development and climate change in egypt
... Given that Egypt’s population, land-use and agriculture, as well as its economic activity are all constrained along a narrow T-shaped strip of land along the Nile and the deltaic coast, it is extremely vulnerable to any adverse impacts on its coastal zones and water availability from the Nile. Clima ...
... Given that Egypt’s population, land-use and agriculture, as well as its economic activity are all constrained along a narrow T-shaped strip of land along the Nile and the deltaic coast, it is extremely vulnerable to any adverse impacts on its coastal zones and water availability from the Nile. Clima ...
doc - Canadian Pugwash Group
... cycles early in the 20th century as well as those late in the century. The late century global warming anomaly can only be simulated by including observed anthropogenic forcing. Current models 2 ECHAM-4 and HadCM3 have made projections to 2100. In these models, the ice extent is reduced even faster ...
... cycles early in the 20th century as well as those late in the century. The late century global warming anomaly can only be simulated by including observed anthropogenic forcing. Current models 2 ECHAM-4 and HadCM3 have made projections to 2100. In these models, the ice extent is reduced even faster ...
Different characteristics of cold day and cold surge frequency over
... as an abrupt temperature drop [e.g., Zhang et al., 1997a; Jeong and Ho, 2005; Park et al., 2011]. Because the surface pressure change is an essential factor in the cold surge definition, the cold surges are called ‘East Asian pressure surges’ [Compo et al., 1999]. During cold surge occurrences, the ...
... as an abrupt temperature drop [e.g., Zhang et al., 1997a; Jeong and Ho, 2005; Park et al., 2011]. Because the surface pressure change is an essential factor in the cold surge definition, the cold surges are called ‘East Asian pressure surges’ [Compo et al., 1999]. During cold surge occurrences, the ...
Development of a Coastal Community Climate Change Action Plan
... thesis entitled: “Development of a Coastal Community Climate Change Action Plan for Arviat, Nunavut.” Submitted by: Darren Thomas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Master of Natural Resources ...
... thesis entitled: “Development of a Coastal Community Climate Change Action Plan for Arviat, Nunavut.” Submitted by: Darren Thomas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, Master of Natural Resources ...
The terrestrial carbon cycle on the regional and global scale
... The IMAGE-2 terrestrial C-cycle model is described here, with results shown for the different applications under multiple socio-economic and environmental conditions. The position of the IMAGE-2 C-cycle model is also discussed in a broader context by comparing the model’s results with observed trend ...
... The IMAGE-2 terrestrial C-cycle model is described here, with results shown for the different applications under multiple socio-economic and environmental conditions. The position of the IMAGE-2 C-cycle model is also discussed in a broader context by comparing the model’s results with observed trend ...
Australian horticulture`s response to climate change and
... Australia (LWA) has demonstrated that none of these tools have been designed specifically with any horticultural industry or application in mind. This report shows that a different predictive system delivering forecasts with a longer lead time and short season length which are required for horticult ...
... Australia (LWA) has demonstrated that none of these tools have been designed specifically with any horticultural industry or application in mind. This report shows that a different predictive system delivering forecasts with a longer lead time and short season length which are required for horticult ...
Identifying adaptation options - South Florida Regional Planning
... Adaptation is needed as we are already committed to some degree of climate change irregardless of mitigation efforts (eg. up to mid-2030-40) and to address those impacts resulting from the residual changes not prevented through mitigation. Mitigation is needed to reduce the amount and rate of future ...
... Adaptation is needed as we are already committed to some degree of climate change irregardless of mitigation efforts (eg. up to mid-2030-40) and to address those impacts resulting from the residual changes not prevented through mitigation. Mitigation is needed to reduce the amount and rate of future ...
Changes in Ocean Heat, Carbon Content, and Ventilation: A Review
... of anthropogenic carbon, resulting in acidification of the upper ocean. Increased stratification has resulted in a decline in oxygen and increase in nutrients in the Northern Hemisphere thermocline and an expansion of tropical oxygen minimum zones. Southern Hemisphere thermocline oxygen increased in ...
... of anthropogenic carbon, resulting in acidification of the upper ocean. Increased stratification has resulted in a decline in oxygen and increase in nutrients in the Northern Hemisphere thermocline and an expansion of tropical oxygen minimum zones. Southern Hemisphere thermocline oxygen increased in ...
