- Inter-Tribal Council of Michigan, Inc.
... Michigan Tribes are currently experiencing the impacts of climate change: warmer average annual air and surface water temperatures, more volatile weather characterized by extreme precipitation events, decreases in duration and extremity of winter temperatures, and increases in duration of summer tem ...
... Michigan Tribes are currently experiencing the impacts of climate change: warmer average annual air and surface water temperatures, more volatile weather characterized by extreme precipitation events, decreases in duration and extremity of winter temperatures, and increases in duration of summer tem ...
Transient Earth system responses to cumulative
... nomic factors. Second, limitations in our process understanding likely lead to differences between the simulated response to emissions and the response of the actual system the model is intended to describe. This constitutes an additional uncertainty, termed the model or response uncertainty. Well-d ...
... nomic factors. Second, limitations in our process understanding likely lead to differences between the simulated response to emissions and the response of the actual system the model is intended to describe. This constitutes an additional uncertainty, termed the model or response uncertainty. Well-d ...
predicting_climate_change
... leaves is x and the day (fx) in which the percentage of fallen leaves is x (where x may ...
... leaves is x and the day (fx) in which the percentage of fallen leaves is x (where x may ...
Climate feedback efficiency and synergy - MPG.PuRe - Max
... allowing an attribution of the change in the radiative fluxes to the change in state. Feedbacks can be locked by prescribing for instance surface albedo, clouds or water vapor in the model radiation calculations to a climatology or states stored from another run. For example, Cess et al. (1991) comp ...
... allowing an attribution of the change in the radiative fluxes to the change in state. Feedbacks can be locked by prescribing for instance surface albedo, clouds or water vapor in the model radiation calculations to a climatology or states stored from another run. For example, Cess et al. (1991) comp ...
Review of Climate Change Adaptation Plan and Policies in Nepal
... key elements: mitigation, adaptation, finance and technology. The Plan also contains a nonexhaustive list of issues to be considered under each of these areas and calls for articulating a “shared vision for long-term cooperative action” (UNITAR, 2010). ...
... key elements: mitigation, adaptation, finance and technology. The Plan also contains a nonexhaustive list of issues to be considered under each of these areas and calls for articulating a “shared vision for long-term cooperative action” (UNITAR, 2010). ...
Climate change. - Institut für Kommunikations
... Codebook for the analysis of frames in online documents and newspaper articles Issues: Food safety/climate change This codebook is used to code frames mentioned in online documents and articles dealing with the issue of “food safety” or the issue of “climate change”. Definition of “food safety”: Foo ...
... Codebook for the analysis of frames in online documents and newspaper articles Issues: Food safety/climate change This codebook is used to code frames mentioned in online documents and articles dealing with the issue of “food safety” or the issue of “climate change”. Definition of “food safety”: Foo ...
environmental, economic and social impacts of
... are located at the Poles the stronger they reflect the solar radiation leading to the temperature drop, expansion of the area covered with ice etc. In terms of the climate the present turns to be another interim period between two glacier periods having started 9–10 thousand years ago. One should ta ...
... are located at the Poles the stronger they reflect the solar radiation leading to the temperature drop, expansion of the area covered with ice etc. In terms of the climate the present turns to be another interim period between two glacier periods having started 9–10 thousand years ago. One should ta ...
Coral Bleaching 1 2 - UW Atmospheric Sciences
... – The intense 1998 El Niño warmed the western Pacific, and Indian Oceans. What followed was widespread coral bleaching and mass coral mortality. Ocean warming can also indirectly kill corals by magnifying the effects of infec8ous diseases, which are one of the primary causes of coral loss (1) Acc ...
... – The intense 1998 El Niño warmed the western Pacific, and Indian Oceans. What followed was widespread coral bleaching and mass coral mortality. Ocean warming can also indirectly kill corals by magnifying the effects of infec8ous diseases, which are one of the primary causes of coral loss (1) Acc ...
Estimating Regions` Relative Vulnerability to Climate Damages in
... levels and more severe storms will increase the likelihood, extent, and intensity of regional droughts, floods, famine and disease. While some regions will adapt to extreme weather occurrences and longterm climate change, others will suffer serious damages, even in the face of the least severe clima ...
... levels and more severe storms will increase the likelihood, extent, and intensity of regional droughts, floods, famine and disease. While some regions will adapt to extreme weather occurrences and longterm climate change, others will suffer serious damages, even in the face of the least severe clima ...
REDD+ Mechanism_Overview
... change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere’ ...
... change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere’ ...
Deceitful Tongues: Is Climate Change Denial A Crime?
... to a Senate committee that: “It’s time to stop waffling . . . and say that the greenhouse effect is here and is affecting our climate now.”4 As a result of press coverage of the committee’s proceedings, the climate change issue seemed to move “from science to the policy realm almost overnight,”5 and ...
... to a Senate committee that: “It’s time to stop waffling . . . and say that the greenhouse effect is here and is affecting our climate now.”4 As a result of press coverage of the committee’s proceedings, the climate change issue seemed to move “from science to the policy realm almost overnight,”5 and ...
Jul 2, 2016 - Science and Environmental Policy Project
... dominant role, but is not consistent with simulations that include only natural forcings and internal climate variability. These results provide the first clear evidence of a discernible human fingerprint on physiological vegetation changes other than phenology and range shifts.” The findings are ba ...
