Polar Bears Are Smarter Than Al Gore
... Fish and Wildlife Service to list the polar bear as “threatened.” This petition was based, as described above, on studies of only two polar bear populations, and from this, the petition makes general statements about the entire worldwide polar bear population. Although the petition claims to be base ...
... Fish and Wildlife Service to list the polar bear as “threatened.” This petition was based, as described above, on studies of only two polar bear populations, and from this, the petition makes general statements about the entire worldwide polar bear population. Although the petition claims to be base ...
Biosphere feedbacks and climate change
... The increase of GHGs since pre-industrial time has created a positive radiative forcing, leading inevitably to an increase in the Earth’s surface temperature. Since the Industrial Revolution, the atmospheric concentration of CO2 has risen from its preindustrial value of around 280 parts per million ...
... The increase of GHGs since pre-industrial time has created a positive radiative forcing, leading inevitably to an increase in the Earth’s surface temperature. Since the Industrial Revolution, the atmospheric concentration of CO2 has risen from its preindustrial value of around 280 parts per million ...
Role of volcanic forcing on future global carbon cycle
... important element for the future model projections (Meehl et al., 2007). For the reasons mentioned above, it is therefore necessary to better understand the role of potential future volcanic forcings on the global carbon cycle to better interpret any uncertainties associated with future climate and ...
... important element for the future model projections (Meehl et al., 2007). For the reasons mentioned above, it is therefore necessary to better understand the role of potential future volcanic forcings on the global carbon cycle to better interpret any uncertainties associated with future climate and ...
Managing Coastal Vulnerability under Climate Change
... Warmer temperatures increase evaporation from ocean and land surfaces, resulting in increased precipitation elsewhere to balance the water cycle (39). IPCC projections indicate increased precipitation along the equator and at higher latitudes and decreased precipitation along lower to midlatitudes ( ...
... Warmer temperatures increase evaporation from ocean and land surfaces, resulting in increased precipitation elsewhere to balance the water cycle (39). IPCC projections indicate increased precipitation along the equator and at higher latitudes and decreased precipitation along lower to midlatitudes ( ...
John M. Pandolfi , 418 (2011); DOI: 10.1126/science.1204794
... threat of imminent collapse from OA. Fig. 3. Calcification response to changes in Ωarag observed in However, a considerably expanded experiments and in nature. Experiments using Ca to manipulate data set (45–51) incorporating more Ωarag and those reporting >80% mortality under elevated CO2 recent fi ...
... threat of imminent collapse from OA. Fig. 3. Calcification response to changes in Ωarag observed in However, a considerably expanded experiments and in nature. Experiments using Ca to manipulate data set (45–51) incorporating more Ωarag and those reporting >80% mortality under elevated CO2 recent fi ...
Durham Research Online
... computers; the goal is to simulate how Earth’s climate would change if greenhouse gas emissions were to rise at particular rates in the future. But there is uncertainty about how to build these climate models in such a way that predictions of future climate change will have desired accuracy. The unc ...
... computers; the goal is to simulate how Earth’s climate would change if greenhouse gas emissions were to rise at particular rates in the future. But there is uncertainty about how to build these climate models in such a way that predictions of future climate change will have desired accuracy. The unc ...
ELPIS-JP: a dataset of local-scale daily climate change scenarios for
... uncertainty of climate projections associated with using different GCMs and greenhouse gas and aerosol emission scenarios. Recently, 20 km grid atmosphereonly GCMs have been made feasible [1]. Yet, the simulation period and the size of ensembles are limited for such GCM experiments, constraining pro ...
... uncertainty of climate projections associated with using different GCMs and greenhouse gas and aerosol emission scenarios. Recently, 20 km grid atmosphereonly GCMs have been made feasible [1]. Yet, the simulation period and the size of ensembles are limited for such GCM experiments, constraining pro ...
