France`s adaptation to global climate change
... that its effects may already be felt across a number of natural and human systems and that preventive measures are necessary. It is clearly distinct from mitigation efforts, which must be carried out through «an anthropogenic intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gase ...
... that its effects may already be felt across a number of natural and human systems and that preventive measures are necessary. It is clearly distinct from mitigation efforts, which must be carried out through «an anthropogenic intervention to reduce the sources or enhance the sinks of greenhouse gase ...
Climate Change and Your Health: Rising Temperatures, Worsening
... in an air quality and climate review article (Jacob and Winner 2009) and of those, we restricted the studies to those involving the United States. There was one study that focused on air quality modeling in the Los Angeles basin and Sacramento Valley (Taha 2001). More such studies are needed befo ...
... in an air quality and climate review article (Jacob and Winner 2009) and of those, we restricted the studies to those involving the United States. There was one study that focused on air quality modeling in the Los Angeles basin and Sacramento Valley (Taha 2001). More such studies are needed befo ...
Will groundwater ease freshwater stress under climate change?
... Global temperature changes are accompanied by changes in other climatic variables. Patterns of precipitation change are more spatially and temporally variable than temperature change. Based on sparse observation records, there is no statistically significant long-term trend in the time series of glo ...
... Global temperature changes are accompanied by changes in other climatic variables. Patterns of precipitation change are more spatially and temporally variable than temperature change. Based on sparse observation records, there is no statistically significant long-term trend in the time series of glo ...
Curriculum Vitae - Department of Atmospheric Sciences
... Biogeochemical Processes in the Northern High Latitudes on Global Climate Feedbacks Using an Efficient Scalable Earth System Model”, September 2011 – August 2015. The U.S. Department Of Agriculture (USDA) funded project entitled “Useful to Usable (U2U): Transforming Climate Variability and Change In ...
... Biogeochemical Processes in the Northern High Latitudes on Global Climate Feedbacks Using an Efficient Scalable Earth System Model”, September 2011 – August 2015. The U.S. Department Of Agriculture (USDA) funded project entitled “Useful to Usable (U2U): Transforming Climate Variability and Change In ...
The Impact of Climate Change and Human Activity on Net Primary
... (AH) in every county from 2000-12. In this study, the average values of the three indicators for this period were used to compare differences on a spatial scale. To analyze the effects of human activity on vegetation, this study made a correlation analysis at the county ...
... (AH) in every county from 2000-12. In this study, the average values of the three indicators for this period were used to compare differences on a spatial scale. To analyze the effects of human activity on vegetation, this study made a correlation analysis at the county ...
Velocity of climate change algorithms for guiding conservation and
... representing present (p) and future (f) climate values and their x and y coordinates in a gridded dataset. p[i] denotes the i-th element in the vector. Line 1 creates a string of consecutive identification numbers, and line 2 initiates a processing loop for all present climate values. Line 3 extract ...
... representing present (p) and future (f) climate values and their x and y coordinates in a gridded dataset. p[i] denotes the i-th element in the vector. Line 1 creates a string of consecutive identification numbers, and line 2 initiates a processing loop for all present climate values. Line 3 extract ...
Temperature Affects Western Pond Turtle Development 1
... habitat alterations. Temperatures are expected to continue to rise in the future, along with ...
... habitat alterations. Temperatures are expected to continue to rise in the future, along with ...
Sea-level Rise Projections
... coastal bay shores. Shorelines eroded and low-relief lands and islands, some previously inhabited, were inundated. Prior to the 20th century, this was largely due to the slow sinking of the land since Earth’s crust is still adjusting to the melting of large masses of ice following the last glacial p ...
... coastal bay shores. Shorelines eroded and low-relief lands and islands, some previously inhabited, were inundated. Prior to the 20th century, this was largely due to the slow sinking of the land since Earth’s crust is still adjusting to the melting of large masses of ice following the last glacial p ...
13_02 Unstable Climates
... In his 1915 book Civilization and Climate, Ellsworth Huntington dedicates an entire chapter to describing what he refers to as ‘The Ideal Climate’. The centrepiece of the chapter is an analysis of climate characterizations based on temperature ranges, relative humidity and frequency of cyclonic stor ...
... In his 1915 book Civilization and Climate, Ellsworth Huntington dedicates an entire chapter to describing what he refers to as ‘The Ideal Climate’. The centrepiece of the chapter is an analysis of climate characterizations based on temperature ranges, relative humidity and frequency of cyclonic stor ...
