Adaptation measures for floods, storm surges, and sea level rise
... “Adaptation refers to any activity that reduces the negative impacts of climate change and and/or positions us to take advantage of new opportunities that may be presented” (Warren & Egginton, 2008, p. 29). The goals of adaptation are to alleviate current impacts, reduce sensitivity and exposure to ...
... “Adaptation refers to any activity that reduces the negative impacts of climate change and and/or positions us to take advantage of new opportunities that may be presented” (Warren & Egginton, 2008, p. 29). The goals of adaptation are to alleviate current impacts, reduce sensitivity and exposure to ...
Document
... the West Antarctic ice sheet [Joughin et al., 2014], and simulations suggest this outcome might not be prevented if GHG-related warming were reversed by stratospheric sulphate aerosol injection [McCusker et al., 2015]. Another example of such path dependency is that mass losses from ice sheets happe ...
... the West Antarctic ice sheet [Joughin et al., 2014], and simulations suggest this outcome might not be prevented if GHG-related warming were reversed by stratospheric sulphate aerosol injection [McCusker et al., 2015]. Another example of such path dependency is that mass losses from ice sheets happe ...
Article - Cerfacs
... probably the most worrying, occur during summer, with for example a decrease in precipitation larger than 20% in ensemble mean over France, at the end of the 21st century using a moderate emission scenario [Christensen et al., 2007]. This decrease in precipitation is accompanied by a large increase ...
... probably the most worrying, occur during summer, with for example a decrease in precipitation larger than 20% in ensemble mean over France, at the end of the 21st century using a moderate emission scenario [Christensen et al., 2007]. This decrease in precipitation is accompanied by a large increase ...
Nature, Not Human Activity, Rules the Climate
... opposite conclusion – namely, that natural causes are very likely to be the dominant cause. Note: We do not say anthropogenic greenhouse (GH) gases cannot produce some warming. Our conclusion is that the evidence shows they are not playing a significant role. Below, we first sketch out the history o ...
... opposite conclusion – namely, that natural causes are very likely to be the dominant cause. Note: We do not say anthropogenic greenhouse (GH) gases cannot produce some warming. Our conclusion is that the evidence shows they are not playing a significant role. Below, we first sketch out the history o ...
Systemic Crisis and Systemic Change in the United States in the
... to live wisely and agreeably and well.”20 What we face is not an economic problem but the political problem of managing the most powerful economy on earth— and of doing so on a timetable set by the bounded ecological limits of the planet. ...
... to live wisely and agreeably and well.”20 What we face is not an economic problem but the political problem of managing the most powerful economy on earth— and of doing so on a timetable set by the bounded ecological limits of the planet. ...
Extreme Allergies and Global Warming
... The evidence that climate is changing due to human activities is stronger than ever.1 The average global temperature in 2009 tied for the second highest year on record and the decade from 20002009 is the hottest on record.2 Due largely to the burning of fossil fuels, this warming is expected to cont ...
... The evidence that climate is changing due to human activities is stronger than ever.1 The average global temperature in 2009 tied for the second highest year on record and the decade from 20002009 is the hottest on record.2 Due largely to the burning of fossil fuels, this warming is expected to cont ...
Overall scientific concept with short-term and long
... different societal units which need to be the objects of the inquiry. Interdisciplinary dialogue and understanding is indispensable for analyzing the meaning and significance of the implications of climate change and the development of strategies to cope with them. Interdisciplinary research is a tr ...
... different societal units which need to be the objects of the inquiry. Interdisciplinary dialogue and understanding is indispensable for analyzing the meaning and significance of the implications of climate change and the development of strategies to cope with them. Interdisciplinary research is a tr ...
Chapter 13: Pollution Control Policy
... Climate engineering entails methods such as directly removing CO2 from the air or using airborne particles to reflect some sunlight back into space. ...
... Climate engineering entails methods such as directly removing CO2 from the air or using airborne particles to reflect some sunlight back into space. ...
Bright et al _GCB Invited Review_v4
... an existing land use type (i.e., conversion of hardwood to softwood forest; addition of ...
