REPORT - BC3 Basque Centre for Climate Change
... mankind will have to face this century. Furthermore, the challenge has both scientific and social/political dimensions. For that end, the research program has to include the identification of the foreseen impacts and the outlining of the best strategies to adapt to these changes, reducing the magnit ...
... mankind will have to face this century. Furthermore, the challenge has both scientific and social/political dimensions. For that end, the research program has to include the identification of the foreseen impacts and the outlining of the best strategies to adapt to these changes, reducing the magnit ...
Amplification and dampening of soil respiration by changes in
... et al., 2007). The amount of carbon stored in soils worldwide exceeds the amount of carbon in the atmosphere by a factor of two to three (Houghton, 2007), and there is concern that a large portion of this carbon will be released to the atmosphere as the global average temperature increases (Schimel ...
... et al., 2007). The amount of carbon stored in soils worldwide exceeds the amount of carbon in the atmosphere by a factor of two to three (Houghton, 2007), and there is concern that a large portion of this carbon will be released to the atmosphere as the global average temperature increases (Schimel ...
Decadal co-variability of Atlantic SSTs and western Amazon dry
... Intermediate amounts of total variance are explained by the decadal component of JASSPI (16%) and RNWL (32%) shown in Fig. 1. The correlation between the two decadal time series is 0.79, significant at P<0.01, tested using a random-phase method designed for serially correlated time series [Ebisuzaki ...
... Intermediate amounts of total variance are explained by the decadal component of JASSPI (16%) and RNWL (32%) shown in Fig. 1. The correlation between the two decadal time series is 0.79, significant at P<0.01, tested using a random-phase method designed for serially correlated time series [Ebisuzaki ...
Working Paper 171 - Steeves and Surminski 2014 (opens in new window)
... external factors influencing adaptation has emerged, based on behavioural economics and institutional theories, focusing on the ‘organisational’ dimension of adaptation (Berkhout 2012). The organisational approach takes the perspective of the organisation (primarily business) (Berkhout et al. 2006). ...
... external factors influencing adaptation has emerged, based on behavioural economics and institutional theories, focusing on the ‘organisational’ dimension of adaptation (Berkhout 2012). The organisational approach takes the perspective of the organisation (primarily business) (Berkhout et al. 2006). ...
Political parties` climate policies in the UK, Italy and Denmark Paper
... Political parties’ climate policies are important for at least three reasons. First, parties can be catalysts for or obstacles to governments’ climate change mitigation policies (e.g., Harrison, 2010: 523; Jensen and Spoon, 2011; Harrison, 2012; Birchall, 2014; see also Knill et al., 2010; Schulze, ...
... Political parties’ climate policies are important for at least three reasons. First, parties can be catalysts for or obstacles to governments’ climate change mitigation policies (e.g., Harrison, 2010: 523; Jensen and Spoon, 2011; Harrison, 2012; Birchall, 2014; see also Knill et al., 2010; Schulze, ...
Permafrost and Changing Climate: The Russian
... permafrost thermal state could be attributed to the effects of warming climate, large gaps remain in understanding the nonclimatic component of this variability (17). Data obtained under the CALM program indicate high interannual variability of ALT that in some cases is not correlated with climatic ...
... permafrost thermal state could be attributed to the effects of warming climate, large gaps remain in understanding the nonclimatic component of this variability (17). Data obtained under the CALM program indicate high interannual variability of ALT that in some cases is not correlated with climatic ...
The Significance of the Tibetan Plateau
... It also helps to keep the expansion of invasive weeds under control Species richness in grazed areas remains stable, whereas in the absence of grazing, there is faster decrease in the species richness, especially the medicinal plants Grazing can increase the rangeland productivity and can redu ...
... It also helps to keep the expansion of invasive weeds under control Species richness in grazed areas remains stable, whereas in the absence of grazing, there is faster decrease in the species richness, especially the medicinal plants Grazing can increase the rangeland productivity and can redu ...
The Significance of the Tibetan Plateau Abstract:
... It also helps to keep the expansion of invasive weeds under control Species richness in grazed areas remains stable, whereas in the absence of grazing, there is faster decrease in the species richness, especially the medicinal plants Grazing can increase the rangeland productivity and can reduce the ...
... It also helps to keep the expansion of invasive weeds under control Species richness in grazed areas remains stable, whereas in the absence of grazing, there is faster decrease in the species richness, especially the medicinal plants Grazing can increase the rangeland productivity and can reduce the ...
ECOSYSTEM-BASED ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: THE
... protection of ecosystems allows conserving carbon stocks, reducing carbon emissions and the restoration enhances carbon stocks. Moreover, it is an efficient approach to climate change adaptation, defined as an adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli ...
... protection of ecosystems allows conserving carbon stocks, reducing carbon emissions and the restoration enhances carbon stocks. Moreover, it is an efficient approach to climate change adaptation, defined as an adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli ...
201510 v5 USEA
... Economics Of Low Cost Chemical Production Using Inexpensive CO2 Projected Cost of Manufacture ...
... Economics Of Low Cost Chemical Production Using Inexpensive CO2 Projected Cost of Manufacture ...
Globalization and Diversity Changing Global Environment 2.1
... A) Greenhouse gases have never been very stable, and have increased dramatically in the past 130 years. B) Greenhouse gases were fairly stable throughout most of human history, but have decreased dramatically in the past 130 years. C) Greenhouse gases have never been very stable, but have decreased ...
... A) Greenhouse gases have never been very stable, and have increased dramatically in the past 130 years. B) Greenhouse gases were fairly stable throughout most of human history, but have decreased dramatically in the past 130 years. C) Greenhouse gases have never been very stable, but have decreased ...
