as PDF
... Estimation of the EKC relationship between transportation GHG emissions and per capita GDP in Canada has been performed at two levels: (i) federal level, and (ii) provincial level. At federal level, in general, evidence in favour of the EKC relationship was found in 55% of all our statistical experi ...
... Estimation of the EKC relationship between transportation GHG emissions and per capita GDP in Canada has been performed at two levels: (i) federal level, and (ii) provincial level. At federal level, in general, evidence in favour of the EKC relationship was found in 55% of all our statistical experi ...
Climate, Climate Change Nuclear Power and the Alternatives
... The great climate experiment: A PETMPETM-like event within a glacial climate ...
... The great climate experiment: A PETMPETM-like event within a glacial climate ...
Greenhouse Effect
... concentration of carbon dioxide peaked near 3000 parts per million roughly 50 million years ago (Royer, 2006). This coincided with peak global warming when the global mean ocean temperature was some 12C warmer than present (Hansen et al., 2008). The information on carbon dioxide concentrations come ...
... concentration of carbon dioxide peaked near 3000 parts per million roughly 50 million years ago (Royer, 2006). This coincided with peak global warming when the global mean ocean temperature was some 12C warmer than present (Hansen et al., 2008). The information on carbon dioxide concentrations come ...
Changes in Global Ocean Bottom Properties and Volume Transports
... Montégut et al. 2004). The observed MLD in the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean was obtained from the climatology of de Boyer Montégut et al. (2004), using the same density threshold criterion. The sea ice is also shown, as it can have a large impact on the MLD at high latitudes through brine rejec ...
... Montégut et al. 2004). The observed MLD in the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean was obtained from the climatology of de Boyer Montégut et al. (2004), using the same density threshold criterion. The sea ice is also shown, as it can have a large impact on the MLD at high latitudes through brine rejec ...
Public perceptions of unusually warm weather in the UK: impacts
... ABSTRACT: Evidence of socio-economic sensitivity to climate variability is accumulating and is largely based on modelling studies. This paper examines the impacts of climate extremes (unusually hot summers and unusually warm winters) from the perspective of the perception of the general public. Post ...
... ABSTRACT: Evidence of socio-economic sensitivity to climate variability is accumulating and is largely based on modelling studies. This paper examines the impacts of climate extremes (unusually hot summers and unusually warm winters) from the perspective of the perception of the general public. Post ...
Annual Report
... and Hillary Clinton). It became immediately apparent to me that the voice of science can indeed be heard, and it is our job to use that voice wisely. In 2013, the first of the three working group reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 5th Assessment report will be rolled out ...
... and Hillary Clinton). It became immediately apparent to me that the voice of science can indeed be heard, and it is our job to use that voice wisely. In 2013, the first of the three working group reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 5th Assessment report will be rolled out ...
Can marine cloud brightening reduce coral bleaching?
... Increases in coral bleaching events over the last few decades have been largely caused by rising sea surface temperatures (SST), and continued warming is expected to cause even greater increases through this century. We use a Global Climate Model to examine the potential of marine cloud brightening ...
... Increases in coral bleaching events over the last few decades have been largely caused by rising sea surface temperatures (SST), and continued warming is expected to cause even greater increases through this century. We use a Global Climate Model to examine the potential of marine cloud brightening ...
Temperature and trophic structure are driving microbial productivity
... Temperature is known to influence ecosystem processes through its direct effect on biological rates such as respiration and nutrient cycling. These changes can then indirectly affect ecologically processes by altering trophic dynamics, the persistence of a species in a given environment, and, consequen ...
... Temperature is known to influence ecosystem processes through its direct effect on biological rates such as respiration and nutrient cycling. These changes can then indirectly affect ecologically processes by altering trophic dynamics, the persistence of a species in a given environment, and, consequen ...
4 The Importance of Methane
... Biomass burning - Open burning of biomass is a significant source of CH4. The CH4/CO2 mole ratio is typically 0.5% to 1%. Hence deforestation and agricultural waste combustion have a secondary greenhouse gas impact. In contrast, the CH4/CO2 mole ratio from fossil fuel combustion is much lower. Oil a ...
... Biomass burning - Open burning of biomass is a significant source of CH4. The CH4/CO2 mole ratio is typically 0.5% to 1%. Hence deforestation and agricultural waste combustion have a secondary greenhouse gas impact. In contrast, the CH4/CO2 mole ratio from fossil fuel combustion is much lower. Oil a ...
Climate change impacts on New Zealand
... temperatures. Rainfall is projected to increase in the west of the country and decrease in many eastern regions. While these general trends are considered relatively robust findings, the magnitude of the projected changes depends on the global greenhouse gas emission sce-nario and also varies consid ...
... temperatures. Rainfall is projected to increase in the west of the country and decrease in many eastern regions. While these general trends are considered relatively robust findings, the magnitude of the projected changes depends on the global greenhouse gas emission sce-nario and also varies consid ...
