Recent and future warm extreme events and high
... 7 US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center—Alaska Volcano Observatory, Anchorage, AK, USA 2 Department ...
... 7 US Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center—Alaska Volcano Observatory, Anchorage, AK, USA 2 Department ...
ABANDONING FOSSIL FUEL: HOW FAST AND HOW MUCH
... sources to bring those sources into use and a gradually increasing carbon tax to price out fossil energy sources. Our analysis also highlights the following features. First, the trade-off between global warming damages and welfare from consumption is analyzed within the context of a tractable fully ...
... sources to bring those sources into use and a gradually increasing carbon tax to price out fossil energy sources. Our analysis also highlights the following features. First, the trade-off between global warming damages and welfare from consumption is analyzed within the context of a tractable fully ...
Precipitation (Word) - Narragansett Bay Estuary Program
... average volume of precipitation (IPCC 2000). The geographical distribution of these weather events is also projected to deviate from current patterns. In addition, it is projected that extratropical storms will be more likely to move toward the poles (IPCC 2000). On a more local scale, the Universit ...
... average volume of precipitation (IPCC 2000). The geographical distribution of these weather events is also projected to deviate from current patterns. In addition, it is projected that extratropical storms will be more likely to move toward the poles (IPCC 2000). On a more local scale, the Universit ...
Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs)
... proposals to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The concept of NAMAs emerged as part of the Bali Road Map that was agreed at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Bali in December 2007. They are a set of government prioritized actions aimed at reducing or l ...
... proposals to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). The concept of NAMAs emerged as part of the Bali Road Map that was agreed at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Bali in December 2007. They are a set of government prioritized actions aimed at reducing or l ...
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... we will examine the current state of the tropical Pacific and how it might evolve over the next few months. We will then explore some current research issues including ENSO precursors, ENSO diversity if there are two (or more) types of events –and the potential impacts of ENSO beyond the tropical Pa ...
... we will examine the current state of the tropical Pacific and how it might evolve over the next few months. We will then explore some current research issues including ENSO precursors, ENSO diversity if there are two (or more) types of events –and the potential impacts of ENSO beyond the tropical Pa ...
A negative feedback between anthropogenic ozone pollution and
... Revised: 4 February 2015 – Accepted: 5 February 2015 – Published: 27 February 2015 ...
... Revised: 4 February 2015 – Accepted: 5 February 2015 – Published: 27 February 2015 ...
CGE Training Materials for Vulnerability and Adaptation Assessment
... As chapters 5–8 have clearly demonstrated, climate change impacts do not happen in isolation from each other. What happens in one sector, or region, can affect other sectors or regions. Indeed, impacts that are the result of a climate impact on another sector, region or population can be as importan ...
... As chapters 5–8 have clearly demonstrated, climate change impacts do not happen in isolation from each other. What happens in one sector, or region, can affect other sectors or regions. Indeed, impacts that are the result of a climate impact on another sector, region or population can be as importan ...
Climate Change Adaptation for Smallholder Farmers in Southeast Asia
... projects and organizations for the various researches that led to this paper: Asia Pacific Network (APN), Advancing Capacity to Support Climate Change Adaptation (ACCCA) Project by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research/System for Analysis Research and Training (UNITAR/START), Assess ...
... projects and organizations for the various researches that led to this paper: Asia Pacific Network (APN), Advancing Capacity to Support Climate Change Adaptation (ACCCA) Project by the United Nations Institute for Training and Research/System for Analysis Research and Training (UNITAR/START), Assess ...
The Value of Carbon in Decision-Making
... valuing carbon: the Social Cost of Carbon (SCC) or the Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC). The SCC and the MAC are often applied alongside each other, because they measure different things. • The SCC represents the marginal cost of global damage from climate change, and is used by policy-makers to exami ...
... valuing carbon: the Social Cost of Carbon (SCC) or the Marginal Abatement Cost (MAC). The SCC and the MAC are often applied alongside each other, because they measure different things. • The SCC represents the marginal cost of global damage from climate change, and is used by policy-makers to exami ...
Effects of Global Climate Change at the Virginia Coast Reserve
... The following alterations due to sea-level rise and associated storm activity should be of high concern for future management of ecosystems on the Eastern Shore: • Accelerated barrier island rollover and landward migration, including beach erosion, severe dune erosion or destruction, widespread dune ...
... The following alterations due to sea-level rise and associated storm activity should be of high concern for future management of ecosystems on the Eastern Shore: • Accelerated barrier island rollover and landward migration, including beach erosion, severe dune erosion or destruction, widespread dune ...
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... Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007), the most recent available at the time of this study. The Fourth Assessment synthesizes climate projections from 24 global climate models that participated in the World Climate Research Project’s third Coupled Model Inte ...
... Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007), the most recent available at the time of this study. The Fourth Assessment synthesizes climate projections from 24 global climate models that participated in the World Climate Research Project’s third Coupled Model Inte ...
United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
... displaced by the World War II, it has continued its works solving the problem of refugees, aware that the humanitarian needs are unlikely to disappear. In 2003, the General Assembly extended the organization's mandate "until the refugee problem is solved" and this year, UNHCR will celebrate its 60th ...
