Neural Basis of Visually Guided Head Movements Studied With fMRI
... Petit, Laurent, and Michael S. Beauchamp. Neural basis of visually guided head movements studied with fMRI. J Neurophysiol 89: 2516 –2527, 2003. First published January 24, 2003; 10.1152/jn.00988.2002. We used event-related fMRI to measure brain activity while subjects performed saccadic eye, head, ...
... Petit, Laurent, and Michael S. Beauchamp. Neural basis of visually guided head movements studied with fMRI. J Neurophysiol 89: 2516 –2527, 2003. First published January 24, 2003; 10.1152/jn.00988.2002. We used event-related fMRI to measure brain activity while subjects performed saccadic eye, head, ...
The Cerebellum - Amanda Parsons
... movements and muscle adjustments during both activation and rest. Simply put, it organizes how we move (Hannaford, 2005). At the core of the cerebellum is a structure responsible for functions related to equilibrium and balance, the vermis (Cozolino, 2006). The cerebellum evolved with the brain and ...
... movements and muscle adjustments during both activation and rest. Simply put, it organizes how we move (Hannaford, 2005). At the core of the cerebellum is a structure responsible for functions related to equilibrium and balance, the vermis (Cozolino, 2006). The cerebellum evolved with the brain and ...
neural mechanisms for detecting and remembering novel events
... with long-adapting stimulus durations of several seconds in the anaesthetized cat, it also affects neural responses in the visual cortex of awake monkeys15. Adaptation seems to share many of the features of repetition suppression, as described above. For example, it operates over short timescales (o ...
... with long-adapting stimulus durations of several seconds in the anaesthetized cat, it also affects neural responses in the visual cortex of awake monkeys15. Adaptation seems to share many of the features of repetition suppression, as described above. For example, it operates over short timescales (o ...
Neural computations associated with goal-directed choice
... (a) Illustration of the main components of the diffusion model of perceptual decision-making. Evidence E in favor of a decision can be strong (black) or weak (gray) and is integrated over time. A decision is made when a common threshold is reached. (b) Illustration of the main components of the urge ...
... (a) Illustration of the main components of the diffusion model of perceptual decision-making. Evidence E in favor of a decision can be strong (black) or weak (gray) and is integrated over time. A decision is made when a common threshold is reached. (b) Illustration of the main components of the urge ...
Lecture VIII. Spinal Cord - Natural Sciences Learning Center
... and Sm II) in the parietal lobe. ...
... and Sm II) in the parietal lobe. ...
Cell body, axon, dendrite, synapse
... simple tasks. They may also have problems such as depression, sleep problems or trouble chewing, swallowing or speaking. ...
... simple tasks. They may also have problems such as depression, sleep problems or trouble chewing, swallowing or speaking. ...
The Study of the Nervous System in Psychology
... control of voluntary movements—such as the motion of the eyes to read this sentence or those of the hand to turn this page—and the communication of information to and from the sense organs. The autonomic division controls the parts of the body that keep us alive—the heart, blood vessels, glands, lun ...
... control of voluntary movements—such as the motion of the eyes to read this sentence or those of the hand to turn this page—and the communication of information to and from the sense organs. The autonomic division controls the parts of the body that keep us alive—the heart, blood vessels, glands, lun ...
FREE Sample Here
... control of voluntary movements—such as the motion of the eyes to read this sentence or those of the hand to turn this page—and the communication of information to and from the sense organs. The autonomic division controls the parts of the body that keep us alive—the heart, blood vessels, glands, lun ...
... control of voluntary movements—such as the motion of the eyes to read this sentence or those of the hand to turn this page—and the communication of information to and from the sense organs. The autonomic division controls the parts of the body that keep us alive—the heart, blood vessels, glands, lun ...
FREE Sample Here
... control of voluntary movements—such as the motion of the eyes to read this sentence or those of the hand to turn this page—and the communication of information to and from the sense organs. The autonomic division controls the parts of the body that keep us alive—the heart, blood vessels, glands, lun ...
... control of voluntary movements—such as the motion of the eyes to read this sentence or those of the hand to turn this page—and the communication of information to and from the sense organs. The autonomic division controls the parts of the body that keep us alive—the heart, blood vessels, glands, lun ...
brain computer interaction elg5121 (multimedia communication)
... One key issue for any practical BCI for disabled people. Users don’t want to look unusual social acceptability Example of advanced devices: Dry electrodes instead of gel ...
... One key issue for any practical BCI for disabled people. Users don’t want to look unusual social acceptability Example of advanced devices: Dry electrodes instead of gel ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)
... sequences failed to show any abnormality. Follow-up MRI after the first seizure at the age of 12 months demonstrated strong leptomeningeal enhancement, while BOLD venography revealed abnormal medullary and sub-ependymal veins, as well as deep venous structures. At the time of the second MR scan, sig ...
