Successful adaptation to climate change across scales
... development pathways into an uncertain future. We further argue that each of these elements of decision-making is implicit within presently formulated scenarios of socio-economic futures of both emission trajectories and adaptation, though with different weighting. The process by which adaptations a ...
... development pathways into an uncertain future. We further argue that each of these elements of decision-making is implicit within presently formulated scenarios of socio-economic futures of both emission trajectories and adaptation, though with different weighting. The process by which adaptations a ...
Full Presentation Zanzibar notes and extrapolation
... Using the Force Field analysis: • Identify a causal situation to your problem • Is the situation one where role players do too little of what is good? • OR is the situation one where role players do too much of what is bad? • Identify the RESTRAINERS in number 2 above and discuss how you would reduc ...
... Using the Force Field analysis: • Identify a causal situation to your problem • Is the situation one where role players do too little of what is good? • OR is the situation one where role players do too much of what is bad? • Identify the RESTRAINERS in number 2 above and discuss how you would reduc ...
Natural Variability, Anthropogenic Climate Change, and Impacts on
... March) that supplies most of the year’s precipitation is heavily affected by climate fluctuations. In other areas, such as the eastern part of the United States, each season has the potential to contribute significantly to the annual total at that location. But in California, the warm-season months ...
... March) that supplies most of the year’s precipitation is heavily affected by climate fluctuations. In other areas, such as the eastern part of the United States, each season has the potential to contribute significantly to the annual total at that location. But in California, the warm-season months ...
Systems thinking methodology in researching the impacts of climate
... has caused significantly higher input costs and lower benefit outcomes for the sector. Many researches have been carried out to investigate the adaptation and mitigation strategies to deal with further significant changes in climate and their direct and/or indirect effects on livestock production. H ...
... has caused significantly higher input costs and lower benefit outcomes for the sector. Many researches have been carried out to investigate the adaptation and mitigation strategies to deal with further significant changes in climate and their direct and/or indirect effects on livestock production. H ...
Bellingham Climate Adaptation Plan - Bellingham
... and lowered water quality, both affecting human and ecosystem health. Much of the Pacific Northwest (PNW) relies on deep seasonal snowpacks to store winter precipitation for use in the warmer, drier months. Models indicate that Pacific Northwest snowpack will decrease significantly, up to 40%, over ...
... and lowered water quality, both affecting human and ecosystem health. Much of the Pacific Northwest (PNW) relies on deep seasonal snowpacks to store winter precipitation for use in the warmer, drier months. Models indicate that Pacific Northwest snowpack will decrease significantly, up to 40%, over ...
Temporary storage of carbon in the biosphere does have value for
... analyzed by Kirschbaum the maximum single-year impacts of instantaneous temperature occur in 2100, but would be even higher in 2101. In these cases, avoiding the maximum threshold in 2100 is meaningless from the point of view of long-term climate-change impact. None of Kirschbaum’s measures refer to ...
... analyzed by Kirschbaum the maximum single-year impacts of instantaneous temperature occur in 2100, but would be even higher in 2101. In these cases, avoiding the maximum threshold in 2100 is meaningless from the point of view of long-term climate-change impact. None of Kirschbaum’s measures refer to ...
Livelihoods and Climate Change - International Institute for
... changes to physical and biological systems are already being detected. Retreating glaciers, longer growing seasons, shifting eco-zones and thawing permafrost have all been observed in different regions around the world. Compounded by human pressures and modifications to the environment, these change ...
... changes to physical and biological systems are already being detected. Retreating glaciers, longer growing seasons, shifting eco-zones and thawing permafrost have all been observed in different regions around the world. Compounded by human pressures and modifications to the environment, these change ...
- Energy
... identifying and defining the levels of vulnerability and the differential abilities of population groups to adapt to environmental change. This emphasis on human dimensions of vulnerability is particularly prominent in large-scale ‘‘place-based’’ land-change assessments that define a vulnerability fra ...
... identifying and defining the levels of vulnerability and the differential abilities of population groups to adapt to environmental change. This emphasis on human dimensions of vulnerability is particularly prominent in large-scale ‘‘place-based’’ land-change assessments that define a vulnerability fra ...
Indigenous Peoples, Lands, and Resources
... Indigenous traditional knowledge has emerged in national and international arenas as a source of rich information for indigenous and non-indigenous climate assessments, policies, and adaptation strategies. Working Group II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report rec ...
