Simulating tick distributions over sub-Saharan Africa: the use
... The principal sources of climate data used for predictive distribution modelling are climate surfaces, generated by interpolating observed climate data that were sampled at varying intensities from across a region. Consequently, any differences between these climate surfaces can usually be attribute ...
... The principal sources of climate data used for predictive distribution modelling are climate surfaces, generated by interpolating observed climate data that were sampled at varying intensities from across a region. Consequently, any differences between these climate surfaces can usually be attribute ...
How The Wall Street Journal Opinion Section
... A 2012 report found88 that 81 percent of the representations of climate science in the Wall Street Journal’s opinion section were misleading (39 out of 48 instances.) Another independent assessment comes from the online Scientific Trust Tracker, where climate scientists have rated four op-eds89 publ ...
... A 2012 report found88 that 81 percent of the representations of climate science in the Wall Street Journal’s opinion section were misleading (39 out of 48 instances.) Another independent assessment comes from the online Scientific Trust Tracker, where climate scientists have rated four op-eds89 publ ...
Planning for Climate Change
... Friends of the Earth have produced a separate guide for community planning and climate change. The guidance set out here updates the Planning and Climate Change Coalition guide published in 2010, which itself was based on the draft Planning Policy Statement on climate and energy, Planning for a Low ...
... Friends of the Earth have produced a separate guide for community planning and climate change. The guidance set out here updates the Planning and Climate Change Coalition guide published in 2010, which itself was based on the draft Planning Policy Statement on climate and energy, Planning for a Low ...
PDF
... Climate change refers to change in climate attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural variability observed over comparable time periods (IPCC, 2001). People in developing countries are subject to a vari ...
... Climate change refers to change in climate attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural variability observed over comparable time periods (IPCC, 2001). People in developing countries are subject to a vari ...
Linkages Between Climate Change and Biodiversity in New Zealand
... It has become ever clearer that the global climate changed significantly during last century, warming by 0.60 ± 0.06o C between 1900 and 2000, and that the most likely explanation for this change is increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, in particular carbon dioxide, methane, an ...
... It has become ever clearer that the global climate changed significantly during last century, warming by 0.60 ± 0.06o C between 1900 and 2000, and that the most likely explanation for this change is increasing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, in particular carbon dioxide, methane, an ...
Policy Update on 2°C Warming
... critical question is therefore how much Europe warms under a global 2 degrees scenario, and whether individual countries will experience more or less warming. Similar issues also arise with respect to other key climate metrics, notably precipitation. To answer this question, the IMPACT2C project (Va ...
... critical question is therefore how much Europe warms under a global 2 degrees scenario, and whether individual countries will experience more or less warming. Similar issues also arise with respect to other key climate metrics, notably precipitation. To answer this question, the IMPACT2C project (Va ...
"Climate Change and Agriculture: Agriculture's Role in Cap-and-Trade"
... Improving our Agricultural Policies: C&T is Transitional, Transformational Agricultural emissions reductions are a lowcost, high-impact, readily available means of near-term, transitional GHG reductions (2) Cap-and-trade can incentivize good agricultural practices, policies: devil will be in the de ...
... Improving our Agricultural Policies: C&T is Transitional, Transformational Agricultural emissions reductions are a lowcost, high-impact, readily available means of near-term, transitional GHG reductions (2) Cap-and-trade can incentivize good agricultural practices, policies: devil will be in the de ...
promoting the goal of sustainable development
... • How does the new guidance complement existing practice on environmental reporting? • Post Climate Change Act, and UK annual carbon budget will the emerging mix of standards, policy, guidance and regulation lead to the required reductions in GHG emissions? • If there are any ‘gaps’ in the developin ...
... • How does the new guidance complement existing practice on environmental reporting? • Post Climate Change Act, and UK annual carbon budget will the emerging mix of standards, policy, guidance and regulation lead to the required reductions in GHG emissions? • If there are any ‘gaps’ in the developin ...
Meeting Carbon Budgets – Implications of Brexit for UK climate policy
... The UK, as part of its contribution to international efforts, has made its own commitments to tackling climate change and set these in domestic legislation. The 2008 Climate Change Act sets carbon budgets that require steady progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, taking into account a range ...