... sequences failed to show any abnormality. Follow-up MRI after the first seizure at the age of 12 months demonstrated strong leptomeningeal enhancement, while BOLD venography revealed abnormal medullary and sub-ependymal veins, as well as deep venous structures. At the time of the second MR scan, sig ...
Neural Basis of Prosopagnosia: An fMRI Study
... an area situated in the ventral temporal cortex, within the fusiform gyrus (FFA), which produces clear face-specific activations in at least 80% of normal subjects [Halgren, 1999; Haxby, 1999; Kanwisher 1997; Lerner, 2001; Levy, 2001; Puce, 1996]; and 2) an area situated in the inferior occipital gy ...
... an area situated in the ventral temporal cortex, within the fusiform gyrus (FFA), which produces clear face-specific activations in at least 80% of normal subjects [Halgren, 1999; Haxby, 1999; Kanwisher 1997; Lerner, 2001; Levy, 2001; Puce, 1996]; and 2) an area situated in the inferior occipital gy ...
Cortical activation and synchronization during sentence
... The view we advocate and test with our fMRI studies is that cognitive tasks are subserved by large-scale cortical networks that consist of spatially separate computational centres that collaborate pervasively to perform complex cognitive processing. The activation in a set of cortical areas should b ...
... The view we advocate and test with our fMRI studies is that cognitive tasks are subserved by large-scale cortical networks that consist of spatially separate computational centres that collaborate pervasively to perform complex cognitive processing. The activation in a set of cortical areas should b ...
A functional magnetic resonance study
... cognitive control test.31 Depressive patients decreased activity in parietal region as prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulated gyrus et al by face-profession pairs test.32 These studies showed the coherence of function between ACC and parietal lobe, frontal lob. Thus, increasing FCs between pgAC ...
... cognitive control test.31 Depressive patients decreased activity in parietal region as prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulated gyrus et al by face-profession pairs test.32 These studies showed the coherence of function between ACC and parietal lobe, frontal lob. Thus, increasing FCs between pgAC ...
Serotonergic Psychedelics Temporarily Modify Information Transfer
... awareness (Strassman et al., 1994). Ayahuasca, which contains natural monoamine-oxidase inhibitors, induces effects that are more prolonged in time, reaching their maximum intensity around 1.5 and 2 hours after administration (Riba et al., 2001b, 2003; Dos Santos et al., 2011). Recent studies using ...
... awareness (Strassman et al., 1994). Ayahuasca, which contains natural monoamine-oxidase inhibitors, induces effects that are more prolonged in time, reaching their maximum intensity around 1.5 and 2 hours after administration (Riba et al., 2001b, 2003; Dos Santos et al., 2011). Recent studies using ...
PDF - Molecular Brain
... neurogenesis, neuritogenesis, synaptogenesis, and disruption of neuronal network dynamics [9]. However, which of these mechanisms is most important in the causation of the clinical syndromes of BE has yet to be investigated. Over the last decade, the rapidly growing research field of metabolic chang ...
... neurogenesis, neuritogenesis, synaptogenesis, and disruption of neuronal network dynamics [9]. However, which of these mechanisms is most important in the causation of the clinical syndromes of BE has yet to be investigated. Over the last decade, the rapidly growing research field of metabolic chang ...
Small Networks
... • “Noise…poses a fundamental problem for information processing and affects all aspects of nervous-system function.” (Faisal et al, 2008) • In the context of the “neural code”… – For rate code: “variations in inter-spike intervals might be considered unwanted noise.” – For temporal code: “variabilit ...
... • “Noise…poses a fundamental problem for information processing and affects all aspects of nervous-system function.” (Faisal et al, 2008) • In the context of the “neural code”… – For rate code: “variations in inter-spike intervals might be considered unwanted noise.” – For temporal code: “variabilit ...
Chapter 21: Attention
... Attention and Eye Movements Results (Cont’d) FEF stimulation mimics physiological and behavioral effects of attention Electrical stimulation of superior colliculus Conclusion Guidance of attention Integrated with system to move eyes Slide 20 Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain, 3rd Ed, Bear, Connors, ...
... Attention and Eye Movements Results (Cont’d) FEF stimulation mimics physiological and behavioral effects of attention Electrical stimulation of superior colliculus Conclusion Guidance of attention Integrated with system to move eyes Slide 20 Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain, 3rd Ed, Bear, Connors, ...
DECISION MAKING AND THE BRAIN: NEUROLOGISTS` VIEW
... frontal cortex where the programmes and decisions finally transform into acts; these connections are called cortico-subcortico-frontal pathways. These connections are anatomical substrate for understanding the relationship between behaviour such as decision making and the brain. There are five pathw ...