... Indigenous traditional knowledge has emerged in national and international arenas as a source of rich information for indigenous and non-indigenous climate assessments, policies, and adaptation strategies. Working Group II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report rec ...
- Centre for Climate Change Research (CCCR)
... • Rank 1: least vulnerable (Highest index values), Rank 13: most vulnerable (Lowest index values). ...
... • Rank 1: least vulnerable (Highest index values), Rank 13: most vulnerable (Lowest index values). ...
A Multi-Criteria Assessment Framework for Carbon
... carbon when biomass is burned or decays and soil disturbed, resulting in emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Net CO2 emissions from changes in land use – primarily deforestation in tropical regions – is currently estimated to contribute about 20 percent of global atmospher ...
... carbon when biomass is burned or decays and soil disturbed, resulting in emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Net CO2 emissions from changes in land use – primarily deforestation in tropical regions – is currently estimated to contribute about 20 percent of global atmospher ...
Occasional Paper #2 - Institute for Science Innovation and Society
... issue from a similarly theoretical perspective, analyzing the purpose, possible forms and agents of CE governance (Bodansky 2012, 4, 8+9). He finds that “[g]overnance is needed […] to ensure sufficient geoengineering and […] to avoid too much.” (Bodansky 2012, 4) Andy Parker critically examines the ...
... issue from a similarly theoretical perspective, analyzing the purpose, possible forms and agents of CE governance (Bodansky 2012, 4, 8+9). He finds that “[g]overnance is needed […] to ensure sufficient geoengineering and […] to avoid too much.” (Bodansky 2012, 4) Andy Parker critically examines the ...
PDF
... We used an integrated hydrology – economics model to assess the flows available to the environment and the value of irrigated agricultural production for several scenarios including a base case (no sustainable diversion limit and no climate change), base case plus a sustainable diversion limit, and ...
... We used an integrated hydrology – economics model to assess the flows available to the environment and the value of irrigated agricultural production for several scenarios including a base case (no sustainable diversion limit and no climate change), base case plus a sustainable diversion limit, and ...
Weathercaster Views on Informal Climate Education: Similarities
... as possible (Lising and Elby, 2005). Since it is difficult to fully describe how particular groups of people make sense of the world around them and construct their epistemology (Carey et al., 1989; Khishfe and Abd-El-Khalick, 2002; Linn and Songer, 1993), a network analysis could be promising in el ...
... as possible (Lising and Elby, 2005). Since it is difficult to fully describe how particular groups of people make sense of the world around them and construct their epistemology (Carey et al., 1989; Khishfe and Abd-El-Khalick, 2002; Linn and Songer, 1993), a network analysis could be promising in el ...
ENDI Warming File - 4 wk
... [temperature in degrees Celsius, multiple by 1.8 for Fahrenheit]: And this is not good news for human health and welfare The Lancet medical journal: Cutting greenhouse gas emissions has major direct health benefits NRC: Burning fossil fuels costs the U.S. $120 billion a year — not counting mercury o ...
... [temperature in degrees Celsius, multiple by 1.8 for Fahrenheit]: And this is not good news for human health and welfare The Lancet medical journal: Cutting greenhouse gas emissions has major direct health benefits NRC: Burning fossil fuels costs the U.S. $120 billion a year — not counting mercury o ...
G8 Climate Governance, 1975-2008
... the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and Kyoto Protocol the G8 conceded to the UN system as the appropriate institution to deal with climate change. However, after 2003 when the UN’s Kyoto regime with its unbalanced convention-protocol, target-timetable approach failed ...
... the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), and Kyoto Protocol the G8 conceded to the UN system as the appropriate institution to deal with climate change. However, after 2003 when the UN’s Kyoto regime with its unbalanced convention-protocol, target-timetable approach failed ...
Regional climate model data used within the SWURVE project
... 2001). These errors are difficult to quantify and few publications, (Moberg and Jones, 2004), are available on the subject. The uncertainty introduced by the RCM is, however, generally considered to be substantially smaller than that inherited by the driving GCM (Jenkins and Lowe, 2003). The last ca ...
... 2001). These errors are difficult to quantify and few publications, (Moberg and Jones, 2004), are available on the subject. The uncertainty introduced by the RCM is, however, generally considered to be substantially smaller than that inherited by the driving GCM (Jenkins and Lowe, 2003). The last ca ...
