Overpeck and Cole, 2006
... The reality of anthropogenic global warming is by now well established, but the pace and amplitude of future change remains uncertain, particularly on a regional basis (1). A growing body of evidence from past climate studies argues that even if radiative forcing changes gradually, the climate syste ...
... The reality of anthropogenic global warming is by now well established, but the pace and amplitude of future change remains uncertain, particularly on a regional basis (1). A growing body of evidence from past climate studies argues that even if radiative forcing changes gradually, the climate syste ...
PRACTICE TEST 13
... effect, by which the heat of the sun is trapped. This leads to the warming up of the planet. Politicians are also concerned about climate change and there are now regular summits on the subject, attended by representatives from around 180 of the world’s industrialized countries. Of these summits, th ...
... effect, by which the heat of the sun is trapped. This leads to the warming up of the planet. Politicians are also concerned about climate change and there are now regular summits on the subject, attended by representatives from around 180 of the world’s industrialized countries. Of these summits, th ...
Dynamical downscaling from climate
... 2008). CCAM includes a fairly comprehensive set of physical parameterisations. The GFDL parameterisations for long-wave and short-wave radiation (Schwarzkopf and Fels 1991, Lacis and Hansen 1974) are employed, with interactive cloud distributions determined by the liquid- and ice-water scheme of Rot ...
... 2008). CCAM includes a fairly comprehensive set of physical parameterisations. The GFDL parameterisations for long-wave and short-wave radiation (Schwarzkopf and Fels 1991, Lacis and Hansen 1974) are employed, with interactive cloud distributions determined by the liquid- and ice-water scheme of Rot ...
23-3_sabine
... et al. (1979) commented in an article in Science that “…unless [inorganic carbon] measurements that are more accurate by an order of magnitude can be made, at least a decade will pass before direct confirmation of the model-based [anthropogenic CO2 uptake] estimates will be obtained.” These words tu ...
... et al. (1979) commented in an article in Science that “…unless [inorganic carbon] measurements that are more accurate by an order of magnitude can be made, at least a decade will pass before direct confirmation of the model-based [anthropogenic CO2 uptake] estimates will be obtained.” These words tu ...
Mesozoic Climates. - Return to Home Page
... soils, sediments and rocks (geosphere). Only by consideration of the climate system in these terms is it possible to understand the flows and cycles of energy and matter in the atmosphere, an understanding which is required to investigate the causes (and effects) of climatic change. Having stressed ...
... soils, sediments and rocks (geosphere). Only by consideration of the climate system in these terms is it possible to understand the flows and cycles of energy and matter in the atmosphere, an understanding which is required to investigate the causes (and effects) of climatic change. Having stressed ...
Confronting Climate Change in the US Northeast
... of New Hampshire), Stephen D. McCormick (USGS, Turners Falls, MA), Sarah Nicholls (Michigan State University), Alan Nogee (Union of Concerned Scientists), David A. Orwig (Harvard Forest, Harvard University), Bart Ostro (CalEPA), Yude Pan (USDA Forest Service), Mark Pelling (King’s College, London), ...
... of New Hampshire), Stephen D. McCormick (USGS, Turners Falls, MA), Sarah Nicholls (Michigan State University), Alan Nogee (Union of Concerned Scientists), David A. Orwig (Harvard Forest, Harvard University), Bart Ostro (CalEPA), Yude Pan (USDA Forest Service), Mark Pelling (King’s College, London), ...
National Research Council Report
... Science is a process of exploration of ideas―hypotheses are proposed and research is conducted to investigate. Other scientists work on the issue, producing supporting or negating evidence, and each hypothesis either survives for another round, evolves into other ideas, or is proven false and reject ...
... Science is a process of exploration of ideas―hypotheses are proposed and research is conducted to investigate. Other scientists work on the issue, producing supporting or negating evidence, and each hypothesis either survives for another round, evolves into other ideas, or is proven false and reject ...
Climate Change in the La Plata Basin
... southeast of South America. Part of the knowledge of the impacts of climate variability in the hydrology of the Plata basin was developed in the PROSUR project ...
... southeast of South America. Part of the knowledge of the impacts of climate variability in the hydrology of the Plata basin was developed in the PROSUR project ...
the scientific article as a Word document here
... adaptation already taking place? Who is adapting, to what, and how? Does adaptation differ between and within nations, regions, sectors? Are adaptations consistent with the risks posed by climate change? We have snapshots on these questions. IPCC AR4 provides selected examples of adaptation in pract ...
... adaptation already taking place? Who is adapting, to what, and how? Does adaptation differ between and within nations, regions, sectors? Are adaptations consistent with the risks posed by climate change? We have snapshots on these questions. IPCC AR4 provides selected examples of adaptation in pract ...
