3.1.13 Caspian Sea level fluctuations as a consequence of regional
... external factors such as solar radiation or absorbing gas concentration is known, it is a major task to translate such changes into an accurate assessment of the resulting climate change. This difficulty occurs primarily because the terrestrial climate system can respond to the imposed changes by re ...
... external factors such as solar radiation or absorbing gas concentration is known, it is a major task to translate such changes into an accurate assessment of the resulting climate change. This difficulty occurs primarily because the terrestrial climate system can respond to the imposed changes by re ...
Link to full document - Joint Program on the Science and Policy of
... Island Sound being too warm to cool the plant. In Illinois that year, cooling ponds were exceeding 37°C and the EPA granted special permission for plant operations despite exceeding temperature restrictions and water withdrawal limitations. As climate change worsens over the coming decades, we can e ...
... Island Sound being too warm to cool the plant. In Illinois that year, cooling ponds were exceeding 37°C and the EPA granted special permission for plant operations despite exceeding temperature restrictions and water withdrawal limitations. As climate change worsens over the coming decades, we can e ...
- OpenKnowledge@NAU
... that the overall findings of that consensus are correct (Bedford & Cook, 2013). There is no scientific controversy although there is an ongoing systematic interrogation of knowledge claims. The misrepresentations of the scientific knowledge on climate change by Shani and Arad (2014) provides a basis ...
... that the overall findings of that consensus are correct (Bedford & Cook, 2013). There is no scientific controversy although there is an ongoing systematic interrogation of knowledge claims. The misrepresentations of the scientific knowledge on climate change by Shani and Arad (2014) provides a basis ...
Energy and water additions give rise to simple responses in plant
... sensitivity of a cold, dry ecosystem to climate change. Infrared radiators were used to provide two levels of supplemental radiation (T1 and T2) to prostrate dwarf-shrub, herb tundra in northwest Greenland. The higher radiation addition was combined with supplemental water in a factorial design. Rad ...
... sensitivity of a cold, dry ecosystem to climate change. Infrared radiators were used to provide two levels of supplemental radiation (T1 and T2) to prostrate dwarf-shrub, herb tundra in northwest Greenland. The higher radiation addition was combined with supplemental water in a factorial design. Rad ...
The Future of the Thermohaline Circulation – A
... the remarkable sequences of abrupt warmings and slower coolings registered in various ice cores from the Greenland ice sheet. They serve as model events although it should be noted that they are signals at a very remote and special location on the planet. Dansgaard et al. (1993) counted 24 of these ...
... the remarkable sequences of abrupt warmings and slower coolings registered in various ice cores from the Greenland ice sheet. They serve as model events although it should be noted that they are signals at a very remote and special location on the planet. Dansgaard et al. (1993) counted 24 of these ...
McCaffery 2010
... Mountains suggest that snowpack will continue to decrease and snowmelt will occur at an increasingly earlier date (33). Because effects of decreased winter severity were uniformly positive, our results indicate that this climate trend will increase population viability of R. luteiventris in this mou ...
... Mountains suggest that snowpack will continue to decrease and snowmelt will occur at an increasingly earlier date (33). Because effects of decreased winter severity were uniformly positive, our results indicate that this climate trend will increase population viability of R. luteiventris in this mou ...
New Topics, Summer 2011: Climate Change and
... or nature. It is logical to also assume that the faster the rate of climate change, the greater the level of social dislocation. Climate change is however only one of many factors at play in inciting conflict. History, geography, demography, and many other factors are also important. Climate change ...
... or nature. It is logical to also assume that the faster the rate of climate change, the greater the level of social dislocation. Climate change is however only one of many factors at play in inciting conflict. History, geography, demography, and many other factors are also important. Climate change ...
Sahelian climate
... al. (2002) reveals that the intraseasonal migration of rainfall maxima is a discontinuous and nonlinear process with three main phases: (i) the preonset or arrival of the intertropical front (ITF) at 15ºN in May, bringing enough moisture for isolated convective system to develop over the Sahel; (ii) ...
... al. (2002) reveals that the intraseasonal migration of rainfall maxima is a discontinuous and nonlinear process with three main phases: (i) the preonset or arrival of the intertropical front (ITF) at 15ºN in May, bringing enough moisture for isolated convective system to develop over the Sahel; (ii) ...
Influence of Patterns of Climate Variability on the Difference
... the troposphere warmed less rapidly over the same time period. However, it is important to keep in mind that the exact magnitude of the difference between surface and lower-tropospheric warming is subject to observational uncertainty in both satellite and radiosonde data (see, e.g., Santer et al. 19 ...
