... resource assessments and strategies that identify and address priority landscapes, and developing and applying new techniques in land management, and many others. In Shared Landscapes, the overarching goal would be to integrate these and other efforts where appropriate and possible, while fundamenta ...
ece11 Asheim 16688487 en
... that the trade-off between wellbeing in the first two periods be separable from the remainder of the stream. Regarding (i), there is a large literature, starting with Diamond (1965), which has established a conflict between imposing equity conditions (like equal treatment and “Hammond Equity for th ...
... that the trade-off between wellbeing in the first two periods be separable from the remainder of the stream. Regarding (i), there is a large literature, starting with Diamond (1965), which has established a conflict between imposing equity conditions (like equal treatment and “Hammond Equity for th ...
skuras
... a global population that peaks in mid-century and rapid introduction of new and more efficient technologies. A1 is divided into three groups that describe alternative directions of technological change: fossil intensive (A1FI), non-fossil energy resources (A1T) and a balance across all sources (A1B) ...
... a global population that peaks in mid-century and rapid introduction of new and more efficient technologies. A1 is divided into three groups that describe alternative directions of technological change: fossil intensive (A1FI), non-fossil energy resources (A1T) and a balance across all sources (A1B) ...
i3084e16
... a global population that peaks in mid-century and rapid introduction of new and more efficient technologies. A1 is divided into three groups that describe alternative directions of technological change: fossil intensive (A1FI), non-fossil energy resources (A1T) and a balance across all sources (A1B) ...
... a global population that peaks in mid-century and rapid introduction of new and more efficient technologies. A1 is divided into three groups that describe alternative directions of technological change: fossil intensive (A1FI), non-fossil energy resources (A1T) and a balance across all sources (A1B) ...
European summer temperatures since Roman times
... documentary proxy evidence including a comparison with independent long-instrumental and proxy based regional summer temperature reconstructions (see data section; SOM); (ii) two reconstructions of mean European (weighted average over European land areas, see data) summer temperatures back to 138 BC ...
... documentary proxy evidence including a comparison with independent long-instrumental and proxy based regional summer temperature reconstructions (see data section; SOM); (ii) two reconstructions of mean European (weighted average over European land areas, see data) summer temperatures back to 138 BC ...
Climate politics in the lower Mekong basin
... Climate change is predicted to intensify concerns over water security within or between countries in international river basins (Nordås and Gleditsch 2007; Michel and Pandya 2009; De Stefanoet al. 2012). Projected impacts have the potential to disturb hydro-political balances and aggravate existing ...
... Climate change is predicted to intensify concerns over water security within or between countries in international river basins (Nordås and Gleditsch 2007; Michel and Pandya 2009; De Stefanoet al. 2012). Projected impacts have the potential to disturb hydro-political balances and aggravate existing ...
Project Document for WP (Part 1)
... Industries of Uruguay a study was conducted to determine the companies that produce GHG emissions. The results also identified activities and technologies, and were used in the Inventory elaboration. ...
... Industries of Uruguay a study was conducted to determine the companies that produce GHG emissions. The results also identified activities and technologies, and were used in the Inventory elaboration. ...
Laser Talks for June 2013 Conference 1. Elevator Speech for Fee
... higher when there was more CO [1, 2]. The second point we’ve been seeing thanks to the direct measurements of the Keeling Curve, which now records 400 ppm of CO in the atmosphere, up from 317 ppm in 1958 when measurements began [3, 4]. The third we know because of oil, coal, and gas company accounta ...
... higher when there was more CO [1, 2]. The second point we’ve been seeing thanks to the direct measurements of the Keeling Curve, which now records 400 ppm of CO in the atmosphere, up from 317 ppm in 1958 when measurements began [3, 4]. The third we know because of oil, coal, and gas company accounta ...
Paleoclimate Implications for Human-Made Climate Change
... increased steadily through the Cenozoic, by about 0.4% according to solar physics models (Sackmann et al. 1993). Because Earth absorbs about 240 W/m2 of solar energy, the 0.4% increase is a forcing of about 1 W/m2. This small linear increase of forcing, by itself, would have caused a modest global w ...
... increased steadily through the Cenozoic, by about 0.4% according to solar physics models (Sackmann et al. 1993). Because Earth absorbs about 240 W/m2 of solar energy, the 0.4% increase is a forcing of about 1 W/m2. This small linear increase of forcing, by itself, would have caused a modest global w ...
The Nation Ex-Situ: On climate change, deterritorialized nationhood
... territory. In response to this phenomenon, I argue that international law can accommodate a new category of international actors: the Nations Ex-Situ.1 Ex-situ nationhood would be a status that allows for the continued existence of a sovereign state, afforded all the rights and benefits of sovereign ...
... territory. In response to this phenomenon, I argue that international law can accommodate a new category of international actors: the Nations Ex-Situ.1 Ex-situ nationhood would be a status that allows for the continued existence of a sovereign state, afforded all the rights and benefits of sovereign ...