... an existing land use type (i.e., conversion of hardwood to softwood forest; addition of ...
Climate Change Adaptation Toolkit (PDF File 1.9 MB)
... 2. Identify and describe the risk 3. Analyse the risk 4. Evaluate the risk 5. Decide on the treatment. The risk assessment process using the ISO 31000 methodology will produce a list of risks that have been prioritised based on a risk matrix using likelihood and consequence criteria. The criteria sh ...
... 2. Identify and describe the risk 3. Analyse the risk 4. Evaluate the risk 5. Decide on the treatment. The risk assessment process using the ISO 31000 methodology will produce a list of risks that have been prioritised based on a risk matrix using likelihood and consequence criteria. The criteria sh ...
Barriers to Municipal Climate Adaptation: Examples From Coastal
... how policy ideas in general, and specific climate adaptation practices in particular, may travel and implant across a region (Pitt & Bassett, 2013). Although we focus on municipal planners, we recognize that adaptation involves collaboration across a variety of governmental and nongovernmental actor ...
... how policy ideas in general, and specific climate adaptation practices in particular, may travel and implant across a region (Pitt & Bassett, 2013). Although we focus on municipal planners, we recognize that adaptation involves collaboration across a variety of governmental and nongovernmental actor ...
Future climate change projections for the Latin American region
... long-term increase in tropical cyclone activity is robust, after accounting for past changes in observing capabilities. In other regions, such as the Amazon region, insufficient evidence, inconsistencies among studies and detected trends result in low confidence of observed rainfall trends. In Cent ...
... long-term increase in tropical cyclone activity is robust, after accounting for past changes in observing capabilities. In other regions, such as the Amazon region, insufficient evidence, inconsistencies among studies and detected trends result in low confidence of observed rainfall trends. In Cent ...
Towards threshold-based management of freshwater ecosystems in
... Some species that are exposed to warmer temperatures for longer periods will show biochemical variations at the cellular level. Heatwaves, which are likely to increase in severity due to the changing climate (Schar et al., 2004), may influence freshwater gastropods and mussels by affecting the releas ...
... Some species that are exposed to warmer temperatures for longer periods will show biochemical variations at the cellular level. Heatwaves, which are likely to increase in severity due to the changing climate (Schar et al., 2004), may influence freshwater gastropods and mussels by affecting the releas ...
Climate Change, Natural Hazards and Cities
... Moreover, it is important to explore the impact that a changing climate will have on natural hazards that our cities face. A central question for this report is – are disaster-generating events, those trigger events, likely to increase in number and intensity as a result of climate change? Over the ...
... Moreover, it is important to explore the impact that a changing climate will have on natural hazards that our cities face. A central question for this report is – are disaster-generating events, those trigger events, likely to increase in number and intensity as a result of climate change? Over the ...
Does global climate change affect air pollution in Illinois?
... effects from each other to be certain that observed changes are due to ozone and not to changes in other pollutants. A 2016 working paper addresses these challenges in several ways.7 First, the research team employs variation in air pollution due to changes in local wind patterns, which are unlikely ...
... effects from each other to be certain that observed changes are due to ozone and not to changes in other pollutants. A 2016 working paper addresses these challenges in several ways.7 First, the research team employs variation in air pollution due to changes in local wind patterns, which are unlikely ...
How Environmental And Climate Risks Factor Into Global Corporate
... Government mandates can accelerate this trend (and are already doing so in many areas, especially the U.S.), and subsidies to promote certain environmental policies can bolster demand for specific asset types (including gas-fired resources, renewables such as wind and solar, and distributed generati ...
... Government mandates can accelerate this trend (and are already doing so in many areas, especially the U.S.), and subsidies to promote certain environmental policies can bolster demand for specific asset types (including gas-fired resources, renewables such as wind and solar, and distributed generati ...
The Role of Protected Areas in Regard to Climate Change
... Climate change processes in Georgia have become noticeable since the 1960s and they intensified since the 1990s. Based on average statistical values of weather stations in Western and Eastern Georgia separately, annual temperature increased in both parts of Georgia, annual sum precipitation in Easte ...