... the troposphere warmed less rapidly over the same time period. However, it is important to keep in mind that the exact magnitude of the difference between surface and lower-tropospheric warming is subject to observational uncertainty in both satellite and radiosonde data (see, e.g., Santer et al. 19 ...
Impacts of Climate Change on London`s Transport Systems
... with a maximum temperature of at least 25°C is likely to double by the 2020s and increase by 3 to 5 times by the 2050s. Days with temperatures exceeding 30°C will also become more common, as will extreme temperatures such as those experienced during the heat wave of August 2003. Heat island The cent ...
... with a maximum temperature of at least 25°C is likely to double by the 2020s and increase by 3 to 5 times by the 2050s. Days with temperatures exceeding 30°C will also become more common, as will extreme temperatures such as those experienced during the heat wave of August 2003. Heat island The cent ...
Endogenous growth, convexity of damages and climate risk: how Nordhaus framework supports deep cuts in carbon emissions
... could have long-lasting impacts on growth (Stern, 2013) and there is now an emerging body of empirical evidence pointing in this direction (e.g. Dell et al., 2012), even though climatic conditions in the recent past have been relatively stable compared with what we now have to contemplate. Second, w ...
... could have long-lasting impacts on growth (Stern, 2013) and there is now an emerging body of empirical evidence pointing in this direction (e.g. Dell et al., 2012), even though climatic conditions in the recent past have been relatively stable compared with what we now have to contemplate. Second, w ...
Potential Impacts of Climate Change on BC Hydro`s Water Resources
... concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG) that trap heat in the atmosphere is, however, taking place at an unprecedented rate. The scientific evidence that this trend is at least partially caused by the emissions produced by burning fossil fuels, and is likely to continue for many decades, is compell ...
... concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG) that trap heat in the atmosphere is, however, taking place at an unprecedented rate. The scientific evidence that this trend is at least partially caused by the emissions produced by burning fossil fuels, and is likely to continue for many decades, is compell ...
Projected Climate Change and the Appalachian Trail
... and significant changes in precipitation patterns. Climate change would create three types of impacts on the A.T.: 1. changes in the hiker experience; 2. changes in the distribution of birds, animals and plants inhabiting the A.T. corridor; and 3. changes due to more extreme climate Changes in the H ...
... and significant changes in precipitation patterns. Climate change would create three types of impacts on the A.T.: 1. changes in the hiker experience; 2. changes in the distribution of birds, animals and plants inhabiting the A.T. corridor; and 3. changes due to more extreme climate Changes in the H ...
PPAI Goals - US CLIVAR
... - Role of ENSO in drought - Role of ENSO in US prediction skill - Role of ENSO in hurricane development * Tasks would include studies of predictability & experimental predictions for tropical Pacific variability characteristics * Leverage ongoing decadal predictability experiments at GFDL & NCAR; ex ...
... - Role of ENSO in drought - Role of ENSO in US prediction skill - Role of ENSO in hurricane development * Tasks would include studies of predictability & experimental predictions for tropical Pacific variability characteristics * Leverage ongoing decadal predictability experiments at GFDL & NCAR; ex ...
Will Amazonia Dry Out? Magnitude and Causes of Change from
... region, the vulnerability to biome change there should be lower than in the SAB, and the results are not discussed in detail here. Box averages for many ecosystem variables in these two regions (SAB and WA) were calculated for both the base climatology period (1961–90) and the future climatology (20 ...
... region, the vulnerability to biome change there should be lower than in the SAB, and the results are not discussed in detail here. Box averages for many ecosystem variables in these two regions (SAB and WA) were calculated for both the base climatology period (1961–90) and the future climatology (20 ...
Retreat of Himalayan Glaciers – Indicator of Climate Change
... climate represents a particularly sensitive approach. On the global scale, air temperature is considered to be the most important factor reflecting glacier retreat, but this has not been demonstrated for tropical glaciers. Mass balance studies of glaciers indicate that the contributions of all mount ...
... climate represents a particularly sensitive approach. On the global scale, air temperature is considered to be the most important factor reflecting glacier retreat, but this has not been demonstrated for tropical glaciers. Mass balance studies of glaciers indicate that the contributions of all mount ...
PDF - sudan academy of sciences
... whether to adopt the adapted technology under the perturbed climate. In this respect, a comparison was made between pastoralists' economic and social situations under public rangeland and the prevailing technology options on the one hand, and facilities provided by the Butana Development Agency (BDA ...
... whether to adopt the adapted technology under the perturbed climate. In this respect, a comparison was made between pastoralists' economic and social situations under public rangeland and the prevailing technology options on the one hand, and facilities provided by the Butana Development Agency (BDA ...
