temperature scenarios are subsequently fed into a slope hydrological/s ...
Assessing Vulnerabilities to the Effects of Global Change: An Eight
Assessing Vulnerabilities to the Effects of Global Change: An Eight

... effectively integrate and support its research, assessment and decision support activities. In particular, we intend to catalyze and contribute to four interrelated lines of work: 1) broadening the science-defined agenda for studying global environmental change to engage more explicitly the socially ...
Global climate change scenario
Global climate change scenario

... development.  B1 - a convergent world with the same global population, that peaks in mid-century and declines thereafter, as in the A1 storyline.  B2 - a world in which the emphasis is on local solutions to economic, social and environmental sustainability. Copy right @ Dr. A.K.M. Saiful Islam, IW ...
osu climate plan draft - Finance and Administration
osu climate plan draft - Finance and Administration

... In the same way the OSU Strategic Plan addresses the university’s mission on a broad scale, a strategic effort is necessary to articulate an institutional vision to move toward climate neutrality. Indeed, this climate plan highlights and builds on the strong emphasis on sustainability in the Strateg ...
Author`s personal copy - College of DuPage Weather
Author`s personal copy - College of DuPage Weather

... and Ashley 2011). Results herein suggest that late-century, early-season thunderstorms will be of greater frequency, likely a function of robust increases in CAPE and near-surface specific humidity depicted by several GCMs and RCMs (Del Genio et al. 2007; Trapp et al. 2007a, 2009; Van Klooster and R ...
Economic implications of projected changes to tuna
Economic implications of projected changes to tuna

... on track, despite climate change. • Freshwater aquaculture for food security and livelihoods will itself be an adaptation to the effects of climate change on coastal fisheries • Freshwater aquaculture in the SW Pacific will generally benefit from climate change ...
FINAL DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Cross
FINAL DRAFT IPCC WGII AR5 Cross

... and F). Although less well documented, benthic invertebrates other than corals are also at risk (Przeslawski et al., 2008). Fish biodiversity is threatened by the permanent degradation of coral reefs, including in a marine reserve (Jones et al., 2004). Future impacts of climate-related drivers (ocea ...
CHAPTER 2: Forests
CHAPTER 2: Forests

... move with changes in climate, they will face extinction. Globally, it has been estimated that at least one-third of the world’s remaining forests may be adversely impacted by climate change over the next century (IPCC, 1995). Climate change may force species to migrate or shift their ranges far fast ...
Developing a climate change analysis
Developing a climate change analysis

... community that has just experienced a particularly harsh winter confidently predicts a continuation of harsher winters as the most important impact of climate change, it may well be that they are letting all three of these biases affect their conclusion, when a few colder winters may be part of a no ...
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Economics of global warming

There are a number of policies that governments might consider in response to global warming. The assessment of such policies involves the economics of global warming.Global warming is a long-term problem. One of the most important greenhouse gases is carbon dioxide. Around 20% of carbon dioxide which is emitted due to human activities can remain in the atmosphere for many thousands of years. The long time scales and uncertainty associated with global warming have led analysts to develop ""scenarios"" of future environmental, social and economic changes. These scenarios can help governments understand the potential consequences of their decisions.The impacts of climate change include the loss of biodiversity, sea level rise, increased frequency and severity of some extreme weather events, and acidification of the oceans. Economists have attempted to quantify these impacts in monetary terms, but these assessments can be controversial.The two main policy responses to global warming are to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and to adapt to the impacts of global warming (e.g., by building levees in response to sea level rise). Another policy response which has recently received greater attention is geoengineering of the climate system (e.g. injecting aerosols into the atmosphere to reflect sunlight away from the Earth's surface).One of the responses to the uncertainties of global warming is to adopt a strategy of sequential decision making. This strategy recognizes that decisions on global warming need to be made with incomplete information, and that decisions in the near term will have potentially long-term impacts. Governments might choose to use risk management as part of their policy response to global warming. For instance, a risk-based approach can be applied to climate impacts which are difficult to quantify in economic terms, e.g., the impacts of global warming on indigenous peoples.Analysts have assessed global warming in relation to sustainable development. Sustainable development considers how future generations might be affected by the actions of the current generation. In some areas, policies designed to address global warming may contribute positively towards other development objectives. In other areas, the cost of global warming policies may divert resources away from other socially and environmentally beneficial investments (the opportunity costs of climate change policy).
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