... dominant role, but is not consistent with simulations that include only natural forcings and internal climate variability. These results provide the first clear evidence of a discernible human fingerprint on physiological vegetation changes other than phenology and range shifts.” The findings are ba ...
INSTRUCTOR GUIDE Chapter 11 Antarctica and Neogene
... Over the last 40 years, numerous studies have used sediment cores recovered from the ocean floor to examine the history of the Earth’s climate during the Cenozoic (the last 65 million years). Many of these studies have identified changes in the Earth’s climate during the Cenozoic and have invoked co ...
... Over the last 40 years, numerous studies have used sediment cores recovered from the ocean floor to examine the history of the Earth’s climate during the Cenozoic (the last 65 million years). Many of these studies have identified changes in the Earth’s climate during the Cenozoic and have invoked co ...
Mechanism of Interdecadal Thermohaline Circulation Variability in a
... the North Atlantic occurs in the coupled global model of Delworth et al. (1993). The mechanism responsible for the variability is the reduced heat transport of a weaker THC that leads to the formation of a cold dense pool in the central North Atlantic. This cold dense water results in a stronger sub ...
... the North Atlantic occurs in the coupled global model of Delworth et al. (1993). The mechanism responsible for the variability is the reduced heat transport of a weaker THC that leads to the formation of a cold dense pool in the central North Atlantic. This cold dense water results in a stronger sub ...
Global Warming and Economic Externalities
... (mainly CO 2 ) concentrations given her (and everybody else's) consumption, production, and investment choices. Although she is aware of the collective consequences of her actions, she thinks her individual contribution to the overall result is negligible. Consequently, she will not reduce her produ ...
... (mainly CO 2 ) concentrations given her (and everybody else's) consumption, production, and investment choices. Although she is aware of the collective consequences of her actions, she thinks her individual contribution to the overall result is negligible. Consequently, she will not reduce her produ ...
Australia`s Energy Sector – Drivers for Change
... the impact if they do – is recommended for decision makers to underpin efforts to reduce the risks of damage from sea-level rises as cost effectively as possible. When assessing risks and adaptation strategies it is important that decision makers, planners, and local and state governments look at th ...
... the impact if they do – is recommended for decision makers to underpin efforts to reduce the risks of damage from sea-level rises as cost effectively as possible. When assessing risks and adaptation strategies it is important that decision makers, planners, and local and state governments look at th ...
The Demographic Implications of Climate Change for Aotearoa New
... The international literature reveals little about changes in fertility as a result of climate change. While global fertility clearly has large implications for future population growth and therefore flow-on effects on carbon emissions and climate change, there is to date no evidence of effects of cl ...
... The international literature reveals little about changes in fertility as a result of climate change. While global fertility clearly has large implications for future population growth and therefore flow-on effects on carbon emissions and climate change, there is to date no evidence of effects of cl ...
Granger causality from changes in level of atmospheric CO2 to
... cal mechanisms. Chen and Tung (2014) place these proposed explanations into two categories. The first involves a reduction in radiative forcing: by a decrease in stratospheric water vapour, an increase in background stratospheric volcanic aerosols, by 17 small volcano eruptions since 1999, increasin ...
... cal mechanisms. Chen and Tung (2014) place these proposed explanations into two categories. The first involves a reduction in radiative forcing: by a decrease in stratospheric water vapour, an increase in background stratospheric volcanic aerosols, by 17 small volcano eruptions since 1999, increasin ...
Estimating climate change effects on net primary production of
... services derived from rangelands, such as fuelwood and protein, however, is uncertain as are impacts expected from climate change. In general, across the extent of U.S. rangelands, climate change is being expressed as warmer temperatures and variable precipitation which are expected to continue into ...
... services derived from rangelands, such as fuelwood and protein, however, is uncertain as are impacts expected from climate change. In general, across the extent of U.S. rangelands, climate change is being expressed as warmer temperatures and variable precipitation which are expected to continue into ...
Eco-environmental degradation in the northeastern margin of the
... 1970s, and it decreased by 0.3–0.4C in 1980s. However, air temperature was higher by 0.6–0.8C in 1990s compared to 1980s. Mean summer temperature showed an ascending trend from 1960s to 1990s for all four regions surveyed with maximums which occurred in 1990s (Table 2). The mean winter temperature ...
... 1970s, and it decreased by 0.3–0.4C in 1980s. However, air temperature was higher by 0.6–0.8C in 1990s compared to 1980s. Mean summer temperature showed an ascending trend from 1960s to 1990s for all four regions surveyed with maximums which occurred in 1990s (Table 2). The mean winter temperature ...
Gary Yohe - Evaulating Adaptation Methods
... technological options (Determinant 1 in Table 1), operate on micro scales that are precisely location specific even if the complete set of possible remedies were larger. If one were concerned about flood control, for example, available adaptations would be determined by the local conditions of the r ...
... technological options (Determinant 1 in Table 1), operate on micro scales that are precisely location specific even if the complete set of possible remedies were larger. If one were concerned about flood control, for example, available adaptations would be determined by the local conditions of the r ...
Adaptive Thermoregulation in Endotherms May
... and governments and has become a central topic in biological research. Considerable effort is being invested in determining the best methods to measure the current impacts of climate change and model the future effects (Chown et al. 2010). One of the most obvious results of climate change is that en ...
... and governments and has become a central topic in biological research. Considerable effort is being invested in determining the best methods to measure the current impacts of climate change and model the future effects (Chown et al. 2010). One of the most obvious results of climate change is that en ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.