Origin of agriculture and domestication of plants and animals linked
... to abandon a hunting and gathering lifestyle and take up agriculture is not that clear. Experiments suggest that it was most likely because of the more energy required for hunting and gathering, than for agricultural practices to obtain the same calories of food energy (e.g. MacDonald10, p. 357). Th ...
... to abandon a hunting and gathering lifestyle and take up agriculture is not that clear. Experiments suggest that it was most likely because of the more energy required for hunting and gathering, than for agricultural practices to obtain the same calories of food energy (e.g. MacDonald10, p. 357). Th ...
Submission DR134 - Chairman of the Australian Building Codes
... The ABCB Climate Adaptation Report contains other recommendations for possible adaptation measures for other climate risks. These will be considered in the context of the ABCB’s annual work plan as discussed below. Whatever the emission scenario, climate change impacts both at a regional level in Au ...
... The ABCB Climate Adaptation Report contains other recommendations for possible adaptation measures for other climate risks. These will be considered in the context of the ABCB’s annual work plan as discussed below. Whatever the emission scenario, climate change impacts both at a regional level in Au ...
Global temperature change 2006;103;14288-14293; originally published online Sep 25, 2006;
... same up to 2000, so the different responses provide one measure of unforced variability in the model. Because of this chaotic variability, a 17-year period is too brief for precise assessment of model predictions, but distinction among scenarios and comparison with the real world will become clearer ...
... same up to 2000, so the different responses provide one measure of unforced variability in the model. Because of this chaotic variability, a 17-year period is too brief for precise assessment of model predictions, but distinction among scenarios and comparison with the real world will become clearer ...
Download country chapter
... as China into the UNFCCC process and the establishment of a second commitment period for the Kyoto Protocol. It is also extremely vocal about the need for developed countries to support less developed countries to fund adaptation projects. As well as specific actions to encourage mitigation and adap ...
... as China into the UNFCCC process and the establishment of a second commitment period for the Kyoto Protocol. It is also extremely vocal about the need for developed countries to support less developed countries to fund adaptation projects. As well as specific actions to encourage mitigation and adap ...
IFC Definitions and Metrics for Climate
... while avoiding inadvertent increases in vulnerability of systems or social groups, and avoiding placing assets or systems in harm’s way. It follows from the definition of adaptation that good development in and of itself often contributes to adaptation. To avoid mislabeling of all development activi ...
... while avoiding inadvertent increases in vulnerability of systems or social groups, and avoiding placing assets or systems in harm’s way. It follows from the definition of adaptation that good development in and of itself often contributes to adaptation. To avoid mislabeling of all development activi ...
the economics of climate change the economics of
... varying degrees of seriousness- on commerce and tourism and, of course, at the top of the list, serious effects on public health, for example as a result of heat stroke or vector-borne diseases. For the Government of President Felipe Calderón Hinojosa, the harmful effects of anthropogenic climate ch ...
... varying degrees of seriousness- on commerce and tourism and, of course, at the top of the list, serious effects on public health, for example as a result of heat stroke or vector-borne diseases. For the Government of President Felipe Calderón Hinojosa, the harmful effects of anthropogenic climate ch ...
Kyoto Protocol - Earth and Architecture
... non-Annex I Parties) are mostly low-income developing countries, and may participate in the Kyoto Protocol through the Clean Development Mechanism. The emissions limitations of Annex I Parties varies between different Parties. Some Parties have emissions limitations reduce below the base year level, ...
... non-Annex I Parties) are mostly low-income developing countries, and may participate in the Kyoto Protocol through the Clean Development Mechanism. The emissions limitations of Annex I Parties varies between different Parties. Some Parties have emissions limitations reduce below the base year level, ...
Rose and Rayborn, "The effects of ocean heat uptake on transient
... many types of climate models, and is generally a good ...
... many types of climate models, and is generally a good ...
Introduction: Humidity and Climate Change
... Over land there is little in the way of metadata (data providing information about the station, instrument and observing practices) and so statistical methods must be utilised to detect and adjust for artificial discontinuities in individual station records (homogenisation). However, where available ...
... Over land there is little in the way of metadata (data providing information about the station, instrument and observing practices) and so statistical methods must be utilised to detect and adjust for artificial discontinuities in individual station records (homogenisation). However, where available ...
Understanding By Design Unit Template
... dioxide produced by human activities. In their research, students should integrate and evaluate multiple sources of information and verify data when possible. Students could then design a solution to decrease the amount of carbon dioxide added by human activity. The design process may need to be bro ...
... dioxide produced by human activities. In their research, students should integrate and evaluate multiple sources of information and verify data when possible. Students could then design a solution to decrease the amount of carbon dioxide added by human activity. The design process may need to be bro ...
4_4_Human_health_revised_checked - Eionet Forum
... collection, analysis and future scenarios. Data availability — the case of databases for natural disasters Currently, worldwide databases for natural disasters, such as EM-DAT/CRED (6), the Dartmouth Flood Observatory (7) (DFO), or NatCatSERVICE of Munich RE (8) are available for Europe-wide studies ...
... collection, analysis and future scenarios. Data availability — the case of databases for natural disasters Currently, worldwide databases for natural disasters, such as EM-DAT/CRED (6), the Dartmouth Flood Observatory (7) (DFO), or NatCatSERVICE of Munich RE (8) are available for Europe-wide studies ...
Making Climate Data Relevant to Decision Making:
... Section 1: Introduction and Executive Summary Throughout the world, there is a major need for climate change science to inform on-the-ground adaptation planning. However, a big gap exists between the well-developed state of climate science and decision-makers preparing for a future climate. There i ...
... Section 1: Introduction and Executive Summary Throughout the world, there is a major need for climate change science to inform on-the-ground adaptation planning. However, a big gap exists between the well-developed state of climate science and decision-makers preparing for a future climate. There i ...
