8.1MB - Climate Change 2013
... The final draft Report, dated 7 June 2013, of the Working Group I contribution to the IPCC 5th Assessment Report "Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis" was accepted but not approved in detail by the 12th Session of Working Group I and the 36th Session of the IPCC on 26 September 2013 in S ...
... The final draft Report, dated 7 June 2013, of the Working Group I contribution to the IPCC 5th Assessment Report "Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis" was accepted but not approved in detail by the 12th Session of Working Group I and the 36th Session of the IPCC on 26 September 2013 in S ...
Is the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change an
... impacts will require some degree of cooperation and coordination at the international level, and the institutions created to that purpose will need to be critically assessed to ensure their effectiveness, yet his process has only just begun to emerge in the literature on global climate governance (T ...
... impacts will require some degree of cooperation and coordination at the international level, and the institutions created to that purpose will need to be critically assessed to ensure their effectiveness, yet his process has only just begun to emerge in the literature on global climate governance (T ...
in ACP.
... We need to emphasize that the small scale approach is fundamentally different from a 100% perturbation, since nonlinearities can lead to significant differences between both approaches. This is illustrated in Fig.2, which shows the differences of the ozone perturbations from a small perturbation app ...
... We need to emphasize that the small scale approach is fundamentally different from a 100% perturbation, since nonlinearities can lead to significant differences between both approaches. This is illustrated in Fig.2, which shows the differences of the ozone perturbations from a small perturbation app ...
Climate Change Impacts and Risk Management
... warmer than at the beginning of the 20th Century, with global temperatures having increased by around 0.6˚C; > it is likely that 1990-1999 was the warmest decade in the last 1,000 years, at least in the Northern Hemisphere; > most of the observed warming in the last 50 years is attributable to human ...
... warmer than at the beginning of the 20th Century, with global temperatures having increased by around 0.6˚C; > it is likely that 1990-1999 was the warmest decade in the last 1,000 years, at least in the Northern Hemisphere; > most of the observed warming in the last 50 years is attributable to human ...
2008 The Authors Tellus (2008), 60B, 300–317 Journal compilation 2008 Blackwell Munksgaard
... requires detailed information on how different sources (including those of the biosphere) and transformation processes modify properties of aerosol particles and trace gases. Trace gases and atmospheric aerosols are tightly connected with each other via physical, chemical, meteorological and biologi ...
... requires detailed information on how different sources (including those of the biosphere) and transformation processes modify properties of aerosol particles and trace gases. Trace gases and atmospheric aerosols are tightly connected with each other via physical, chemical, meteorological and biologi ...
HCFC Phase out
... technology transfer from developed countries would therefore have significant effects. For example, based on calculations from Chinese warm provinces1, these could result in reductions in total power generation of between 15 per cent and 38 per cent in the next 15 years in China2 , that is of up to ...
... technology transfer from developed countries would therefore have significant effects. For example, based on calculations from Chinese warm provinces1, these could result in reductions in total power generation of between 15 per cent and 38 per cent in the next 15 years in China2 , that is of up to ...
gcos regional action plan for south and southwest asia
... Global Observing Strategy (IGOS) and the European Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) programme. When fully implemented, GCOS will enable nations to improve climate prediction services, mitigate climate disasters and plan for sustainable development by providing access to high qual ...
... Global Observing Strategy (IGOS) and the European Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) programme. When fully implemented, GCOS will enable nations to improve climate prediction services, mitigate climate disasters and plan for sustainable development by providing access to high qual ...
Methods of assessing human health vulnerability and public health
... Climate change is one of several unprecedented, large-scale, environmental changes that are affecting our planet.These changes reflect the overload of several of the Earth’s biophysical and ecological systems caused by the combined impact of growing human population and economic activities. Environm ...
... Climate change is one of several unprecedented, large-scale, environmental changes that are affecting our planet.These changes reflect the overload of several of the Earth’s biophysical and ecological systems caused by the combined impact of growing human population and economic activities. Environm ...