SDSM-a decision support tool for the assessment of regional
... Abstract General Circulation Models (GCMs) suggest that rising concentrations of greenhouse gases will have significant implications for climate at global and regional scales. Less certain is the extent to which meteorological processes at individual sites will be affected. So-called ‘downscaling’ t ...
... Abstract General Circulation Models (GCMs) suggest that rising concentrations of greenhouse gases will have significant implications for climate at global and regional scales. Less certain is the extent to which meteorological processes at individual sites will be affected. So-called ‘downscaling’ t ...
Citizen Climate Lesson Plans Grades 9–12
... Roberta Hotinski as part of the Carbon Mitigation Initiative. Our lesson provides updated information and additional ideas for discussion. • Cap and Trade: How does it work? Why is it a favorite policy choice for climate negotiators? • Carbon Tax: How does it work? What are its advantages and disa ...
... Roberta Hotinski as part of the Carbon Mitigation Initiative. Our lesson provides updated information and additional ideas for discussion. • Cap and Trade: How does it work? Why is it a favorite policy choice for climate negotiators? • Carbon Tax: How does it work? What are its advantages and disa ...
A plants perspective of extremes: terrestrial plant responses to
... communities to environmental change is phenology, which tracks seasonal events in generative and vegetative plant growth. Given the predominant influence of climate (with the important exception of photoperiodism, see Körner & Basler, 2010), phenology has emerged as a key tool in identifying finger ...
... communities to environmental change is phenology, which tracks seasonal events in generative and vegetative plant growth. Given the predominant influence of climate (with the important exception of photoperiodism, see Körner & Basler, 2010), phenology has emerged as a key tool in identifying finger ...
Protecting People Displaced by Weather
... institutional frameworks, leaving open the question of when, and under what circumstances, people who move as a result of climate-related events or changes are entitled to unique rights and protections. Significant scholarly and public attention has focused on the glaring gap in the current legal fr ...
... institutional frameworks, leaving open the question of when, and under what circumstances, people who move as a result of climate-related events or changes are entitled to unique rights and protections. Significant scholarly and public attention has focused on the glaring gap in the current legal fr ...
A plant`s perspective of extremes: terrestrial plant responses to
... communities to environmental change is phenology, which tracks seasonal events in generative and vegetative plant growth. Given the predominant influence of climate (with the important exception of photoperiodism, see Körner & Basler, 2010), phenology has emerged as a key tool in identifying finger ...
... communities to environmental change is phenology, which tracks seasonal events in generative and vegetative plant growth. Given the predominant influence of climate (with the important exception of photoperiodism, see Körner & Basler, 2010), phenology has emerged as a key tool in identifying finger ...
The origin of the savanna biome
... accelerates forest loss and C4 grassland expansion through multiple positive feedback loops that each promote drought and more fire. A low CO2 atmosphere amplifies this cycle by limiting tree recruitment, allowing the ingress of C4 grasses to greatly increase ecosystem flammability. Continued intens ...
... accelerates forest loss and C4 grassland expansion through multiple positive feedback loops that each promote drought and more fire. A low CO2 atmosphere amplifies this cycle by limiting tree recruitment, allowing the ingress of C4 grasses to greatly increase ecosystem flammability. Continued intens ...
Climate change and Australia: Trends, projections and impacts
... Future changes in temperature and rainfall are predicted to have significant impacts on most vegetation types that have been modelled to date, although the interactive effect of continuing increases in atmospheric CO2 has not been incorporated into most modelling studies. Elevated CO2 will most like ...
... Future changes in temperature and rainfall are predicted to have significant impacts on most vegetation types that have been modelled to date, although the interactive effect of continuing increases in atmospheric CO2 has not been incorporated into most modelling studies. Elevated CO2 will most like ...
Official PDF , 34 pages
... erosion control measures for major towns. With gradual climate change, however, required investments would be phased. Beyond these capital-intensive investments, improved policies, planning and institutions are essential to ensure that such investments are used correctly and yield the expected benef ...
... erosion control measures for major towns. With gradual climate change, however, required investments would be phased. Beyond these capital-intensive investments, improved policies, planning and institutions are essential to ensure that such investments are used correctly and yield the expected benef ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.