Texas Coastal Bend Regional Climate Change Vulnerability
... Past trends provide strong support for the direct correlation between carbon dioxide concentrations and temperature variations (Figure 5; National Research Council 2010). Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases trap and re-emit heat into Earth’s system. With higher concentrations of GHG in the ...
... Past trends provide strong support for the direct correlation between carbon dioxide concentrations and temperature variations (Figure 5; National Research Council 2010). Carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases trap and re-emit heat into Earth’s system. With higher concentrations of GHG in the ...
Producing the Climate: States, Scientists, and the
... However, as Wendt argues, this functionalist logic brackets the stage in which objective conditions are translated into an intersubjective problem that states can address.11 An explanation for the emergence of governance institutions is at best incomplete if it does not include an account of how the ...
... However, as Wendt argues, this functionalist logic brackets the stage in which objective conditions are translated into an intersubjective problem that states can address.11 An explanation for the emergence of governance institutions is at best incomplete if it does not include an account of how the ...
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... aspects. It might be the major concern to human being because warming will be directly related to food consumption and human health if it especially decreases agricultural production. It is not surprising that global warming has been receiving a lot of people’s attention. According to Oreskes (2004) ...
... aspects. It might be the major concern to human being because warming will be directly related to food consumption and human health if it especially decreases agricultural production. It is not surprising that global warming has been receiving a lot of people’s attention. According to Oreskes (2004) ...
Episodic Ocean-Induced CO2 Greenhouse on Mars: Implications for
... Mars’ atmosphere relatively late in the planet’s history, we utilized the climate model of Haberle et al. (1994). This model was originally employed to explore how the evolution of surface temperatures and pressures on Mars from 4.5 Ga to the present depends upon the initial CO2 abundances. The Habe ...
... Mars’ atmosphere relatively late in the planet’s history, we utilized the climate model of Haberle et al. (1994). This model was originally employed to explore how the evolution of surface temperatures and pressures on Mars from 4.5 Ga to the present depends upon the initial CO2 abundances. The Habe ...
Climate: Observations, projections and impacts
... climate has changed and will continue to change in future in response to human activities. Across the world, this is already being felt as changes to the local weather that people experience every day. Our ability to provide useful information to help everyone understand how their environment has ch ...
... climate has changed and will continue to change in future in response to human activities. Across the world, this is already being felt as changes to the local weather that people experience every day. Our ability to provide useful information to help everyone understand how their environment has ch ...
Climate change hits home
... San Francisco Bay Area We have known about the perils of climate change for more than two decades. But global efforts to slow it down by reducing greenhouse-gas emissions have largely failed. Even where major efforts are moving forward, such as California’s Assembly Bill 32, planned reductions will ...
... San Francisco Bay Area We have known about the perils of climate change for more than two decades. But global efforts to slow it down by reducing greenhouse-gas emissions have largely failed. Even where major efforts are moving forward, such as California’s Assembly Bill 32, planned reductions will ...
Projected ocean warming creates a conservation challenge for river
... contributing to changes in fish abundance, and as a factor that can magnify the effects of fishing, which include not only changes in abundance but also changes in population demographics, distributions, trophic interactions, and ecosystem resiliency (Planque et al., 2010; Shelton and Mangel, 2011). ...
... contributing to changes in fish abundance, and as a factor that can magnify the effects of fishing, which include not only changes in abundance but also changes in population demographics, distributions, trophic interactions, and ecosystem resiliency (Planque et al., 2010; Shelton and Mangel, 2011). ...
Static mass-balance sensitivity of Arctic glaciers and ice caps using
... of net mass balances enable a more distinct link to meteorological parameters (Dyurgerov and Meier, 1999), while daily instead of monthly climate data are used because the transition between summer and winter will shift under a changing climate (Oerlemans and Fortuin, 1992). The use of daily data ...
... of net mass balances enable a more distinct link to meteorological parameters (Dyurgerov and Meier, 1999), while daily instead of monthly climate data are used because the transition between summer and winter will shift under a changing climate (Oerlemans and Fortuin, 1992). The use of daily data ...
North Pacific Climate Response to Freshwater Forcing in the
... Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307. E-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1175/2008JCLI2511.1 Ó 2009 American Meteorological Society ...
... Research, P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307. E-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1175/2008JCLI2511.1 Ó 2009 American Meteorological Society ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.