PDF
... geographically diverse and increasingly being felt and recorded across a range of regions, communities and ecosystems. Climate change is the persistent change in the mean and variability of climate parameters due to unimpeded growth of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) observed and recor ...
... geographically diverse and increasingly being felt and recorded across a range of regions, communities and ecosystems. Climate change is the persistent change in the mean and variability of climate parameters due to unimpeded growth of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) observed and recor ...
Refrigerants for commercial refrigeration applications
... Scientific data supports the hypothesis that chlorine from refrigerants has depleted the earth’s ozone layer and is linked to a rise in skin-related diseases1. The air conditioning and refrigeration industry has supported global efforts to protect the environment by introducing non-chlorine-containi ...
... Scientific data supports the hypothesis that chlorine from refrigerants has depleted the earth’s ozone layer and is linked to a rise in skin-related diseases1. The air conditioning and refrigeration industry has supported global efforts to protect the environment by introducing non-chlorine-containi ...
Climate Change and Our Natural Resources A Report from the
... Figure 5: Egg-to-migrant survival for juvenile chinook in the Stillaguamish River under a range of annual peak flow magnitudes. Source: Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians...................................................................................................................................... ...
... Figure 5: Egg-to-migrant survival for juvenile chinook in the Stillaguamish River under a range of annual peak flow magnitudes. Source: Stillaguamish Tribe of Indians...................................................................................................................................... ...
Michigan Climate and Health Profile Report 2015
... Through the 20th and into the 21st century, Michigan’s climate has changed in measurable and impactful ways. Since 1951 the average annual temperature has increased by 0.6°F in the southeastern Lower Peninsula, and up to 1.3°F in the northwestern Lower Peninsula. During that same period total annual ...
... Through the 20th and into the 21st century, Michigan’s climate has changed in measurable and impactful ways. Since 1951 the average annual temperature has increased by 0.6°F in the southeastern Lower Peninsula, and up to 1.3°F in the northwestern Lower Peninsula. During that same period total annual ...
Outlook on climate change adaptation in the Tropical Andes
... tropical Andean countries share many challenges and opportunities, which could favour mutual cooperation and benefits, yet the lack of sharing of information and practical experiences between countries in the region hinders the effective development and implementation of adaptation policies. Another ...
... tropical Andean countries share many challenges and opportunities, which could favour mutual cooperation and benefits, yet the lack of sharing of information and practical experiences between countries in the region hinders the effective development and implementation of adaptation policies. Another ...
Impacts of climate change on Blue Nile flows using bias
... 4 GCMs, Sayed (2004) expected that the change in rainfall over the Blue Nile basin would be between +2 and +11% for 2030, while rainfall over the White Nile basin would increase between 1 and 10% for the same year. The associated changes in inflow to Lake Nasser (taken as Dongola flows), derived usi ...
... 4 GCMs, Sayed (2004) expected that the change in rainfall over the Blue Nile basin would be between +2 and +11% for 2030, while rainfall over the White Nile basin would increase between 1 and 10% for the same year. The associated changes in inflow to Lake Nasser (taken as Dongola flows), derived usi ...
Greenhouse Gas Progress Report 2016
... is changing. The weather has always fluctuated, and it will continue to do so. But the long-term average, the climate, is getting warmer and the weather is getting wilder. Effects on the natural environment, human health and the economy are accelerating. Human activity is causing climate change (som ...
... is changing. The weather has always fluctuated, and it will continue to do so. But the long-term average, the climate, is getting warmer and the weather is getting wilder. Effects on the natural environment, human health and the economy are accelerating. Human activity is causing climate change (som ...
I Agree - CLEo - Whitman College
... and Holland. Ecosystems will change at a rapid pace, and with them, habitat requirements. In South and Central American cities previously too cold for malarial mosquitoes, mosquito habitat will suddenly be available. Many species will be unable to cope with the changes and will go extinct; others wi ...
... and Holland. Ecosystems will change at a rapid pace, and with them, habitat requirements. In South and Central American cities previously too cold for malarial mosquitoes, mosquito habitat will suddenly be available. Many species will be unable to cope with the changes and will go extinct; others wi ...