Climate Change Scenarios for the Congo Basin
... rather representative subset of climate scenarios. Most of the assessments were based on six different global climate change scenarios; however for some studies like the analysis of the forest carbon cycle only two global climate scenarios could be used. This difference in the number of GCM input da ...
... rather representative subset of climate scenarios. Most of the assessments were based on six different global climate change scenarios; however for some studies like the analysis of the forest carbon cycle only two global climate scenarios could be used. This difference in the number of GCM input da ...
Chapter 1 Introduction - Wageningen UR E
... Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. First commitment period, refers to the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, 20082012, in this period the targets set under the Kyoto Protocol by the Parties need to be achieved. ...
... Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. First commitment period, refers to the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, 20082012, in this period the targets set under the Kyoto Protocol by the Parties need to be achieved. ...
Opens external link in new window
... and another, dealing with Price Volatility and Food Security. These reports nourished the policy debates at the 37th CFS meeting in October 2011. They were highly commended with reference to their contemporary relevance and feasibility of implementation. At its meeting held in October 2010, the CFS ...
... and another, dealing with Price Volatility and Food Security. These reports nourished the policy debates at the 37th CFS meeting in October 2011. They were highly commended with reference to their contemporary relevance and feasibility of implementation. At its meeting held in October 2010, the CFS ...
Thesis Statement
... substances, and the problems of excessive focus on long-term targets. The results of the stabilization analysis suggest that methane reduction will be especially valuable because of its importance in low-cost mitigation policies that are effective on timescales up to three centuries. Therefore in th ...
... substances, and the problems of excessive focus on long-term targets. The results of the stabilization analysis suggest that methane reduction will be especially valuable because of its importance in low-cost mitigation policies that are effective on timescales up to three centuries. Therefore in th ...
Turn Down the Heat - Open Knowledge Repository
... and wet season (JJA, bottom) precipitation for RCP2.6 (left) and RCP8.5 (right) for South East Asia by 2071–2099 relative to 1951–80 4.7 Regional sea-level rise projections for 2081–2100 (relative to 1986–2005) under RCP8.5 4.8 Local sea-level rise above 1986–2005 mean level as a result of globa ...
... and wet season (JJA, bottom) precipitation for RCP2.6 (left) and RCP8.5 (right) for South East Asia by 2071–2099 relative to 1951–80 4.7 Regional sea-level rise projections for 2081–2100 (relative to 1986–2005) under RCP8.5 4.8 Local sea-level rise above 1986–2005 mean level as a result of globa ...
Climate Change and Health Communications
... o Urgency: By the time the effects of climate change are more clearly and broadly apparent to the public, it will be too late to prevent profound climate impacts, due to the long persistence of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and the delays inherent in being able to “see” the changing climate ...
... o Urgency: By the time the effects of climate change are more clearly and broadly apparent to the public, it will be too late to prevent profound climate impacts, due to the long persistence of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and the delays inherent in being able to “see” the changing climate ...
The impacts of climate change on soil functions
... Assuming constant inputs of carbon to soils from vegetation, soil-climate models predict that expected changes in temperature, precipitation and evaporation will cause significant increases in organic matter turnover and increased losses of CO 2 in mineral and organic soils across the UK. This will ...
... Assuming constant inputs of carbon to soils from vegetation, soil-climate models predict that expected changes in temperature, precipitation and evaporation will cause significant increases in organic matter turnover and increased losses of CO 2 in mineral and organic soils across the UK. This will ...
REPORTS A CLIMATIC DRIVER FOR ABRUPT MID-HOLOCENE VEGETATION D
... 2000, Shuman et al. 2001, 2004, 2005b, Calcote 2003). These findings, coupled with evidence that mid-Holocene climate fluctuations may be linked to changes in solar activity (Magny and Haas 2004, Magny et al. 2006), raise again the potential of an important role for environmental change in this striki ...