Report
... There is unequivocal evidence that our climate system is warming-- global average air and ocean temperatures are increasing, and as a result, polar ice cap and glacier melting is accelerating, and global average sea level is rising.5 According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), ...
... There is unequivocal evidence that our climate system is warming-- global average air and ocean temperatures are increasing, and as a result, polar ice cap and glacier melting is accelerating, and global average sea level is rising.5 According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), ...
Climate modeling at various spatial and temporal scales: where can
... General Circulation Models (GCMs) are essentially weather-forecasting models which operate at lower spatial resolution in order to integrate the governing equations much further ahead in time (years to decades as opposed to days for forecast models). They attempt to incorporate as many elements of t ...
... General Circulation Models (GCMs) are essentially weather-forecasting models which operate at lower spatial resolution in order to integrate the governing equations much further ahead in time (years to decades as opposed to days for forecast models). They attempt to incorporate as many elements of t ...
Trends of surface humidity and temperature during 1951
... Beijing Meteorological Station are very close to the theoretical values, but with seasonal variations. When the temperature is greater than 295 K, the curve which directly used the coefficients over the pure water is out of 95% confident boundary. Therefore, it is advised to estimate these parameter ...
... Beijing Meteorological Station are very close to the theoretical values, but with seasonal variations. When the temperature is greater than 295 K, the curve which directly used the coefficients over the pure water is out of 95% confident boundary. Therefore, it is advised to estimate these parameter ...
Climate Scientists Respond
... precipitation, and their variability, and hence on future crop yields and (2) other consequences of fossil fuelburning such as rising ozone pollution that will reduce crop yields. The bottom line for crop yields: combined effects of fossil-fuel burning (rising CO2, rising O3, climate change) are unc ...
... precipitation, and their variability, and hence on future crop yields and (2) other consequences of fossil fuelburning such as rising ozone pollution that will reduce crop yields. The bottom line for crop yields: combined effects of fossil-fuel burning (rising CO2, rising O3, climate change) are unc ...
(2007) Interactions between climate change and contaminants
... An overview of the main results is given in Lehtonen et al. (2006). Systems like the Baltic, exhibiting strong hydrographic gradients, appear to be particularly prone to hazardous substances under changing environmental conditions. Many of the species living there are of marine origin with a limited ...
... An overview of the main results is given in Lehtonen et al. (2006). Systems like the Baltic, exhibiting strong hydrographic gradients, appear to be particularly prone to hazardous substances under changing environmental conditions. Many of the species living there are of marine origin with a limited ...
Possible impacts of a shutdown of the thermohaline circulation
... thermohaline circulation collapse, the total and marginal impacts of climate change are negative. Key words climate change, climate change impacts, thermohaline circulation, integrated assessment 1. Introduction In today’s climate, the North Atlantic region and Northwestern Europe benefit from the h ...
... thermohaline circulation collapse, the total and marginal impacts of climate change are negative. Key words climate change, climate change impacts, thermohaline circulation, integrated assessment 1. Introduction In today’s climate, the North Atlantic region and Northwestern Europe benefit from the h ...
Global warming hiatus
A global warming hiatus, also sometimes referred to as a global warming pause or a global warming slowdown, is a period of relatively little change in globally averaged surface temperatures. In the current episode of global warming many such periods are evident in the surface temperature record, along with robust evidence of the long term warming trend.The exceptionally warm El Niño year of 1998 was an outlier from the continuing temperature trend, and so gave the appearance of a hiatus: by January 2006 assertions had been made that this showed that global warming had stopped. A 2009 study showed that decades without warming were not exceptional, and in 2011 a study showed that if allowances were made for known variability, the rising temperature trend continued unabated. There was increased public interest in 2013 in the run-up to publication of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, and despite concerns that a 15-year period was too short to determine a meaningful trend, the IPCC included a section on a hiatus, which it defined as a much smaller increasing linear trend over the 15 years from 1998 to 2012, than over the 60 years from 1951 to 2012. Various studies examined possible causes of the short term slowdown. Even though the overall climate system had continued to accumulate energy due to Earth's positive energy budget, the available temperature readings at the earth's surface indicated slower rates of increase in surface warming than in the prior decade. Since measurements at the top of the atmosphere show that Earth is receiving more energy than it is radiating back into space, the retained energy should be producing warming in at least one of the five parts of Earth's climate system.A July 2015 paper on the updated NOAA dataset cast doubt on the existence of this supposed hiatus, and found no indication of a slowdown. This analysis incorporated the latest corrections for known biases in ocean temperature measurements, and new land temperature data. Scientists working on other datasets welcomed this study, though the view was expressed that the short term warming trend had been slower than in previous periods of the same length.