Climate Change Effects and Impacts Assessment
... greenhouse gas concentrations. The panel’s assessment of data collected since 1970 showed it is likely that anthropogenic warming has had a discernable influence on many physical and biological systems. It concluded that the continued emission of greenhouse gases at or above current rates would caus ...
... greenhouse gas concentrations. The panel’s assessment of data collected since 1970 showed it is likely that anthropogenic warming has had a discernable influence on many physical and biological systems. It concluded that the continued emission of greenhouse gases at or above current rates would caus ...
Greenhouse Gas Progress Report 2016 - Name
... is changing. The weather has always fluctuated, and it will continue to do so. But the long-term average, the climate, is getting warmer and the weather is getting wilder. Effects on the natural environment, human health and the economy are accelerating. Human activity is causing climate change (som ...
... is changing. The weather has always fluctuated, and it will continue to do so. But the long-term average, the climate, is getting warmer and the weather is getting wilder. Effects on the natural environment, human health and the economy are accelerating. Human activity is causing climate change (som ...
Swinomish Indian Tribal Community
... Technical Report, a preliminary Adaptation Strategy Report, and a Community Action Plan with recommendations for future adaptation options and strategies. This technical report comprises the first milestone of the project. It represents the work of a multidisciplinary team led by staff of the Swinom ...
... Technical Report, a preliminary Adaptation Strategy Report, and a Community Action Plan with recommendations for future adaptation options and strategies. This technical report comprises the first milestone of the project. It represents the work of a multidisciplinary team led by staff of the Swinom ...
NRDC: Sneezing and Wheezing - How Climate Change Could
... areas.24 Hot, clear summer days with calm winds tend to increase both ozone and pollen concentrations. Atmospheric CO2 levels have increased by 27 percent since 1960, up from just under 315 parts per million (ppm) to the current estimate of 400 ppm.25 In the United States, average temperatures since ...
... areas.24 Hot, clear summer days with calm winds tend to increase both ozone and pollen concentrations. Atmospheric CO2 levels have increased by 27 percent since 1960, up from just under 315 parts per million (ppm) to the current estimate of 400 ppm.25 In the United States, average temperatures since ...
2015 Pennsylvania Climate Impacts Assessment Update
... statistical techniques, and the most recent suite of global and regional climate model simulations. The findings are largely similar to those of the 2009 Report and 2013 Update. Pennsylvania has undergone a long-term warming of more than 1 °C (1.8°F) over the past 110 years, interrupted by a brief c ...
... statistical techniques, and the most recent suite of global and regional climate model simulations. The findings are largely similar to those of the 2009 Report and 2013 Update. Pennsylvania has undergone a long-term warming of more than 1 °C (1.8°F) over the past 110 years, interrupted by a brief c ...
Impact Assessment on Aquaculture Framers in Sarawak, Malaysia
... Since the past two decades, the climate projection has revealed the occurrence of climate change by the extreme warming trends of the mean surface temperature. Malaysia has experienced the highest mean surface temperature in 1997 and 1998 and the frequent El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. ...
... Since the past two decades, the climate projection has revealed the occurrence of climate change by the extreme warming trends of the mean surface temperature. Malaysia has experienced the highest mean surface temperature in 1997 and 1998 and the frequent El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. ...
Suggestions for monitoring of biological effects of
... coral. All species studied seemed to tolerate ocean acidification quite well compared to the other stressors studied, except L. pertusa. Additive effects of anthropogenic stressors when combined with climatic variables were found, suggesting that acting on local stressors can delay negative impacts ...
... coral. All species studied seemed to tolerate ocean acidification quite well compared to the other stressors studied, except L. pertusa. Additive effects of anthropogenic stressors when combined with climatic variables were found, suggesting that acting on local stressors can delay negative impacts ...
European Perceptions of Climate Change (EPCC) - ORCA
... the United Kingdom, Germany, France and Norway were individually funded to collaborate in the design and analysis of a major comparative survey of climate and energy beliefs amongst the public in these four participating nations. This research project was supported through the JPI-Programme and asso ...
... the United Kingdom, Germany, France and Norway were individually funded to collaborate in the design and analysis of a major comparative survey of climate and energy beliefs amongst the public in these four participating nations. This research project was supported through the JPI-Programme and asso ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.