... 2000, Shuman et al. 2001, 2004, 2005b, Calcote 2003). These findings, coupled with evidence that mid-Holocene climate fluctuations may be linked to changes in solar activity (Magny and Haas 2004, Magny et al. 2006), raise again the potential of an important role for environmental change in this striki ...
title
... areas on low-lying islands and areas experiencing subsidence due to tectonic and volcanic processes being the most severely affected. The impacts of climate change and increased carbon dioxide concentrations on plant growth, productivity and the nutrient value of crops commonly grown in Vanuatu is n ...
... areas on low-lying islands and areas experiencing subsidence due to tectonic and volcanic processes being the most severely affected. The impacts of climate change and increased carbon dioxide concentrations on plant growth, productivity and the nutrient value of crops commonly grown in Vanuatu is n ...
Climate Threatens TI - northwesterndebateinstitute2012
... is virtually certain that the next century will witness warmer and more frequent hot days and nights over most land areas (IPCC, 2007). Increasing temperatures have the potential to affect multiple modes of transportation, ...
... is virtually certain that the next century will witness warmer and more frequent hot days and nights over most land areas (IPCC, 2007). Increasing temperatures have the potential to affect multiple modes of transportation, ...
Extreme Weather Events in Europe: preparing for climate change
... This study arises from the concern that changes in weather patterns will be one of the principal effects of climate change and with these will come extreme weather. This is of considerable consequence in Europe as it impacts on the vulnerability of communities across the continent and exposes them t ...
... This study arises from the concern that changes in weather patterns will be one of the principal effects of climate change and with these will come extreme weather. This is of considerable consequence in Europe as it impacts on the vulnerability of communities across the continent and exposes them t ...
An Independent National Adaptation Programme for England (625 kB) (opens in new window)
... There is a case for early Government action to promote and enable better adaptation to climate change. Although the UK’s climate is relatively benign, it is already vulnerable to extremes of weather. Climate change will exacerbate these risks. Adaptation is about risk management – to reduce harm and ...
... There is a case for early Government action to promote and enable better adaptation to climate change. Although the UK’s climate is relatively benign, it is already vulnerable to extremes of weather. Climate change will exacerbate these risks. Adaptation is about risk management – to reduce harm and ...
prospects and pitfalls of the kyoto protocol to the united nations
... Change1 seeks to mitigate dangerous anthropogenic changes to the Earth’s climate by assigning to all Parties ‘common but differentiated responsibilities’2 that take into account each nation’s contributions to the greenhouse effect, as * Student of Arts/Law, The University of Melbourne. 1 Opened for ...
... Change1 seeks to mitigate dangerous anthropogenic changes to the Earth’s climate by assigning to all Parties ‘common but differentiated responsibilities’2 that take into account each nation’s contributions to the greenhouse effect, as * Student of Arts/Law, The University of Melbourne. 1 Opened for ...
engineering challenges for coastal infrastructure/docks with regard
... affected by climate change, this report’s main focus is on ports and docks. This paper addresses particular conditions for dock design across Nunavut considering future climate change. Furthermore, the construction, operation and maintenance associated with climate change and the Arctic environment ...
... affected by climate change, this report’s main focus is on ports and docks. This paper addresses particular conditions for dock design across Nunavut considering future climate change. Furthermore, the construction, operation and maintenance associated with climate change and the Arctic environment ...
The Climate-Environment-Society Nexus in the
... average annual rainfall is currently below 100 mm (Figure 1). This definition should be interpreted loosely given the large fluctuations of rainfall at the fringes of the desert on multiple timescales; the Sahara may be viewed as expanding and contracting as a response to global and regional changes ...
... average annual rainfall is currently below 100 mm (Figure 1). This definition should be interpreted loosely given the large fluctuations of rainfall at the fringes of the desert on multiple timescales; the Sahara may be viewed as expanding and contracting as a response to global and regional changes ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.