Massachusetts Climate Protection Plan
... There is growing scientific concern regarding the contribution of human activity to climate change. For example, the IPCC states in its Third Assessment Report that “there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the past 50 years is attributable to human activities.” The ...
... There is growing scientific concern regarding the contribution of human activity to climate change. For example, the IPCC states in its Third Assessment Report that “there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the past 50 years is attributable to human activities.” The ...
Briefing_note_on_legal_synergies
... specific GHGs as long as their total emission reductions contribute, in a fair and ambitious way, towards the overall objective of globally achieving stabilization of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The UNFCCC, therefore, puts in place ...
... specific GHGs as long as their total emission reductions contribute, in a fair and ambitious way, towards the overall objective of globally achieving stabilization of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The UNFCCC, therefore, puts in place ...
Long-term natural variability and 20th century climate change
... ratio of inter-decadal to inter-annual variability, in keeping with our desire to understand the decadal-to-century scale variability in the global mean surface temperatures. Prior results suggest the leading linear discriminant RASST contains the bulk of the anthropogenic forced climate signal (a m ...
... ratio of inter-decadal to inter-annual variability, in keeping with our desire to understand the decadal-to-century scale variability in the global mean surface temperatures. Prior results suggest the leading linear discriminant RASST contains the bulk of the anthropogenic forced climate signal (a m ...
Eye on the taiga: removing global policy impediments to
... broad inclusion of forests in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (the Kyoto Protocol) and climate policy framework could provide a trigger for enhancing national level action to build forest-based resources and protect them from the effects of climate change. Boreal forests ar ...
... broad inclusion of forests in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (the Kyoto Protocol) and climate policy framework could provide a trigger for enhancing national level action to build forest-based resources and protect them from the effects of climate change. Boreal forests ar ...
Briefing_note_on_legal_synergies
... specific GHGs as long as their total emission reductions contribute, in a fair and ambitious way, towards the overall objective of globally achieving stabilization of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The UNFCCC, therefore, puts in place ...
... specific GHGs as long as their total emission reductions contribute, in a fair and ambitious way, towards the overall objective of globally achieving stabilization of GHGs at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The UNFCCC, therefore, puts in place ...
Climate Change in the US Northeast
... with those expected due to increasing levels of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere. These gases are released by the burning of fossil fuels and other human activities. This study draws on recent advances in climate modeling to assess how global warming may further affect ...
... with those expected due to increasing levels of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere. These gases are released by the burning of fossil fuels and other human activities. This study draws on recent advances in climate modeling to assess how global warming may further affect ...
PDF
... temperature will rise within a range of 2.3 to 3.3 degree Celsius in China (The Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, 2007). The economic cost of the expected climatic change and climate extremes will be huge, considering that onefifth of the world's population are li ...
... temperature will rise within a range of 2.3 to 3.3 degree Celsius in China (The Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China, 2007). The economic cost of the expected climatic change and climate extremes will be huge, considering that onefifth of the world's population are li ...
PDF
... affects the poorest and most food insecure through a combination of decreasing crop production, and changes in the frequency and intensity of climate-related hazards, all of which can result in more humanitarian and food security crises. Climate change affects the different dimensions of food securi ...
... affects the poorest and most food insecure through a combination of decreasing crop production, and changes in the frequency and intensity of climate-related hazards, all of which can result in more humanitarian and food security crises. Climate change affects the different dimensions of food securi ...
Have the Tropical Pacific Ocean-Atmosphere Interactions
... ENSO variability was conducted by examining fossil corals. Tudhope et al. (2001) used fossil massive Porites corals of eight different ages from Huon, Papua New Guinea (Fig. 1), to investigate annual variability in ENSO during the last glacial-interglacial cycle. Coral skeletal δ18O value is a good ...
... ENSO variability was conducted by examining fossil corals. Tudhope et al. (2001) used fossil massive Porites corals of eight different ages from Huon, Papua New Guinea (Fig. 1), to investigate annual variability in ENSO during the last glacial-interglacial cycle. Coral skeletal δ18O value is a good ...
THE PLEDGE PROJECT Overview - Red Cross Red Crescent
... Project wanted to achieve three objectives that are encapsulated in the words knowledge, action and capacity. Knowledge means people learn about climate change and variability and their impact on human well-being. This includes knowledge of long-term climate trends and phenomena such as El Niño and ...
... Project wanted to achieve three objectives that are encapsulated in the words knowledge, action and capacity. Knowledge means people learn about climate change and variability and their impact on human well-being. This includes knowledge of long-term climate trends and phenomena such as El Niño and ...
10. Adaptive Management Framework - Weconnect
... timeframes and geographic scales to help target the different types of decision-maker. Adaptive management has its roots in evaluation, with an added emphasis on what will be done about what is learnt from the evaluation. The aim of the adaptive management framework is to ready or prepare for the un ...
... timeframes and geographic scales to help target the different types of decision-maker. Adaptive management has its roots in evaluation, with an added emphasis on what will be done about what is learnt from the evaluation. The aim of the adaptive management framework is to ready or prepare for the un ...
Feeling the Heat - Development and Peace
... Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing our world today. The people who are doing least to cause it are suffering the most. Those with the power to address it, including our leaders here in Canada, have so far failed us. Canadians have one of the highest carbon footprints in the worl ...
... Climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing our world today. The people who are doing least to cause it are suffering the most. Those with the power to address it, including our leaders here in Canada, have so far failed us. Canadians have one of the highest carbon footprints in the worl ...
Eye on the Taiga: Removing Global Policy Impediments to
... broad inclusion of forests in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (the Kyoto Protocol) and climate policy framework could provide a trigger for enhancing national level action to build forest-based resources and protect them from the effects of climate change. Boreal forests ar ...