Coffee and Climate Change
... The climate in the Central Highlands is ideal for Robusta production. The dry season is typically 4 months and extends from mid-December until mid-April, coinciding nicely with flowering. During this period there is less than 25 mm rain per month. During the 8 month wet season from May to November, ...
... The climate in the Central Highlands is ideal for Robusta production. The dry season is typically 4 months and extends from mid-December until mid-April, coinciding nicely with flowering. During this period there is less than 25 mm rain per month. During the 8 month wet season from May to November, ...
Long-Term Policy: Definition, Origin, and Responses by Detlef Sprinz
... above. Some countries or geographic/political entities are able to cope sufficiently well with specific long-term challenges while others do not. In order to topically qualify as a long-term policy problem, we should therefore focus on the modal or median situation across countries or the world at l ...
... above. Some countries or geographic/political entities are able to cope sufficiently well with specific long-term challenges while others do not. In order to topically qualify as a long-term policy problem, we should therefore focus on the modal or median situation across countries or the world at l ...
Safeguarding Washington`s Fish and Wildlife in an Era of Climate
... Through the generous support of the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, the National Wildlife Federation has been partnering with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife to forward a collective agenda to restore and protect Washington’s fish and wildlife in an era of climate change. There are m ...
... Through the generous support of the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, the National Wildlife Federation has been partnering with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife to forward a collective agenda to restore and protect Washington’s fish and wildlife in an era of climate change. There are m ...
The Case of Climate Change
... languages (Hong, Convertino, and Chi 2011), or food consumption (Abbar, Mejova, and Weber 2015). In this work we study the prominence of different types of climate-related events as found on Twitter and in online news media. Newspapers vs blogs. In contrast to Twitter, comparative research has been ...
... languages (Hong, Convertino, and Chi 2011), or food consumption (Abbar, Mejova, and Weber 2015). In this work we study the prominence of different types of climate-related events as found on Twitter and in online news media. Newspapers vs blogs. In contrast to Twitter, comparative research has been ...
Full-Text PDF
... are highly uncertain. Nevertheless, the fact that a broad range of systems already persist at the edge of their frontiers suggests a high likelihood that some limits will eventually be exceeded. The resulting system transformation is likely to manifest as anticipatory modification of management obje ...
... are highly uncertain. Nevertheless, the fact that a broad range of systems already persist at the edge of their frontiers suggests a high likelihood that some limits will eventually be exceeded. The resulting system transformation is likely to manifest as anticipatory modification of management obje ...
mwalker_arctic_national_wildlife_refuge_climate_change
... topography susceptible to rising sea levels and contains fragile vegetation exponentially at risk due to the northern latitude. The cumulative harmful effects of fossil fuel production and climate change from fuel combustion place ANWR and other Alaskan wildlife refuges at significant risk of irreve ...
... topography susceptible to rising sea levels and contains fragile vegetation exponentially at risk due to the northern latitude. The cumulative harmful effects of fossil fuel production and climate change from fuel combustion place ANWR and other Alaskan wildlife refuges at significant risk of irreve ...
Key factors governing uncertainty in the response to sunshade
... albedo modification [Jones and Haywood, 2012; Latham et al., 2012], desert albedo geoengineering [Irvine et al., 2011], and crop albedo modification [Singarayer et al., 2009]. In these previous studies several different approaches to represent the proposed solar geoengineering techniques were adopted, ...
... albedo modification [Jones and Haywood, 2012; Latham et al., 2012], desert albedo geoengineering [Irvine et al., 2011], and crop albedo modification [Singarayer et al., 2009]. In these previous studies several different approaches to represent the proposed solar geoengineering techniques were adopted, ...
International Legal Protection for Climate Refugees: Where Lies the
... Rising levels of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, have warmed the earth and are the driving force behind the changes in the earth’s climate.9 Carbon dioxide concentrations amount to about 80 per cent of the total caused by greenhouse gases.10 Carbon dioxide emissions are ...
... Rising levels of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, have warmed the earth and are the driving force behind the changes in the earth’s climate.9 Carbon dioxide concentrations amount to about 80 per cent of the total caused by greenhouse gases.10 Carbon dioxide emissions are ...
CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE IN THE SOUTHWEST
... committee that met regularly throughout the summer (1997) to advise and assist with these efforts. These committee members (all from The University of Arizona or the Tucson area) were: ...
... committee that met regularly throughout the summer (1997) to advise and assist with these efforts. These committee members (all from The University of Arizona or the Tucson area) were: ...
The Framing of Fossil Fuels and Climate Change
... “For over the past 200 years, the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, and deforestation have caused the concentrations of heat-trapping “greenhouse gases” to increase significantly in our atmosphere … as the concentrations of these gases continue to increase in the atmosphere, the Earth’s ...