... The UK, as part of its contribution to international efforts, has made its own commitments to tackling climate change and set these in domestic legislation. The 2008 Climate Change Act sets carbon budgets that require steady progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, taking into account a range ...
T M Target Atmospheric Greenhouse Gas Concentrations
... excess forcing is limited soon. Pre-Industrial Revolution atmospheric CO2 concentrations were 280 ppm (IPCC, 2007c). The already occurring climate impacts indicate that the current 387 ppm CO2 concentration is already deleterious and a unprecedented threat to the planet on which civilization develop ...
... excess forcing is limited soon. Pre-Industrial Revolution atmospheric CO2 concentrations were 280 ppm (IPCC, 2007c). The already occurring climate impacts indicate that the current 387 ppm CO2 concentration is already deleterious and a unprecedented threat to the planet on which civilization develop ...
Climate change and urbanization: effects and implications for urban
... that the numbers will increase under all the climate change-scenarios (Nicholls, 2004). The problems with coastal flooding will obviously be much more serious if certain potentially catastrophic events whose probability is uncertain were to happen – for instance the accelerated melting of Greenland’ ...
... that the numbers will increase under all the climate change-scenarios (Nicholls, 2004). The problems with coastal flooding will obviously be much more serious if certain potentially catastrophic events whose probability is uncertain were to happen – for instance the accelerated melting of Greenland’ ...
Fisheries, aquaculture and climate change
... 80% of heat added to the climate system; temperature increases are also being detected as deep as 3000 m. Increasing water temperature and associated thermal expansion accounts for 57% of the global average sea level rise of 1.8 mm per year between 1961 and 2003; a further 28% of the rise is attribu ...
... 80% of heat added to the climate system; temperature increases are also being detected as deep as 3000 m. Increasing water temperature and associated thermal expansion accounts for 57% of the global average sea level rise of 1.8 mm per year between 1961 and 2003; a further 28% of the rise is attribu ...
Non-CO2 greenhouse gases and climate change
... anthropogenic emissions of CO2 contribute most to GHGinduced warming, several other gases, such as methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), ozone-depleting substances (ODSs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs), also affect climate for decades to millennia af ...
... anthropogenic emissions of CO2 contribute most to GHGinduced warming, several other gases, such as methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), ozone-depleting substances (ODSs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and perfluorocarbons (PFCs), also affect climate for decades to millennia af ...
Document
... •Assessment of progress made and of the processes implemented for the reduction of vulnerability and the strengthening of resilience to risks caused by natural and other hazards. ...
... •Assessment of progress made and of the processes implemented for the reduction of vulnerability and the strengthening of resilience to risks caused by natural and other hazards. ...
By the Numbers: Canadian GHG Emissions
... a selection of other countries. We then disaggregate Canadian emissions by province and look at the targets that different provinces have set for 2020 and 2030. We hope that this analysis will help provide both a common understanding of the current situation and a firm foundation for tackling the ch ...
... a selection of other countries. We then disaggregate Canadian emissions by province and look at the targets that different provinces have set for 2020 and 2030. We hope that this analysis will help provide both a common understanding of the current situation and a firm foundation for tackling the ch ...
Paper on Enforcement with regard to the Adaptation to Climate
... At this moment, reporting at EU level of information on climate action takes place under Decisions 280/2004/EC4 and 2005/166/EC5, commonly known as the Monitoring Mechanism Decision or ‘MMD’. The MMD aims, inter alia, to ensure timely, accurate, complete, consistent, comparable and transparent (‘TAC ...
... At this moment, reporting at EU level of information on climate action takes place under Decisions 280/2004/EC4 and 2005/166/EC5, commonly known as the Monitoring Mechanism Decision or ‘MMD’. The MMD aims, inter alia, to ensure timely, accurate, complete, consistent, comparable and transparent (‘TAC ...
SoE 08 Part 4.1 Atmos - Commissioner for Environmental
... measures will continue well beyond the release of this report. The commentary in this report should be viewed, therefore, as part of a dynamic pattern of governmental, industry amd community effort which has a long way to go. Adaptation to climate change as a policy is necessary to cope with the cha ...