... broad inclusion of forests in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (the Kyoto Protocol) and climate policy framework could provide a trigger for enhancing national level action to build forest-based resources and protect them from the effects of climate change. Boreal forests ar ...
Insights from the ocean carbon cycle
... El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most prominent source of natural variability in the global climate system on interannual timescales, causing anomalies in winds, rainfall, circulation, thermocline depth, and biological productivity [Fiedler, 2002]. Further, it is the major driver of inter ...
... El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most prominent source of natural variability in the global climate system on interannual timescales, causing anomalies in winds, rainfall, circulation, thermocline depth, and biological productivity [Fiedler, 2002]. Further, it is the major driver of inter ...
PDF
... who claim the need of robust science favouring more scientific research over policy actions, to the one of Yohe et al. (2004), who argue that uncertainty provides a reason to take specific policy action on the near term. Between these two positions there are a range of views about the implications o ...
... who claim the need of robust science favouring more scientific research over policy actions, to the one of Yohe et al. (2004), who argue that uncertainty provides a reason to take specific policy action on the near term. Between these two positions there are a range of views about the implications o ...
Climate-human-environment interactions: resolving our past
... At least to some extent, the functioning of modern landscapes and the trajectory of the future may be directly contingent on the past (Foster et al., 2003) – but how far back in time? Reviews of environmental changes over the last 250 years (e.g. Steffen et al., 2004) offer powerful images of recent ...
... At least to some extent, the functioning of modern landscapes and the trajectory of the future may be directly contingent on the past (Foster et al., 2003) – but how far back in time? Reviews of environmental changes over the last 250 years (e.g. Steffen et al., 2004) offer powerful images of recent ...
Climate Change Projections over India by a
... sulphur cycle, clouds and precipitation, radiative processes, boundary conditions, initial conditions at the limits of the model domain, have been described in detail by Jones et al. (2004). In our study, a series of controlled sensitivity experiments were being carried out in order to determine the ...
... sulphur cycle, clouds and precipitation, radiative processes, boundary conditions, initial conditions at the limits of the model domain, have been described in detail by Jones et al. (2004). In our study, a series of controlled sensitivity experiments were being carried out in order to determine the ...
Municipal Climate Change Action Plan Guidebook
... Planning for climate change helps to make decisions more cost-effective and also helps to guard against unforeseen and burdensome costs. This approach is in direct opposition to reactive policies and actions that attempt to minimize ...
... Planning for climate change helps to make decisions more cost-effective and also helps to guard against unforeseen and burdensome costs. This approach is in direct opposition to reactive policies and actions that attempt to minimize ...
Investigation - Earthjustice
... was warming and found that “[t]here is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.”3 A key U.S. report was prepared by the National Academy of Sciences in June 2001. In the opening paragraph of its report, the National Acade ...
... was warming and found that “[t]here is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities.”3 A key U.S. report was prepared by the National Academy of Sciences in June 2001. In the opening paragraph of its report, the National Acade ...
Climate Change and its Effects on Ecosystems, Habitats and Biota
... Gulf of Maine waters (Greene et al. 2008). One of the main reasons for this is the melting of Arctic sea ice. This melting will increase the global input of freshwater resulting in changes in salinity and circulation in the ocean system. Sea ice extent (the area of the ocean covered by at least 15% ...
... Gulf of Maine waters (Greene et al. 2008). One of the main reasons for this is the melting of Arctic sea ice. This melting will increase the global input of freshwater resulting in changes in salinity and circulation in the ocean system. Sea ice extent (the area of the ocean covered by at least 15% ...
Solution Aversion: On the Relation Between Ideology and Motivated
... Some researchers have posited that conservatives are dispositionally more prone to motivated cognition (Jost et al., 2003). Some findings suggest in particular that conservatives have a greater sensitivity to fearful and negative information that may lead to motivational differences in cognition (Ca ...
... Some researchers have posited that conservatives are dispositionally more prone to motivated cognition (Jost et al., 2003). Some findings suggest in particular that conservatives have a greater sensitivity to fearful and negative information that may lead to motivational differences in cognition (Ca ...
... Future work on the short-grass steppe must address scaling issues, future scenarios and linking altered energy and water dynamics to ecosystem functions. A gap in our knowledge exists with respect to spatially fine-scale resolution over longer time periods (e.g. seasonally) and detailed knowledge of ...
An overview of regional land-use and land
... Future work on the short-grass steppe must address scaling issues, future scenarios and linking altered energy and water dynamics to ecosystem functions. A gap in our knowledge exists with respect to spatially fine-scale resolution over longer time periods (e.g. seasonally) and detailed knowledge of ...
... Future work on the short-grass steppe must address scaling issues, future scenarios and linking altered energy and water dynamics to ecosystem functions. A gap in our knowledge exists with respect to spatially fine-scale resolution over longer time periods (e.g. seasonally) and detailed knowledge of ...
Lash et al 2014 RWH and Adaptation final submitted
... based on the theoretical principles described in the Introduction section. The second part is the detailed application of the PTST to a case study RWH system design within a large building in the UK for various climate scenarios. The third and final part is the inclusion of rainfall data for differe ...
... based on the theoretical principles described in the Introduction section. The second part is the detailed application of the PTST to a case study RWH system design within a large building in the UK for various climate scenarios. The third and final part is the inclusion of rainfall data for differe ...
Tracking pan-Canadian climate progress and
... Done right, strong climate action at the federal, provincial and territorial levels can secure Canada’s required emissions reductions and support its transition to a low-carbon economy. ...
... Done right, strong climate action at the federal, provincial and territorial levels can secure Canada’s required emissions reductions and support its transition to a low-carbon economy. ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.