Climate Change Projections for the United States Midwest
... atmosphere, causing global levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to build up at an unprecedented rate (Ehhalt et al. 2001; Prentice et al. 2001). This build-up enhances the Earth’s natural greenhouse effect, and is projected to lead to significant increases in the radiative ...
... atmosphere, causing global levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to build up at an unprecedented rate (Ehhalt et al. 2001; Prentice et al. 2001). This build-up enhances the Earth’s natural greenhouse effect, and is projected to lead to significant increases in the radiative ...
Impact of Climate Change on Annual Cooling and
... downscaling (Dickinson et al. 1989; Giorgi et al. 1989). The RCM uses nested regional climate modeling and can analyze local climate with high resolution (~1 km). We employed the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate version 4 (MIROC4h) as the GCM and the Weather Research and Forecasting ( ...
... downscaling (Dickinson et al. 1989; Giorgi et al. 1989). The RCM uses nested regional climate modeling and can analyze local climate with high resolution (~1 km). We employed the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate version 4 (MIROC4h) as the GCM and the Weather Research and Forecasting ( ...
Projected poleward shift of king penguins
... Seabird populations of the Southern Ocean have been responding to climate change for the last three decades and demographic models suggest that projected warming will cause dramatic population changes over the next century. Shift in species distribution is likely to be one of the major possible adap ...
... Seabird populations of the Southern Ocean have been responding to climate change for the last three decades and demographic models suggest that projected warming will cause dramatic population changes over the next century. Shift in species distribution is likely to be one of the major possible adap ...
Why Have the Leading Journals in Management
... THE COVERAGE OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE TOP JOURNALS ...
... THE COVERAGE OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE TOP JOURNALS ...
Paper 10: Climate Change Impacts on Coastal
... and islands, coastal ecosystems and their biodiversity are affected by changes in the processes that created and sustain them. They are intrinsically dynamic due to their exposure to alternate flooding and drying, winds, waves, tides, and storms. Organisms that inhabit coastal ecosystems are uniquel ...
... and islands, coastal ecosystems and their biodiversity are affected by changes in the processes that created and sustain them. They are intrinsically dynamic due to their exposure to alternate flooding and drying, winds, waves, tides, and storms. Organisms that inhabit coastal ecosystems are uniquel ...
Singapore`s Second National Climate Change Study Climate
... providing a range of realisations of the future climate. It was necessary to carefully select a subset of these so as to balance computational expense against the requirement to produce a range of plausible outcomes consistent with those assessed in the IPCC AR5. This sub-selection of models was bas ...
... providing a range of realisations of the future climate. It was necessary to carefully select a subset of these so as to balance computational expense against the requirement to produce a range of plausible outcomes consistent with those assessed in the IPCC AR5. This sub-selection of models was bas ...
Chapter 5 - Government.se
... significant changes in precipitation and evaporation in the region in the future. Figure 5.3 shows results for mean annual precipitation (P) and net precipitation/ evaporation (P-E). The latter is an approximate measure of available water for the formation of aquifers, soil moisture and drainage int ...
... significant changes in precipitation and evaporation in the region in the future. Figure 5.3 shows results for mean annual precipitation (P) and net precipitation/ evaporation (P-E). The latter is an approximate measure of available water for the formation of aquifers, soil moisture and drainage int ...
UK Climate Projections science report: Marine and coastal projections
... Chapter 3 deals with projections of sea level rise, both absolute and relative to land. The absolute sea level rise is that averaged around the British Isles, and originates from projections made by an ensemble of international climate models from different modelling centres (known as a multi-model ...
... Chapter 3 deals with projections of sea level rise, both absolute and relative to land. The absolute sea level rise is that averaged around the British Isles, and originates from projections made by an ensemble of international climate models from different modelling centres (known as a multi-model ...
Adapting to climate change: A perspective from evolutionary
... (IEA) announced a major opportunity to mitigate climate change presented by the downturn in carbon emissions resulting from the global financial crisis. Their forecast estimated an emissions reduction of 3%, bringing a future target of 450 ppm CO2 apparently within reasonable reach (IEA 2009). Whils ...
... (IEA) announced a major opportunity to mitigate climate change presented by the downturn in carbon emissions resulting from the global financial crisis. Their forecast estimated an emissions reduction of 3%, bringing a future target of 450 ppm CO2 apparently within reasonable reach (IEA 2009). Whils ...
Tree Seedling Establishment in Response to Warming and Nitrogen
... Figure 3.2 Percentage of seed bags with >0% germination in the field ................................. 31 Figure 3.3 Percent cumulative germination in the growth chamber by treatment .................. 32 Figure 3.4 Average daily temperatures taken 2 cm above the soil surface........................ ...
... Figure 3.2 Percentage of seed bags with >0% germination in the field ................................. 31 Figure 3.3 Percent cumulative germination in the growth chamber by treatment .................. 32 Figure 3.4 Average daily temperatures taken 2 cm above the soil surface........................ ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.