Climate Change and Migration: Improving Methodologies to
... from the alteration of atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases by the burning of fossil fuels and change of land use. Volcanic eruptions and variations in solar activity are the major processes causing natural climate change over the same timescales. The consensus view, as expressed by the In ...
... from the alteration of atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases by the burning of fossil fuels and change of land use. Volcanic eruptions and variations in solar activity are the major processes causing natural climate change over the same timescales. The consensus view, as expressed by the In ...
Abstract Book The Human Side of Climate Change Bergen 16
... Reflecting on the ‘unusual’: Climate change narratives in decision-making about the future The experience of an extreme event can serve to open up spaces for reflection upon the nature of the event, the underpinning causes, the immediate responses and effects on longer-term decision making. Extreme ...
... Reflecting on the ‘unusual’: Climate change narratives in decision-making about the future The experience of an extreme event can serve to open up spaces for reflection upon the nature of the event, the underpinning causes, the immediate responses and effects on longer-term decision making. Extreme ...
4.4 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS 4.4.1 Introduction
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) established the IPCC in 1988. The goal of the IPCC is to evaluate the risk of climate change caused by human activities. Rather than performing research or monitoring ...
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) established the IPCC in 1988. The goal of the IPCC is to evaluate the risk of climate change caused by human activities. Rather than performing research or monitoring ...
Suitability of European climate for the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes
... criterion [26]. The AUC is equal to the probability (ranging from 0 to 1) that a classifier will rank a randomly chosen positive instance ( presence location) higher than a randomly chosen negative one (absence location). Useful predictive models have an AUC of about 0.7, excellent models would be ab ...
... criterion [26]. The AUC is equal to the probability (ranging from 0 to 1) that a classifier will rank a randomly chosen positive instance ( presence location) higher than a randomly chosen negative one (absence location). Useful predictive models have an AUC of about 0.7, excellent models would be ab ...
Conference Proceeding
... enabling them to take responsibility for the preservation of natural resources and fulfill their role as mountain stewards. In order to enhance resilience of livelihoods it is essential to gain a better understanding of the climate-human-environment interactions and adopt a climate resilient develop ...
... enabling them to take responsibility for the preservation of natural resources and fulfill their role as mountain stewards. In order to enhance resilience of livelihoods it is essential to gain a better understanding of the climate-human-environment interactions and adopt a climate resilient develop ...
Climate Change Policies and Trade Policies: The New Joint
... countries that are not making satisfactory efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. The requirement for such purchases would be an alternative to offsetting border measures in the form of tariffs. Abstractly, the underlying problem in the terminology of political economy is that there can be “f ...
... countries that are not making satisfactory efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. The requirement for such purchases would be an alternative to offsetting border measures in the form of tariffs. Abstractly, the underlying problem in the terminology of political economy is that there can be “f ...
Progress in Physical Geography Sea levels: resolution and uncertainty
... and sea level with the TAR projections published in 2001. They observe that both increased at rates toward the upper limit of the projections. These kinds of results, plus the inability to close the sea-level budget, and the tendency for AR4 models to underpredict instrumental sea-level rise, have l ...
... and sea level with the TAR projections published in 2001. They observe that both increased at rates toward the upper limit of the projections. These kinds of results, plus the inability to close the sea-level budget, and the tendency for AR4 models to underpredict instrumental sea-level rise, have l ...
Global Meteorological Drought: A Synthesis of Current
... drought—the processes responsible for the long-term disruptions of local and regional precipitation-producing phenomena. These processes often act over large distances via various large-scale atmospheric motions such as the Hadley and Walker circulations, Rossby waves, and other atmospheric teleconn ...
... drought—the processes responsible for the long-term disruptions of local and regional precipitation-producing phenomena. These processes often act over large distances via various large-scale atmospheric motions such as the Hadley and Walker circulations, Rossby waves, and other atmospheric teleconn ...
Public open house summary
... inform the province’s action plan on climate change. The engagement process was led by Alberta’s Climate Change Advisory Panel with support from the Climate Change Secretariat, within the Department of Environment and Parks. The engagement process included Aboriginal engagement, public open houses, ...
... inform the province’s action plan on climate change. The engagement process was led by Alberta’s Climate Change Advisory Panel with support from the Climate Change Secretariat, within the Department of Environment and Parks. The engagement process included Aboriginal engagement, public open houses, ...
Responses to projected changes in climate and UV
... to warming. Nutrient addition, however, prolonged the period of growth of polar semidesert species in autumn on Svalbard, but reduced frost hardening leading to dramatic loss of aboveground biomass during the extreme warm, wet, November of 1993 (13). This corresponds to indigenous observations noted ...
... to warming. Nutrient addition, however, prolonged the period of growth of polar semidesert species in autumn on Svalbard, but reduced frost hardening leading to dramatic loss of aboveground biomass during the extreme warm, wet, November of 1993 (13). This corresponds to indigenous observations noted ...
CLIMATE CHANGE: Regional Climate Model Predictions for Ireland (2001-CD-C4-M2) Environmental RTDI Programme 2000–2006
... scenario – see Appendix IV for details). Evaluation of the ...
... scenario – see Appendix IV for details). Evaluation of the ...
Responses to projected changes in climate and UV
... to warming. Nutrient addition, however, prolonged the period of growth of polar semidesert species in autumn on Svalbard, but reduced frost hardening leading to dramatic loss of aboveground biomass during the extreme warm, wet, November of 1993 (13). This corresponds to indigenous observations noted ...
... to warming. Nutrient addition, however, prolonged the period of growth of polar semidesert species in autumn on Svalbard, but reduced frost hardening leading to dramatic loss of aboveground biomass during the extreme warm, wet, November of 1993 (13). This corresponds to indigenous observations noted ...