Inequality, communication and the avoidance of disastrous climate change: Working Paper 34 (1 MB) (opens in new window)
... a pledge and review system of voluntary emission reduction commitments for 2020 (19 ). Can such a simple mechanism of communicating intentions be effective to enhance coordination? Optimism from reaching a global agreement following Cancun is shadowed by concerns over implementation and particularl ...
... a pledge and review system of voluntary emission reduction commitments for 2020 (19 ). Can such a simple mechanism of communicating intentions be effective to enhance coordination? Optimism from reaching a global agreement following Cancun is shadowed by concerns over implementation and particularl ...
05.04 Air Quality - Cambria Community Services District
... a toxic air contaminant, but determined that there was not sufficient available scientific evidence to support the identification of a threshold exposure level. This action allows the implementation of health-protective control measures at levels below the 0.010 ppm ambient concentration specified i ...
... a toxic air contaminant, but determined that there was not sufficient available scientific evidence to support the identification of a threshold exposure level. This action allows the implementation of health-protective control measures at levels below the 0.010 ppm ambient concentration specified i ...
Poverty and climate change: assessing impacts in developing
... adaptation, and vulnerability, predicts an average global temperature increase of 13.5ºC over the next 100 years. Taken by itself this small aggregate temperature change has little meaning, however there is general concern over how climate change will affect the frequency of extreme weather events a ...
... adaptation, and vulnerability, predicts an average global temperature increase of 13.5ºC over the next 100 years. Taken by itself this small aggregate temperature change has little meaning, however there is general concern over how climate change will affect the frequency of extreme weather events a ...
Proposal for funding for the Preparation of
... out the considerable overlaps between global environmental objectives and local sustain able development objectives, and the possibilities for win-win projects, which could both improve livelihoods and reduce GHG emissions. Among the tangible outputs of the project is the country’s Draft National Ac ...
... out the considerable overlaps between global environmental objectives and local sustain able development objectives, and the possibilities for win-win projects, which could both improve livelihoods and reduce GHG emissions. Among the tangible outputs of the project is the country’s Draft National Ac ...
- Ontario Climate Change Data Portal
... been mostly focused on the application of a single technique (either dynamical or statistical downscaling) for climate change impact studies. One interesting question to be answered is whether or not the downscaled projections can be improved by coupling these two techniques into a general framework ...
... been mostly focused on the application of a single technique (either dynamical or statistical downscaling) for climate change impact studies. One interesting question to be answered is whether or not the downscaled projections can be improved by coupling these two techniques into a general framework ...
Business Plan - Central Victorian Greenhouse Alliance
... without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequences which may arise from you relying on information in this publication. ...
... without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequences which may arise from you relying on information in this publication. ...
2015 Conference Schedule
... Inspired by Dr. Vandana Shiva’s book, Soil Not Oil; Environmental Justice in an Age of Climate Justice, this conference has been organized by the people for the people. With the help of hundreds of individuals, organizations and sponsors, offering ideas, promotion, hands-on involvement and support w ...
... Inspired by Dr. Vandana Shiva’s book, Soil Not Oil; Environmental Justice in an Age of Climate Justice, this conference has been organized by the people for the people. With the help of hundreds of individuals, organizations and sponsors, offering ideas, promotion, hands-on involvement and support w ...
Climate Change, Federalism, and the Constitution
... Climate change is a global problem. There can be little doubt about its seriousness and the challenges it poses for our society. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) 2007 report explains the scientific consensus that concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG) “have increased markedly ...
... Climate change is a global problem. There can be little doubt about its seriousness and the challenges it poses for our society. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) 2007 report explains the scientific consensus that concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG) “have increased markedly ...
Biological Impacts of Climate Change
... enormous for all peoples. To facilitate reaching a global scientific consensus, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was formed, whose Third Assessment Report (IPCC 2001a) involved more than 1200 scientists from diverse disciplines. The consensus among the more than 200 climate exper ...
... enormous for all peoples. To facilitate reaching a global scientific consensus, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was formed, whose Third Assessment Report (IPCC 2001a) involved more than 1200 scientists from diverse disciplines. The consensus among the more than 200 climate exper ...
CC Equity SDS- An Urban Perspective Forthcoming
... when it was recognized that countries that historically have contributed least to global warming might be impacted the most by climate change in the future [11, 22]—although it is now recognized that impacts are also increasing in high-income countries due to, e.g., supply chain interdependencies [2 ...
... when it was recognized that countries that historically have contributed least to global warming might be impacted the most by climate change in the future [11, 22]—although it is now recognized that impacts are also increasing in high-income countries due to, e.g., supply chain interdependencies [2 ...
Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems
... Humans influence climate primarily through fossil-fuel, industrial, agricultural, and other landuse emissions that alter atmospheric composition. Long-lived, heat-trapping greenhouse gases (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas short ...
... Humans influence climate primarily through fossil-fuel, industrial, agricultural, and other landuse emissions that alter atmospheric composition. Long-lived, heat-trapping greenhouse gases (CO2 , CH4 , N2 O, tropospheric ozone, and chlorofluorocarbons) warm the planet’s surface globally, whereas short ...
Beyond generic adaptive capacity: exploring the adaptation space of
... organization to consider changing its routines and adapt, it needs to be aware of climate change signals and interpret these as significant and in need of a response (Daft and Weick 2000). This awareness opens up a search for possible changes which are articulated and evaluated under the assumption ...
... organization to consider changing its routines and adapt, it needs to be aware of climate change signals and interpret these as significant and in need of a response (Daft and Weick 2000). This awareness opens up a search for possible changes which are articulated and evaluated under the assumption ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.