IOC and COP21 - UNESDOC
... system, its importance can no longer be underestimated. Ocean circulation – also known as the Ocean Conveyor Belt – connects all ocean basins (the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic and Southern). This global ocean has absorbed more than 25% of the CO2 and 93% of excess heat generated by humans since ...
... system, its importance can no longer be underestimated. Ocean circulation – also known as the Ocean Conveyor Belt – connects all ocean basins (the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic and Southern). This global ocean has absorbed more than 25% of the CO2 and 93% of excess heat generated by humans since ...
Chapter 13 Notes 2015
... gases in the atmosphere will result in an increase in global temperature. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJAbATJCugs ...
... gases in the atmosphere will result in an increase in global temperature. • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJAbATJCugs ...
climate change in cincinnati
... greenhouse gas emissions. Transportation fuels contribute a large part of our emissions, so Chapter 10 looks at the existing technologies for supplying transportation needs to evaluate which options will result in fewer greenhouse gas emissions. We finish with a chapter discussing the role of politi ...
... greenhouse gas emissions. Transportation fuels contribute a large part of our emissions, so Chapter 10 looks at the existing technologies for supplying transportation needs to evaluate which options will result in fewer greenhouse gas emissions. We finish with a chapter discussing the role of politi ...
04 Morlot.P65
... management approaches and their implications are highlighted. After discussing some challenges of using scientific knowledge to monitor and manage progress, we look at what we can learn from current climate change global impact literature. Solid benchmark indicators appear to be available from globa ...
... management approaches and their implications are highlighted. After discussing some challenges of using scientific knowledge to monitor and manage progress, we look at what we can learn from current climate change global impact literature. Solid benchmark indicators appear to be available from globa ...
Climate Change Predicted Impacts on Juneau
... El Niño and La Niña represent opposite extremes in the naturally occurring climate cycle referred to as the ENSO. ENSO is an example of climate variability that has a time scale of 2-7 years. El Niño and La Niña are associated with opposite extremes in rainfall and sea-surface temperatures across th ...
... El Niño and La Niña represent opposite extremes in the naturally occurring climate cycle referred to as the ENSO. ENSO is an example of climate variability that has a time scale of 2-7 years. El Niño and La Niña are associated with opposite extremes in rainfall and sea-surface temperatures across th ...
Evaluation, characterization, and communication of uncertainty by
... critical to responding to climate change. We organized this special issue to collect some provocative thoughts, and we did so this year with the hope that those thoughts will help IPCC authors complete their appointed tasks. It is, to be sure, too late to influence the official guidance document, bu ...
... critical to responding to climate change. We organized this special issue to collect some provocative thoughts, and we did so this year with the hope that those thoughts will help IPCC authors complete their appointed tasks. It is, to be sure, too late to influence the official guidance document, bu ...
The Week That Was: 2015-11-28 (November 28, 2015) Brought to
... marked by disease, famine, and death. Later, some promoters advocated climate change to mean global warming in an effort to control human use of fossil fuels. The NIPCC Report distinguishes how its purpose is different from the IPCC. NIPCC tries to examine all the causes of changes to global climat ...
... marked by disease, famine, and death. Later, some promoters advocated climate change to mean global warming in an effort to control human use of fossil fuels. The NIPCC Report distinguishes how its purpose is different from the IPCC. NIPCC tries to examine all the causes of changes to global climat ...
GENERAL Climate Change Handbook for NE South Africa (Gauteng
... and deforestation, have increased the atmosphere’s ability to absorb the Earth’s outgoing infrared radiation. This is referred to as the ‘enhanced greenhouse effect’. The consequences of this effect can be clearly seen in the worldwide trend of rising temperatures, that is, in the ...
... and deforestation, have increased the atmosphere’s ability to absorb the Earth’s outgoing infrared radiation. This is referred to as the ‘enhanced greenhouse effect’. The consequences of this effect can be clearly seen in the worldwide trend of rising temperatures, that is, in the ...
UNDP Climate Change Inside Eng1
... harvesting seasons punctuated by devastating droughts. Floods rushing through the streets of major coastal cities. Salt water intruding into river deltas destroying livelihoods of fishing communities. Children suffering from acute malnutrition. This is not our usual climate change news. Usually the ...
... harvesting seasons punctuated by devastating droughts. Floods rushing through the streets of major coastal cities. Salt water intruding into river deltas destroying livelihoods of fishing communities. Children suffering from acute malnutrition. This is not our usual climate change news. Usually the ...
The Impact of Animal Agriculture on Global Warming and Climate
... Global Warming and Climate Change Global warming refers to an increase in average global temperatures, which in turn causes climate change, such as changes in seasonal temperatures and wind velocity, and the amount of precipitation and humidity for a given area or region.1 Climate change can involve ...
... Global Warming and Climate Change Global warming refers to an increase in average global temperatures, which in turn causes climate change, such as changes in seasonal temperatures and wind velocity, and the amount of precipitation and humidity for a given area or region.1 Climate change can involve ...
Recent pause in the growth rate of atmospheric CO2 associated with
... Figure 1 | Changes in the airborne fraction and the CO2 growth rate. (a) Observed (solid black line) and modelled (DGVM ensemble—mean (dashed black line) and s.d. (orange area)) changes in the atmospheric CO2 growth rate from 1960 to 2012. The vertical grey line (2002) indicates the point of structu ...
... Figure 1 | Changes in the airborne fraction and the CO2 growth rate. (a) Observed (solid black line) and modelled (DGVM ensemble—mean (dashed black line) and s.d. (orange area)) changes in the atmospheric CO2 growth rate from 1960 to 2012. The vertical grey line (2002) indicates the point of structu ...