Climate and Weather Discourse in Anthropology: From Determinism
... movements of information, people, and objects in their work, most noticeably in research dealing with debates about the hegemony of Western scientific knowledge, recognition of El Niño’s global reach, greater concerns about inequities and vulnerabilities, increased application of climate forecasts a ...
... movements of information, people, and objects in their work, most noticeably in research dealing with debates about the hegemony of Western scientific knowledge, recognition of El Niño’s global reach, greater concerns about inequities and vulnerabilities, increased application of climate forecasts a ...
1 CV KAREN L. O`BRIEN Department of Sociology and Human
... Change, 2012-. Lead Author, Chapter 20, Climate-Resilient Pathways: Adaptation, Mitigation, and Sustainable Development, IPCC Fifth Assessment Report. Member of the Core Writing Team, the Synthesis Report (SYR), IPCC Fifth Assessment Report. Coordinating Lead Author, Chapter 8, Towards a Sustainable ...
... Change, 2012-. Lead Author, Chapter 20, Climate-Resilient Pathways: Adaptation, Mitigation, and Sustainable Development, IPCC Fifth Assessment Report. Member of the Core Writing Team, the Synthesis Report (SYR), IPCC Fifth Assessment Report. Coordinating Lead Author, Chapter 8, Towards a Sustainable ...
PDF - Climate Diplomacy
... at different scales and with regard to different social outcomes. For instance, available evidence mainly supports the hypothesis that changes in mean temperature influence the risk of inter-personal violence, including assault and murder (e.g. see Ceccato 2005; Mares & Moffet 2016; Ranson 2014), wh ...
... at different scales and with regard to different social outcomes. For instance, available evidence mainly supports the hypothesis that changes in mean temperature influence the risk of inter-personal violence, including assault and murder (e.g. see Ceccato 2005; Mares & Moffet 2016; Ranson 2014), wh ...
Student Sheet 1.2: Where on Earth?
... speed but also by air pressure in the eye of the hurricane. The surge moves quickly across the ocean and may cause flooding when it contacts shorelines. Flooding produces higher casualties than any other aspect of a hurricane. The extent of flooding not only depends on the size of the storm surge bu ...
... speed but also by air pressure in the eye of the hurricane. The surge moves quickly across the ocean and may cause flooding when it contacts shorelines. Flooding produces higher casualties than any other aspect of a hurricane. The extent of flooding not only depends on the size of the storm surge bu ...
Climate change and ocean acidification in OSPAR
... global emissions of CO2 should be halved by 2050 (from 1990 levels) and in industrialised countries, emissions of CO2 should be reduced by 80% by 2050. WWF agrees that we have the means to reduce GHG emissions and as a result aim to restrain a dangerously changing climate – all we need now is the po ...
... global emissions of CO2 should be halved by 2050 (from 1990 levels) and in industrialised countries, emissions of CO2 should be reduced by 80% by 2050. WWF agrees that we have the means to reduce GHG emissions and as a result aim to restrain a dangerously changing climate – all we need now is the po ...
- Wiley Online Library
... COUPLED ATMOSPHERIC AND LAND SURFACE DYNAMICS OVER SOUTHEAST AUSTRALIA ...
... COUPLED ATMOSPHERIC AND LAND SURFACE DYNAMICS OVER SOUTHEAST AUSTRALIA ...
GCOS Switzerland
... paper describes the GCOS implementation in Switzerland and highlights some major achievements over the last few years. The Swiss GCOS Office was established at the Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss in February 2006, to coordinate all climate-relevant measurements in Switzerlan ...
... paper describes the GCOS implementation in Switzerland and highlights some major achievements over the last few years. The Swiss GCOS Office was established at the Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology MeteoSwiss in February 2006, to coordinate all climate-relevant measurements in Switzerlan ...
Climate Change Summits beyond Copenhagen
... The economic crisis and the emergence of new communication methods have led to a revolution in mainstream media, in which the parameters that have worked for years are rapidly changing. Mario Benedetti, a Uruguayan writer, was famously quoted as saying ‘When we believed that we finally had all the a ...