This paper offers a unifying conceptual framework for examining the
... The scheme in Figure 1 does not take into acco unt the feedback effect of inequality on climate change. It rather treats climate change effects as external (or exogenous). However, as discussed in detail in Islam (2015), inequality exacerbates climate change in different ways. For example, among dev ...
... The scheme in Figure 1 does not take into acco unt the feedback effect of inequality on climate change. It rather treats climate change effects as external (or exogenous). However, as discussed in detail in Islam (2015), inequality exacerbates climate change in different ways. For example, among dev ...
A NEPA Climate Paradox: Taking Greenhouse Gases into Account
... problem of global warming.25 The GHG emissions associated with federal actions, in turn, implicate various aspects of NEPA’s regulatory process, including identification and quantification of environmental impacts; analysis of reasonable alternatives (including the climate consequences of taking no ...
... problem of global warming.25 The GHG emissions associated with federal actions, in turn, implicate various aspects of NEPA’s regulatory process, including identification and quantification of environmental impacts; analysis of reasonable alternatives (including the climate consequences of taking no ...
PDF
... cope with the negative consequences of climate change. The policy focus is now gradually moving from mitigation only to mitigation and adaptation (Carraro and Sgobbi, 2008), as highlighted also by many recent international and national initiatives, such as for example the European White Paper on cli ...
... cope with the negative consequences of climate change. The policy focus is now gradually moving from mitigation only to mitigation and adaptation (Carraro and Sgobbi, 2008), as highlighted also by many recent international and national initiatives, such as for example the European White Paper on cli ...
Danish strategy for adaptation to a changing climate
... The goal of the strategy is that in future climate change should be considered and integrated into planning and development in the most appropriate way. The strategy contains a number of sight-lines to enable authorities, businesses and citizens to react promptly and autonomously to the challenges c ...
... The goal of the strategy is that in future climate change should be considered and integrated into planning and development in the most appropriate way. The strategy contains a number of sight-lines to enable authorities, businesses and citizens to react promptly and autonomously to the challenges c ...
Temperature and trophic structure are driving microbial productivity
... Temperature is known to influence ecosystem processes through its direct effect on biological rates such as respiration and nutrient cycling. These changes can then indirectly affect ecologically processes by altering trophic dynamics, the persistence of a species in a given environment, and, consequen ...
... Temperature is known to influence ecosystem processes through its direct effect on biological rates such as respiration and nutrient cycling. These changes can then indirectly affect ecologically processes by altering trophic dynamics, the persistence of a species in a given environment, and, consequen ...
Adaption to climate-related changes in seagrass ecosystems in
... Seagrass areas supply an estimated 50 percent of the world's fsheries, providing nutrition to almost three billion people [Nelleman et al, 2009]. Animals that rely on seagrass meadows represent a large proportion of the protein consumed by coastal communities in tropical areas, making them crucial ...
... Seagrass areas supply an estimated 50 percent of the world's fsheries, providing nutrition to almost three billion people [Nelleman et al, 2009]. Animals that rely on seagrass meadows represent a large proportion of the protein consumed by coastal communities in tropical areas, making them crucial ...
Climate Change Adaptation Project Report
... The City of Castlegar was keen to make use of the findings and learning reflections of communities that had already adopted adaptation measures. A study of best practices in adaptation planning demonstrated the need for leadership, persistence and a broad knowledge of how municipal systems are likel ...
... The City of Castlegar was keen to make use of the findings and learning reflections of communities that had already adopted adaptation measures. A study of best practices in adaptation planning demonstrated the need for leadership, persistence and a broad knowledge of how municipal systems are likel ...
Lebanon Country Report February - March 2013
... change, also it is of high importance to build the capacity of national experts in conducting the GHG inventory and mitigation assessment and mitigation scenarios modelling and increasing the capability to benefit from the New Market Mechanisms dealing with carbon markets in the context of sustainab ...
... change, also it is of high importance to build the capacity of national experts in conducting the GHG inventory and mitigation assessment and mitigation scenarios modelling and increasing the capability to benefit from the New Market Mechanisms dealing with carbon markets in the context of sustainab ...
national adaptation forum media guide
... Adaptation Scholars ■ 9 ‐‐ Buoyant Foundation Project ■ 10 – US Fish and Wildlife Service / Landscape Conservation Cooperatives ■ 11 – Conservation Biology Institute ■ 12 – Cascadia Consulting Group ■ 13 – Union of Concerned Scientists ■ 14 – RAND Corporation ■ 15 – Climate Planning ■ 16 – Anheu ...
... Adaptation Scholars ■ 9 ‐‐ Buoyant Foundation Project ■ 10 – US Fish and Wildlife Service / Landscape Conservation Cooperatives ■ 11 – Conservation Biology Institute ■ 12 – Cascadia Consulting Group ■ 13 – Union of Concerned Scientists ■ 14 – RAND Corporation ■ 15 – Climate Planning ■ 16 – Anheu ...
C i T Climate n Wash Technic e Chan hingto cal Sum ge Imp n State
... activities have increased atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) to levels unprecedented in at least the Human influence on the climate past 800,000 years. The Earth’s climate system is system is clear…Warming of the warming, global sea level is rising, s ...
... activities have increased atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide) to levels unprecedented in at least the Human influence on the climate past 800,000 years. The Earth’s climate system is system is clear…Warming of the warming, global sea level is rising, s ...
Climate Change and Migration: Improving Methodologies to
... from the alteration of atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases by the burning of fossil fuels and change of land use. Volcanic eruptions and variations in solar activity are the major processes causing natural climate change over the same timescales. The consensus view, as expressed by the In ...
... from the alteration of atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases by the burning of fossil fuels and change of land use. Volcanic eruptions and variations in solar activity are the major processes causing natural climate change over the same timescales. The consensus view, as expressed by the In ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.