Decline in Kelp in West Europe and Climate
... the geographical range of a species is a common issue in ecological niche modeling [38]. We established twelve combinations of environmental factors from the expert knowledge on the ecology of L. digitata (Table 1). Temperature and bathymetry are known to be among the most important factors regulati ...
... the geographical range of a species is a common issue in ecological niche modeling [38]. We established twelve combinations of environmental factors from the expert knowledge on the ecology of L. digitata (Table 1). Temperature and bathymetry are known to be among the most important factors regulati ...
Wetlands and global climate change
... temperature will affect coastal biota directly and lead to changes in precipitation and an acceleration of sea level rise. It is predicted that as the tropics gain more heat, there will be a greater transport of water vapor towards higher latitudes. Thus, it is likely that, in general, lower latitud ...
... temperature will affect coastal biota directly and lead to changes in precipitation and an acceleration of sea level rise. It is predicted that as the tropics gain more heat, there will be a greater transport of water vapor towards higher latitudes. Thus, it is likely that, in general, lower latitud ...
Consequences of Climate Change and Variability in the for a Vulnerability Assessment
... Change (USNA) - in which we were involved-did not attempt to provide regional or even national predictions of climate change.” Later in the letter in Nature, they conclude with, “We strongly agree that much more reliable regional climate simulations and analyses are needed. However, at present,...su ...
... Change (USNA) - in which we were involved-did not attempt to provide regional or even national predictions of climate change.” Later in the letter in Nature, they conclude with, “We strongly agree that much more reliable regional climate simulations and analyses are needed. However, at present,...su ...
Source IPCC 2012
... extreme climatic events is far less than prediction of dryness. • Although these events are local and statistically much harder to predict on large scale (territory, timeframe), the climate science is now able to predict an increased occurrence for both types of extreme • See: IPCC 2012, Managing th ...
... extreme climatic events is far less than prediction of dryness. • Although these events are local and statistically much harder to predict on large scale (territory, timeframe), the climate science is now able to predict an increased occurrence for both types of extreme • See: IPCC 2012, Managing th ...
Cloud Feedbacks Found to Amplify Global Warming
... the size of the cloud droplets. There have been attempts to use empirical guidance to determine how these basic cloud properties, and hence albedo, may respond to changes in large-scale climate. The empirical relationship between cloud LWC and temperature obtained by Feigelson (1978) from aircraft m ...
... the size of the cloud droplets. There have been attempts to use empirical guidance to determine how these basic cloud properties, and hence albedo, may respond to changes in large-scale climate. The empirical relationship between cloud LWC and temperature obtained by Feigelson (1978) from aircraft m ...
Toward Integrated Historical Climate Research
... on Earth), this approach develops Holling’s theories34 of ecological systems with multiple stable states into integrated social-environment systems.35-36 Here, historical and archaeological data provides the temporal dimension unveiling the processes that have governed system dynamics, in order to i ...
... on Earth), this approach develops Holling’s theories34 of ecological systems with multiple stable states into integrated social-environment systems.35-36 Here, historical and archaeological data provides the temporal dimension unveiling the processes that have governed system dynamics, in order to i ...
James Hurrell*1, Gerald A. Meehl1, David Bader2
... The global coupled atmosphere-ocean-land-cryosphere system exhibits a wide range of physical and dynamical phenomena with associated physical, biological and chemical feedbacks that collectively result in a continuum of temporal and spatial variability. The traditional boundaries between weather and ...
... The global coupled atmosphere-ocean-land-cryosphere system exhibits a wide range of physical and dynamical phenomena with associated physical, biological and chemical feedbacks that collectively result in a continuum of temporal and spatial variability. The traditional boundaries between weather and ...
Print - Climate Change Knowledge Portal
... Riesgos (Manizales, Colombia, 2004), Annex (2009). Values are normalized on scale of 0 – 100 and presented against the average for 16 LAC countries found in IADB-IDEA (2007). Values are normalized on scale of 0 – 100 and presented against the average for 16 LAC countries found in IADB-IDEA (2007). M ...
... Riesgos (Manizales, Colombia, 2004), Annex (2009). Values are normalized on scale of 0 – 100 and presented against the average for 16 LAC countries found in IADB-IDEA (2007). Values are normalized on scale of 0 – 100 and presented against the average for 16 LAC countries found in IADB-IDEA (2007). M ...
Impact of Antarctic regional warming: Sea level rise from
... of basal melting and ice loss after 2200 cannot be ruled out. Because of the significant uncertainty associated with the timing and length of the warm water intrusion, sensitivity experiments with melt rates from the decades 2040–2050, 2100–2110, 2140–2150 and 2190–2200 (Fig. 2, grey bars) are condu ...
... of basal melting and ice loss after 2200 cannot be ruled out. Because of the significant uncertainty associated with the timing and length of the warm water intrusion, sensitivity experiments with melt rates from the decades 2040–2050, 2100–2110, 2140–2150 and 2190–2200 (Fig. 2, grey bars) are condu ...
KURUKULASURIYA MENDELSOHN 2006 Crop Selection Adapting to Climate Change in Afrika
... from the Africa Rainfall and Temperature Evaluation System (ARTES) (World Bank 2003). This dataset, created by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association’s Climate Prediction Center, is based on ground station measurements of precipitation. The mean annual temperature and precipitation for eac ...
... from the Africa Rainfall and Temperature Evaluation System (ARTES) (World Bank 2003). This dataset, created by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association’s Climate Prediction Center, is based on ground station measurements of precipitation. The mean annual temperature and precipitation for eac ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.