... The economic crisis and the emergence of new communication methods have led to a revolution in mainstream media, in which the parameters that have worked for years are rapidly changing. Mario Benedetti, a Uruguayan writer, was famously quoted as saying ‘When we believed that we finally had all the a ...
Flowering phenology in a species-rich temperate grassland is
... not affected by CO2 concentration (Fig. 1; Table 1); neither was there any significant interaction between CO2 and any of the other factors (Table 1). This lack of any CO2 effect was consistent across years, as demonstrated by the nonsignificant CO2 × year interaction (Table 1). In 2004, mean first ...
... not affected by CO2 concentration (Fig. 1; Table 1); neither was there any significant interaction between CO2 and any of the other factors (Table 1). This lack of any CO2 effect was consistent across years, as demonstrated by the nonsignificant CO2 × year interaction (Table 1). In 2004, mean first ...
Lost in the problem: the role of boundary organisations in the
... Like many environmental problems, climate change became perceptible only through increasing scientific knowledge. Scientific knowledge compiled by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has been at the heart of attempts to build a global policy regime centred on the UN Framework Conve ...
... Like many environmental problems, climate change became perceptible only through increasing scientific knowledge. Scientific knowledge compiled by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has been at the heart of attempts to build a global policy regime centred on the UN Framework Conve ...
“Duck Factory” of North America - American Meteorological Society
... populations, and seasonal hydroclimate are explored. Model experiments from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project are used to determine whether a recent wetting trend is due to natural variability or changing climate and how PPR hydroclimate will change into the future. Year-to-year v ...
... populations, and seasonal hydroclimate are explored. Model experiments from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project are used to determine whether a recent wetting trend is due to natural variability or changing climate and how PPR hydroclimate will change into the future. Year-to-year v ...
2.0 air quality, climate and climate change
... The variability of the earth’s climate has been the subject of much debate over the past decade as a result of the observation that emissions of air pollutants (greenhouse gases and ozone depleting substances) from human activity have had an observable effect on the chemical composition of the earth ...
... The variability of the earth’s climate has been the subject of much debate over the past decade as a result of the observation that emissions of air pollutants (greenhouse gases and ozone depleting substances) from human activity have had an observable effect on the chemical composition of the earth ...
Toward Climate Resilience - Union of Concerned Scientists
... Some climate adaptation measures provide multiple benefits within a system, while others exacerbate or even create new risks. In coastal areas, for example, improving natural ...
... Some climate adaptation measures provide multiple benefits within a system, while others exacerbate or even create new risks. In coastal areas, for example, improving natural ...
On predicting climate under climate change
... ensembles of several hundred members may be required to characterize a model’s climate and inform robust statements about the relative roles of different sources of climate prediction uncertainty. Keywords: uncertainty, ensembles, climate modelling, nonlinear systems S Online supplementary data avai ...
... ensembles of several hundred members may be required to characterize a model’s climate and inform robust statements about the relative roles of different sources of climate prediction uncertainty. Keywords: uncertainty, ensembles, climate modelling, nonlinear systems S Online supplementary data avai ...
Public views on climate change: European and USA Perspectives
... steps to address climate change will demand some difficult political, social and individual choices, which actors at different levels of decision-making are currently trying to make sense of. Even the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recognised that the sciences should be the source ...
... steps to address climate change will demand some difficult political, social and individual choices, which actors at different levels of decision-making are currently trying to make sense of. Even the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recognised that the sciences should be the source ...
Framing Climate: Implications for Local Government Policy
... Climate change is a relatively new area of policy development characterised by considerable uncertainties. These uncertainties were once dominated by questions over whether anthropogenic or natural factors are the root cause of climate change. However, the fourth assessment report of the Intergovern ...
... Climate change is a relatively new area of policy development characterised by considerable uncertainties. These uncertainties were once dominated by questions over whether anthropogenic or natural factors are the root cause of climate change. However, the fourth assessment report of the Intergovern ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.