Climate Change and Adaptation in Muskoka
... Climate change will have a significant impact on the Muskoka watersheds over the next 100 years. Although mitigation is necessary to reduce future climate change impacts, the climate would continue to warm until the end of the current century, even if all carbon emissions ceased today. Adaptation is ...
... Climate change will have a significant impact on the Muskoka watersheds over the next 100 years. Although mitigation is necessary to reduce future climate change impacts, the climate would continue to warm until the end of the current century, even if all carbon emissions ceased today. Adaptation is ...
Assessing vulnerabilities to the effects of global change
... break down our eight methodological steps into two broad classes: those that take place prior to modeling (1-3), and those that take place as part of the modeling and modeling refinement process (4-8). This distinction is, of course, artificial. Modeling and analysis for successful vulnerability ass ...
... break down our eight methodological steps into two broad classes: those that take place prior to modeling (1-3), and those that take place as part of the modeling and modeling refinement process (4-8). This distinction is, of course, artificial. Modeling and analysis for successful vulnerability ass ...
Climate variability, plankton and seabirds: a discussion on trophic
... Examples of direct influences include temperature causing physiological constraints on a species or directly causing mortality to individuals of a species, while indirect influences consist of multiple steps of effect, such as those through multiple trophic levels. Previous work has stated that indi ...
... Examples of direct influences include temperature causing physiological constraints on a species or directly causing mortality to individuals of a species, while indirect influences consist of multiple steps of effect, such as those through multiple trophic levels. Previous work has stated that indi ...
element 8 | energy and climate change
... Gas Emissions by Sector). The commercial/industrial sector was the largest source of community emissions (87.8%), with emissions stemming from electricity production and use, natural gas use and a range of industrial processes monitored by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD). Trans ...
... Gas Emissions by Sector). The commercial/industrial sector was the largest source of community emissions (87.8%), with emissions stemming from electricity production and use, natural gas use and a range of industrial processes monitored by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD). Trans ...
Inuit population
... To identify adaptation needs and inform the development of policies to reduce the negative impacts of climate change, it is crucial to identify and characterize vulnerability (Adger, 2006, Smit & Wandel, , 2006). Vulnerability can be thought of as the capacity to be wounded: it is a measure of the s ...
... To identify adaptation needs and inform the development of policies to reduce the negative impacts of climate change, it is crucial to identify and characterize vulnerability (Adger, 2006, Smit & Wandel, , 2006). Vulnerability can be thought of as the capacity to be wounded: it is a measure of the s ...
contributions by the world meteorological organization to the
... of life, and low agricultural production and productivity, particularly in developing countries. Droughts and floods cause crop failure and reduce production, while heavy rainfall washes away fertilizers, and hailstorms damage crops, leading to greater poverty and hunger, especially among rural comm ...
... of life, and low agricultural production and productivity, particularly in developing countries. Droughts and floods cause crop failure and reduce production, while heavy rainfall washes away fertilizers, and hailstorms damage crops, leading to greater poverty and hunger, especially among rural comm ...
Green Finance Solves - UMKC Summer Debate Institute
... renewables and other measures -though they represent only a first step, analysts said. Much more needs to be done to meet the pledge of keeping world temperatures from rising no more than 2 degrees Celsius, said John Roome, senior director for climate change at the World Bank, an international devel ...
... renewables and other measures -though they represent only a first step, analysts said. Much more needs to be done to meet the pledge of keeping world temperatures from rising no more than 2 degrees Celsius, said John Roome, senior director for climate change at the World Bank, an international devel ...
Cognitive and affective risk judgements related to climate change
... Current scientific knowledge indicates that the global climate is affected by human activities. The average global temperature has increased by approximately +0.7 °C during the last 100 years, and it is expected to increase more rapidly in the future. Conclusions about warming of the climate system ...
... Current scientific knowledge indicates that the global climate is affected by human activities. The average global temperature has increased by approximately +0.7 °C during the last 100 years, and it is expected to increase more rapidly in the future. Conclusions about warming of the climate system ...
nd-gain_technical_document_2015_do_not_print
... three components: economic readiness, governance readiness and social readiness. Economic Readiness: The investment climate that facilitates mobilizing capitals from private sector. Governance Readiness: The stability of the society and institutional arrangements that contribute to the investment ri ...
... three components: economic readiness, governance readiness and social readiness. Economic Readiness: The investment climate that facilitates mobilizing capitals from private sector. Governance Readiness: The stability of the society and institutional arrangements that contribute to the investment ri ...
Climate and Terrestrial Ecosystem Change in the
... Figure 11. Late Glacial and early Holocene vegetation history along the southern margin of the Cordilleran ice sheet, based on a transect of pollen records from western Washington to western Montana.....................16 Figure 12. Comparison of regional and global temperature reconstructions. .... ...
... Figure 11. Late Glacial and early Holocene vegetation history along the southern margin of the Cordilleran ice sheet, based on a transect of pollen records from western Washington to western Montana.....................16 Figure 12. Comparison of regional and global temperature reconstructions. .... ...
Climate change and the northern Russian treeline zone
... than 68C are generally required for bud formation and other aspects of reproductive development. Successful sexual reproduction can be rare for the dwarf krummholz trees that typify the species limits for conifers, and local propagation is often by vegetative layering. Although growing season condit ...
... than 68C are generally required for bud formation and other aspects of reproductive development. Successful sexual reproduction can be rare for the dwarf krummholz trees that typify the species limits for conifers, and local propagation is often by vegetative layering. Although growing season condit ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.