Climate Change Analysis
... Table 4.1 Loss of glacier cover by watershed (1986-2000)................................................................................. 36 Table A.1 Station locations.................................................................................................................................. 5 ...
... Table 4.1 Loss of glacier cover by watershed (1986-2000)................................................................................. 36 Table A.1 Station locations.................................................................................................................................. 5 ...
NPS SWAN report - UAF SNAP - University of Alaska Fairbanks
... and species assemblages. Inland, future scenarios focused on impacts to vegetation, wildlife, ...
... and species assemblages. Inland, future scenarios focused on impacts to vegetation, wildlife, ...
Vanishing Polar Ice Sheets
... when geochemical measurements indicate global surface temperature was ~3◦ C warmer than today, and global sea-level was ~25±5 m higher. This implies the loss of the Greenland ice sheet, the West Antarctic ice sheet and a part of the much larger East Antarctic ice sheet. Both field evidence and model ...
... when geochemical measurements indicate global surface temperature was ~3◦ C warmer than today, and global sea-level was ~25±5 m higher. This implies the loss of the Greenland ice sheet, the West Antarctic ice sheet and a part of the much larger East Antarctic ice sheet. Both field evidence and model ...
i4332e04
... Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to avoid disastrous impacts. Regarding global precipitation changes, it has been suggested that the precipitation increase will be around 2 percent for each degree of warming (Rummukainen, 2014). However, global climate response to the various forcings is not un ...
... Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to avoid disastrous impacts. Regarding global precipitation changes, it has been suggested that the precipitation increase will be around 2 percent for each degree of warming (Rummukainen, 2014). However, global climate response to the various forcings is not un ...
Faith Based Statements on Climate Change
... It ends with the commitments: to develop an energy fund for carbon reduction; to teach climate justice at all ages and levels of the church; to stay connected as a consortium for climate justice; to support outside initiatives aimed at emissions reduction, to provide support for people directly affe ...
... It ends with the commitments: to develop an energy fund for carbon reduction; to teach climate justice at all ages and levels of the church; to stay connected as a consortium for climate justice; to support outside initiatives aimed at emissions reduction, to provide support for people directly affe ...
Adaption to climate-related changes in seagrass ecosystems in
... facing the ecosystems they depend on, and whether they are taking adaptive action on a local level. Seagrass ecosystems are affected by both human and climate drivers, and their interaction is complex and differs around the globe. Some changes seen in these systems can be attributed to climate effec ...
... facing the ecosystems they depend on, and whether they are taking adaptive action on a local level. Seagrass ecosystems are affected by both human and climate drivers, and their interaction is complex and differs around the globe. Some changes seen in these systems can be attributed to climate effec ...
Fors..a og baks..a - Arctic Portal Library
... 3. That explicit protocols be developed for simple and relatively inexpensive manipulations of air temperature (such as by small greenhouses) and snow cover (as by snow fences) at participating sites; 4. That sets of selected individuals in field transplant gardens be subjected to a common garden ( ...
... 3. That explicit protocols be developed for simple and relatively inexpensive manipulations of air temperature (such as by small greenhouses) and snow cover (as by snow fences) at participating sites; 4. That sets of selected individuals in field transplant gardens be subjected to a common garden ( ...
Climate change science and Victoria
... Table 3: Individual station and average composite of key statistics of the Forest Fire Danger index (FFDI): mean annual cumulative FFDI and the linear trends of that quantity expressed as a percentage of the mean value for the full available record (1973–2015); number of days per years of severe FFD ...
... Table 3: Individual station and average composite of key statistics of the Forest Fire Danger index (FFDI): mean annual cumulative FFDI and the linear trends of that quantity expressed as a percentage of the mean value for the full available record (1973–2015); number of days per years of severe FFD ...
Permafrost-and-Climate
... studies, images, references and further resources. There are limited case studies included. Students can develop their own portfolio of case studies as part of coursework activities These resources may be used for educational purposes only, for other uses please contact the author ...
... studies, images, references and further resources. There are limited case studies included. Students can develop their own portfolio of case studies as part of coursework activities These resources may be used for educational purposes only, for other uses please contact the author ...
Historical and Idealized Climate Model Experiments: An EMIC
... community contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. Historical simulations start at 850 CE and continue through to 2005. The standard simulations include changes in forcing from solar luminosity, Earth’s orbital configuration, CO2, additional greenhouse g ...
... community contribution to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report. Historical simulations start at 850 CE and continue through to 2005. The standard simulations include changes in forcing from solar luminosity, Earth’s orbital configuration, CO2, additional greenhouse g ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.