... frontal cortex where the programmes and decisions finally transform into acts; these connections are called cortico-subcortico-frontal pathways. These connections are anatomical substrate for understanding the relationship between behaviour such as decision making and the brain. There are five pathw ...
Why Do We Sleep - The Dallas Philosophers Forum
... already discussed. It also explains the ability of dreams to dredge up old memories and to review information or memories made during the day. Another area that becomes highly active during REM sleep is the associative sensory cortex. This is the area that correlates and integrates sensory stimuli. ...
... already discussed. It also explains the ability of dreams to dredge up old memories and to review information or memories made during the day. Another area that becomes highly active during REM sleep is the associative sensory cortex. This is the area that correlates and integrates sensory stimuli. ...
IN CONTROL: NERVOUS SYSTEM OUR BRAIN AND
... differences between the left and right hemispheres of the cerebrum. The two halves of the cerebrum are connected by a part of the brain called the corpus callosum. This bridge allows the two hemispheres to communicate with each other. There have been cases, however, where the corpus callosum has bee ...
... differences between the left and right hemispheres of the cerebrum. The two halves of the cerebrum are connected by a part of the brain called the corpus callosum. This bridge allows the two hemispheres to communicate with each other. There have been cases, however, where the corpus callosum has bee ...
Thinking About Thinking
... key word, one that has implications throughout this book. Different neurons may represent, that is, be selectively responsive to, only one feature of the stimulus, such as its color, contour, or motion, as I discuss later in my summary of the work of Hubel and Wiesel. Getting the whole stimulus repr ...
... key word, one that has implications throughout this book. Different neurons may represent, that is, be selectively responsive to, only one feature of the stimulus, such as its color, contour, or motion, as I discuss later in my summary of the work of Hubel and Wiesel. Getting the whole stimulus repr ...
Neural Basis of Psychological Growth following Adverse
... correlates of PTG. We expected that accurate quantitative network prediction of PTG would be informed by functional alterations within a highly distributed network of regions that includes the prefrontal cortices, amygdala, and hippocampus. However, it may be difficult to measure a person’s psycholo ...
... correlates of PTG. We expected that accurate quantitative network prediction of PTG would be informed by functional alterations within a highly distributed network of regions that includes the prefrontal cortices, amygdala, and hippocampus. However, it may be difficult to measure a person’s psycholo ...
Neuroanatomical Background to Understanding the Brain of the
... III. THE PROBLEM BECOMES PROBLEMATIC There are several serious problems with the “damaged brain area” approach to understanding the basis of normal and psychopathic behavior. Among them is the incorrect assumption that one brain structure is solely responsible for the elaboration of a complex adapti ...
... III. THE PROBLEM BECOMES PROBLEMATIC There are several serious problems with the “damaged brain area” approach to understanding the basis of normal and psychopathic behavior. Among them is the incorrect assumption that one brain structure is solely responsible for the elaboration of a complex adapti ...
Chapter Two: Brain and Behavior
... One-Minute Motivator 2.1: Firing of the Neuron To conceptualize the firing of the neuron, students often need analogies to concrete objects. Possible analogies include: a radio, a telephone, a fax machine, a stereo system, the process of sending mail, etc. The analogy must be developed carefully: It ...
... One-Minute Motivator 2.1: Firing of the Neuron To conceptualize the firing of the neuron, students often need analogies to concrete objects. Possible analogies include: a radio, a telephone, a fax machine, a stereo system, the process of sending mail, etc. The analogy must be developed carefully: It ...
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) is a functional neuroimaging procedure using MRI technology that measures brain activity by detecting associated changes in blood flow. This technique relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled. When an area of the brain is in use, blood flow to that region also increases.The primary form of fMRI uses the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) contrast, discovered by Seiji Ogawa. This is a type of specialized brain and body scan used to map neural activity in the brain or spinal cord of humans or other animals by imaging the change in blood flow (hemodynamic response) related to energy use by brain cells. Since the early 1990s, fMRI has come to dominate brain mapping research because it does not require people to undergo shots, surgery, or to ingest substances, or be exposed to radiation, etc. Other methods of obtaining contrast are arterial spin labeling and diffusion MRI.The procedure is similar to MRI but uses the change in magnetization between oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood as its basic measure. This measure is frequently corrupted by noise from various sources and hence statistical procedures are used to extract the underlying signal. The resulting brain activation can be presented graphically by color-coding the strength of activation across the brain or the specific region studied. The technique can localize activity to within millimeters but, using standard techniques, no better than within a window of a few seconds.fMRI is used both in the research world, and to a lesser extent, in the clinical world. It can also be combined and complemented with other measures of brain physiology such as EEG and NIRS. Newer methods which improve both spatial and time resolution are being researched, and these largely use biomarkers other than the BOLD signal. Some companies have developed commercial products such as lie detectors based on fMRI techniques, but the research is not believed to be ripe enough for widespread commercialization.