... Climate change processes in Georgia have become noticeable since the 1960s and they intensified since the 1990s. Based on average statistical values of weather stations in Western and Eastern Georgia separately, annual temperature increased in both parts of Georgia, annual sum precipitation in Easte ...
2A.3 APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT WEATHER PATTERN
... decrease is likely to exceed 1.1 and 1.4 mm/day for B2 and B2 scenario, respectively). This circulation type showing a strong zonal/cyclonic isobar structure in Fig. 1, was the wettest one in Hungary during the reference period (1961-1990). However, circulation patterns associated with past dry summ ...
... decrease is likely to exceed 1.1 and 1.4 mm/day for B2 and B2 scenario, respectively). This circulation type showing a strong zonal/cyclonic isobar structure in Fig. 1, was the wettest one in Hungary during the reference period (1961-1990). However, circulation patterns associated with past dry summ ...
Long-term macroinvertebrate responses to climate change
... continued applicability for examining water quality under future climate change scenarios. However, it also suggests that they likely will not be good indicators for detecting climate-change effects. The impacts of climate change in Mediterranean-climate streams can be effectively monitored within t ...
... continued applicability for examining water quality under future climate change scenarios. However, it also suggests that they likely will not be good indicators for detecting climate-change effects. The impacts of climate change in Mediterranean-climate streams can be effectively monitored within t ...
Ontario`s Climate Change Strategy
... Climate change is a matter of concern to Ontarians — individuals, environmentalists, scientists, organizations, industry, governments and so many others have taken small and large steps over many years to help reduce Ontario’s impact. Ontario’s climate change conversation is an ongoing one. In Febru ...
... Climate change is a matter of concern to Ontarians — individuals, environmentalists, scientists, organizations, industry, governments and so many others have taken small and large steps over many years to help reduce Ontario’s impact. Ontario’s climate change conversation is an ongoing one. In Febru ...
ontario`s climate change
... Climate change is a matter of concern to Ontarians — individuals, environmentalists, scientists, organizations, industry, governments and so many others have taken small and large steps over many years to help reduce Ontario’s impact. Ontario’s climate change conversation is an ongoing one. In Febru ...
... Climate change is a matter of concern to Ontarians — individuals, environmentalists, scientists, organizations, industry, governments and so many others have taken small and large steps over many years to help reduce Ontario’s impact. Ontario’s climate change conversation is an ongoing one. In Febru ...
Kelsey Lahr | University of Utah
... Climate Change Communication, Local Knowledge, and Sense of Place Among scientific communities, anthropogenic climate change has been accepted widely as a verifiable phenomenon with already observable impacts (Banning, 2009; Ceccarelli, 2011; Gonzalez, 2011; Hamblyn, 2009; IPCC, 2014). However, as a ...
... Climate Change Communication, Local Knowledge, and Sense of Place Among scientific communities, anthropogenic climate change has been accepted widely as a verifiable phenomenon with already observable impacts (Banning, 2009; Ceccarelli, 2011; Gonzalez, 2011; Hamblyn, 2009; IPCC, 2014). However, as a ...
Contending Modes of Climate Change Knowledge
... associated with the self-proclaimed “skeptics”, who, for various reasons question the importance of dealing with climate change as opposed to other issues, and have actively challenged the dominant position, primarily by questioning the truth value of the scientific knowledge claims that have been m ...
... associated with the self-proclaimed “skeptics”, who, for various reasons question the importance of dealing with climate change as opposed to other issues, and have actively challenged the dominant position, primarily by questioning the truth value of the scientific knowledge claims that have been m ...
Mainstreaming Early Warning Systems in Development
... drought and desertification, a different kind of sustainable hydrometeorological EWS is required to monitor slow onset, incremental but accumulative changes, for example, creeping environmental change (Glantz 1999). Climate change-driven forecasts under alternate scenarios, or representative concent ...
... drought and desertification, a different kind of sustainable hydrometeorological EWS is required to monitor slow onset, incremental but accumulative changes, for example, creeping environmental change (Glantz 1999). Climate change-driven forecasts under alternate scenarios, or representative concent ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.