... displaced by the World War II, it has continued its works solving the problem of refugees, aware that the humanitarian needs are unlikely to disappear. In 2003, the General Assembly extended the organization's mandate "until the refugee problem is solved" and this year, UNHCR will celebrate its 60th ...
Climate Change
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recently released its assessment of the physical science basis for climate change: “climate change as any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity”(IPCC WGI 4th Assessment Report, February 2007). This u ...
... Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change recently released its assessment of the physical science basis for climate change: “climate change as any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity”(IPCC WGI 4th Assessment Report, February 2007). This u ...
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was established to provide scientific and objective information on climate change. According to the IPCC, global atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases have increased markedly as a result of human activities over the past 200 years, contri ...
Flood risk and climate change: global and regional perspectives
... The Special Report on “Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation” of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), here abbreviated to SREX report (Field et al. 2012), critically assessed the recent scientific literature on climate change and the ...
... The Special Report on “Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation” of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), here abbreviated to SREX report (Field et al. 2012), critically assessed the recent scientific literature on climate change and the ...
Is climate change causing increased rockfall frequency in
... Correspondence to: O. Sass ([email protected]) Received: 2 February 2012 – Revised: 29 May 2012 – Accepted: 7 June 2012 – Published: 1 November 2012 ...
... Correspondence to: O. Sass ([email protected]) Received: 2 February 2012 – Revised: 29 May 2012 – Accepted: 7 June 2012 – Published: 1 November 2012 ...
LINKS BETWEEN RELIGION, EVOLUTION, AND CLIMATE
... conservative?” We would ideally also have a measure of political party affiliation or voting behavior, but our data unfortunately do not have such measures. We use two measures to assess respondents’ interest and confidence in science. The first asked individuals, “If you saw a headline on a newspap ...
... conservative?” We would ideally also have a measure of political party affiliation or voting behavior, but our data unfortunately do not have such measures. We use two measures to assess respondents’ interest and confidence in science. The first asked individuals, “If you saw a headline on a newspap ...
Coral bleaching - Fiji National University | E
... severity and scale of coral reef bleaching. Coral mortality could exceed 95% regionally with species extinctions. A conservative temperature increase of 1-2 degrees C would cause regions between 20-30 degrees N to experience sustained warming that falls within the lethal limits of most reef-building ...
... severity and scale of coral reef bleaching. Coral mortality could exceed 95% regionally with species extinctions. A conservative temperature increase of 1-2 degrees C would cause regions between 20-30 degrees N to experience sustained warming that falls within the lethal limits of most reef-building ...
Climate Change Associated Sediment Yield Changes on the Rio
... temperatures, particularly in winter, are expected to reduce the amount of winter precipitation that falls as snow and is stored in the snowpack, reduce snow water equivalence in the snowpack, and lead to earlier spring melting of the snowpack. These changes may not only impact surface water flows, ...
... temperatures, particularly in winter, are expected to reduce the amount of winter precipitation that falls as snow and is stored in the snowpack, reduce snow water equivalence in the snowpack, and lead to earlier spring melting of the snowpack. These changes may not only impact surface water flows, ...
Effects of climate change and seed dispersal on airborne ragweed
... alien species in Europe producing pollen that causes severe allergic disease in susceptible individuals1 . Ragweed plants could further invade European land with climate and land-use changes2,3 . However, airborne pollen evolution depends not only on plant invasion, but also on pollen production, re ...
... alien species in Europe producing pollen that causes severe allergic disease in susceptible individuals1 . Ragweed plants could further invade European land with climate and land-use changes2,3 . However, airborne pollen evolution depends not only on plant invasion, but also on pollen production, re ...
Threats, Monitoring, and Policy to Present and Future Climate Change... Algonquin Park (Ontario, Canada) to the Adirondack Park (New York,
... Industrial Revolution. The release of greenhouse gases and the results in changes in global climate have made it a challenge for parks and protected areas to respond to the potential negative impacts to ecological integrity. The predicted rate of climate change is forecasted to be faster than the ra ...
... Industrial Revolution. The release of greenhouse gases and the results in changes in global climate have made it a challenge for parks and protected areas to respond to the potential negative impacts to ecological integrity. The predicted rate of climate change is forecasted to be faster than the ra ...
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... The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was signed at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992 and entered into force on 21 March 1994. The objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize greenhouse gas emissions "at a level that would prevent dangerous ...
... The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was signed at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992 and entered into force on 21 March 1994. The objective of the UNFCCC is to stabilize greenhouse gas emissions "at a level that would prevent dangerous ...
Questions and Answers about the Environmental Effects of the
... main reports of the Panels are published every four years, as required by the Meeting of the Parties. All three reports have an executive summary that is distributed more widely than the entire reports. It has become customary to add a set of questions and answers – mainly for nonexpert readers – to ...
... main reports of the Panels are published every four years, as required by the Meeting of the Parties. All three reports have an executive summary that is distributed more widely than the entire reports. It has become customary to add a set of questions and answers – mainly for nonexpert readers – to ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.