... measures will continue well beyond the release of this report. The commentary in this report should be viewed, therefore, as part of a dynamic pattern of governmental, industry amd community effort which has a long way to go. Adaptation to climate change as a policy is necessary to cope with the cha ...
Marine Science
... higher latitudes, presumably in response to warming (Table 1; e.g. Beare et al., 2004; Perry et al., 2005), there is less evidence of contraction of ranges of boreal species (Genner et al., 2004; Rijnsdorp et al., 2010). The distributional changes may be the result of either active migration of livi ...
... higher latitudes, presumably in response to warming (Table 1; e.g. Beare et al., 2004; Perry et al., 2005), there is less evidence of contraction of ranges of boreal species (Genner et al., 2004; Rijnsdorp et al., 2010). The distributional changes may be the result of either active migration of livi ...
(2003) Weed Management Guide: Orange Hawkweed (Hieracium
... complement global analyses and provide fine-scale projections of suitable climate for current and future (2070-2099) conditions at the regional scale. Changing climatic conditions may reduce the suitability for some invasive species and improve it for others. Invasive species with distributions stro ...
... complement global analyses and provide fine-scale projections of suitable climate for current and future (2070-2099) conditions at the regional scale. Changing climatic conditions may reduce the suitability for some invasive species and improve it for others. Invasive species with distributions stro ...
International Climate Technology Strategies The Harvard Project on International Climate Agreements
... There is widespread agreement that achieving the very substantial reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions necessary to stabilize GHG concentrations at 450 to 750 parts per million (ppm) would require innovation and large-scale adoption of GHG-reducing technologies throughout the global energy s ...
... There is widespread agreement that achieving the very substantial reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions necessary to stabilize GHG concentrations at 450 to 750 parts per million (ppm) would require innovation and large-scale adoption of GHG-reducing technologies throughout the global energy s ...
FAQs - A Convention For Persons Displaced By Climate Change
... adequately provides for CCDPs. There has been no coordinated response by governments to address human displacement, whether domestic or international, temporary or permanent, due to climate change. And given the ...
... adequately provides for CCDPs. There has been no coordinated response by governments to address human displacement, whether domestic or international, temporary or permanent, due to climate change. And given the ...
Full-Text PDF
... temperatures lead to increased evaporation rates, reductions in streamflow and more frequent droughts [4,5,10]. All these studies indicate that catchment processes may be very sensitive to changes in temperature, rainfall and higher concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere. In Europe, most of the inv ...
... temperatures lead to increased evaporation rates, reductions in streamflow and more frequent droughts [4,5,10]. All these studies indicate that catchment processes may be very sensitive to changes in temperature, rainfall and higher concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere. In Europe, most of the inv ...
Marine Science - Climate
... prompted the formation of integrated interdisciplinary research partnerships to quantify these impacts in many regions throughout the world (Figure 1; Barange et al., 2011; Wiese et al., 2012). Several international organizations [e.g. the International Council for Exploration of the Sea (ICES), the ...
... prompted the formation of integrated interdisciplinary research partnerships to quantify these impacts in many regions throughout the world (Figure 1; Barange et al., 2011; Wiese et al., 2012). Several international organizations [e.g. the International Council for Exploration of the Sea (ICES), the ...
document - OurEnergyPolicy.org
... rates of return is enormous, leading to much debate and confusion about what risk-adjusted discount rates should be used for a particular public project. As this paper will show, the consequences of how these two prototype rates are combined can be spectacularly important for very long term CBA appl ...
... rates of return is enormous, leading to much debate and confusion about what risk-adjusted discount rates should be used for a particular public project. As this paper will show, the consequences of how these two prototype rates are combined can be spectacularly important for very long term CBA appl ...
Slide 1
... with the unprecedented, legally enforced ambition of limiting and reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. – Annex-I countries have a target to bring down the GHG emission, individually or jointly, by at least by 5%below 1990 levels in the first commitment period of 2008 to 2012. – Countries are to ma ...
... with the unprecedented, legally enforced ambition of limiting and reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. – Annex-I countries have a target to bring down the GHG emission, individually or jointly, by at least by 5%below 1990 levels in the first commitment period of 2008 to 2012. – Countries are to ma ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.