... “For over the past 200 years, the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, and deforestation have caused the concentrations of heat-trapping “greenhouse gases” to increase significantly in our atmosphere … as the concentrations of these gases continue to increase in the atmosphere, the Earth’s ...
Rob Lawlor, The Absurdity of Economists` Sacrifice
... This then has implications for the efficiency of transfers that aim to provide individuals with gains to compensate them for their losses. That is, if losses are given more weight than gains, even when they are “objectively commensurate”, and if we want to give people compensation that they will con ...
... This then has implications for the efficiency of transfers that aim to provide individuals with gains to compensate them for their losses. That is, if losses are given more weight than gains, even when they are “objectively commensurate”, and if we want to give people compensation that they will con ...
Effect of Climate Change on Invasion Risk of Giant African Snail
... reach high densities and biomass in a very short time [22,24,25]. A. fulica spreads the spores of pathogens of a variety of cultivated plants in the introduced range [22,26–29]. It is also a vector of the rat lungworm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, which causes eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in hum ...
... reach high densities and biomass in a very short time [22,24,25]. A. fulica spreads the spores of pathogens of a variety of cultivated plants in the introduced range [22,26–29]. It is also a vector of the rat lungworm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, which causes eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in hum ...
First Greenhouse Gas Inventory
... of the challenges posed by climate change and had ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) during the 73rd Session of our National Assembly in 1995. As of now more than 170 countries have ratified this Convention which is truly encouraging. One of the primary issue ...
... of the challenges posed by climate change and had ratified the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) during the 73rd Session of our National Assembly in 1995. As of now more than 170 countries have ratified this Convention which is truly encouraging. One of the primary issue ...
Globally averaged temperatures have increased since the mid
... measurements of sulfate and light scattering by aerosols show that the highest recorded levels of Arctic Haze occurred in the 1980s and early 1990s. Levels then decreased through the end of the 1990s primarily due to reductions in industrial emissions in the early years of the new Eurasian republics ...
... measurements of sulfate and light scattering by aerosols show that the highest recorded levels of Arctic Haze occurred in the 1980s and early 1990s. Levels then decreased through the end of the 1990s primarily due to reductions in industrial emissions in the early years of the new Eurasian republics ...
global warming, climate change and tourism: a review of
... 2.8. Climate Change, Tourist behavior and Effect These articles were more destinations specific and tended to use case studies to highlight how weather can change tourism in an area. France, Ontario’s provincial parks, British tourism, and Bernese Oberland are some examples provided in this category ...
... 2.8. Climate Change, Tourist behavior and Effect These articles were more destinations specific and tended to use case studies to highlight how weather can change tourism in an area. France, Ontario’s provincial parks, British tourism, and Bernese Oberland are some examples provided in this category ...
Climate engineering
Climate engineering, also referred to as geoengineering or climate intervention, is the deliberate and large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climatic system with the aim of limiting adverse climate change. Climate engineering is an umbrella term for two types of measures: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management. Carbon dioxide removal addresses the cause of climate change by removing one of the greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide) from the atmosphere. Solar radiation management attempts to offset effects of greenhouse gases by causing the Earth to absorb less solar radiation.Climate engineering approaches are sometimes viewed as additional potential options for limiting climate change, alongside mitigation and adaptation. There is substantial agreement among scientists that climate engineering cannot substitute climate change mitigation. Some approaches might be used as accompanying measures to sharp cuts in greenhouse gas emissions. Given that all types of measures addressing climate change have economic, political or physical limitations a some climate engineering approaches might eventually be used as part of an ensemble of measures. Research on costs, benefits, and various types of risks of most climate engineering approaches is at an early stage and their understanding needs to improve to judge their adequacy and feasibility.No known large-scale climate engineering projects have taken place to date. Almost all research into solar geoengineering has consisted of computer modelling or laboratory tests, and attempts to move to real-world experimentation have proved controversial for many types of climate engineering. Some practices, such as planting of trees and whitening of surfaces as well as bio-energy with carbon capture and storage projects are underway, their scalability to effectively affect global climate is however debated. Ocean iron fertilization has been given small-scale research trials, sparking substantial controversy.Most experts and major reports advise against relying on geoengineering techniques as a simple solution to climate change, in part due to the large uncertainties over effectiveness and side effects. However, most experts also argue that the risks of such interventions must be seen in the context of risks of dangerous climate change. Interventions at large scale may run a greater risk disrupting natural systems resulting in a dilemma that those approaches that could prove highly (cost-) effective in addressing extreme climate risk, might themselves cause substantial risk. Some have suggested that the concept of geoengineering the climate presents a moral hazard because it could reduce political and public pressure for emissions reduction, which could exacerbate overall climate risks.Groups such as ETC Group and some climate researchers (such as Raymond Pierrehumbert) are in favour of a moratorium on out-of-doors testing and deployment of SRM.