Centennial and Millennial climate- carbon cycle feedback analysis
... forcings are solar irradiance changes, volcanic eruptions and man-made forcings include the emissions of different type of trace gases into the atmosphere (Le Treut et al., 2007). The most important trace gases with potential to alter the radiative properties of the climate system are long lived gre ...
... forcings are solar irradiance changes, volcanic eruptions and man-made forcings include the emissions of different type of trace gases into the atmosphere (Le Treut et al., 2007). The most important trace gases with potential to alter the radiative properties of the climate system are long lived gre ...
Analyses of the spring phenology of boreal trees and its - E
... the phenological regulation mechanisms of the trees more realistically, even though the model based on the signal from the light climate seems better for most species. Thus phenological data does not permit reliable estimates of the effect of climate change on the spring phenology of boreal trees. D ...
... the phenological regulation mechanisms of the trees more realistically, even though the model based on the signal from the light climate seems better for most species. Thus phenological data does not permit reliable estimates of the effect of climate change on the spring phenology of boreal trees. D ...
Transportation & Climate Change in Manitoba – Proceedings
... On March 12, 2003, the Manitoba Department of Transportation and Government Services (TGS) and the University of Manitoba Transport Institute hosted the Transportation and Climate Change in Manitoba – 2003 workshop. The aim of the workshop was to engage transportation service providers, policy maker ...
... On March 12, 2003, the Manitoba Department of Transportation and Government Services (TGS) and the University of Manitoba Transport Institute hosted the Transportation and Climate Change in Manitoba – 2003 workshop. The aim of the workshop was to engage transportation service providers, policy maker ...
Climate Change Adaptation: What Federal Agencies are Doing
... There is a growing consensus that regardless of our efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, significant climate change is unavoidable. Although climate mitigation remains critical, we must also be thinking about and planning for ways to limit the adverse impacts from unavoidable changes in our ...
... There is a growing consensus that regardless of our efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, significant climate change is unavoidable. Although climate mitigation remains critical, we must also be thinking about and planning for ways to limit the adverse impacts from unavoidable changes in our ...
Impact of climate change on infrastructure in Australia and CGE
... from greater network strain due to operating at near or over capacity; increased outages from extreme events, in particular wind-borne debris, airborne pollution and bushfires; and potentially amplified degradation of line assets due to ground movement or reduction in ground water. The cumulative af ...
... from greater network strain due to operating at near or over capacity; increased outages from extreme events, in particular wind-borne debris, airborne pollution and bushfires; and potentially amplified degradation of line assets due to ground movement or reduction in ground water. The cumulative af ...
adaptation and the mortality effects of temperature across us climate
... generated mixed findings on whether this heterogeneity correlates with the average climate of these broad regions. Yet, because the relationship between temperature and mortality plausibly varies nonlinearly with ...
... generated mixed findings on whether this heterogeneity correlates with the average climate of these broad regions. Yet, because the relationship between temperature and mortality plausibly varies nonlinearly with ...
Stop Trashing the Climate
... To say it would be “very beneficial” is probably an understatement. It turns out that we can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by an amount equivalent to shutting down one-fifth of the nation’s coal-fired power plants by making practical and achievable changes to America’s waste management system. Ind ...
... To say it would be “very beneficial” is probably an understatement. It turns out that we can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by an amount equivalent to shutting down one-fifth of the nation’s coal-fired power plants by making practical and achievable changes to America’s waste management system. Ind ...
Public pressure versus lobbying – how do Environmental NGOs matter most in climate negotiations? - Working Paper 70 (472 kB) (opens in new window)
... NGOs using outsider-strategies can not only influence climate change negotiations from inside the conference center as lobbyists or advisors, but also from the outside by organizing and participating in mass protests.24 The following section focuses on the leverage NGOs gain from organizing protests ...
... NGOs using outsider-strategies can not only influence climate change negotiations from inside the conference center as lobbyists or advisors, but also from the outside by organizing and participating in mass protests.24 The following section focuses on the leverage NGOs gain from organizing protests ...
Present Day Carbon Dioxide Fluxes in the Coastal Ocean and
... ocean • coastal environments • feedbacks • land use • waste water inputs • agricultural fertilizers • hydrological cycle • atmospheric deposition • Ocean acidification Warming of the climate system is unequivocal based on observational evidence from all continents and most oceans (increases in globa ...
... ocean • coastal environments • feedbacks • land use • waste water inputs • agricultural fertilizers • hydrological cycle • atmospheric deposition • Ocean acidification Warming of the climate system is unequivocal based on observational evidence from all continents and most oceans (increases in globa ...
Climate change and human health in cities
... of ecological systems. Social conditions include income, knowledge, and the capacity to plan, responsiveness of authorities, and organization of vulnerable populations. Health system conditions refer to the underlying health status of the population (although this could also be characterized as a so ...
... of ecological systems. Social conditions include income, knowledge, and the capacity to plan, responsiveness of authorities, and organization of vulnerable populations. Health system conditions refer to the underlying health status of the population (although this could also be characterized as a so ...
Adaptation Research Programs and Funding
... owners and users to adapt to climate change as outlined in (but not limited to) Transportation Research Board (TRB) Special Report 290: Potential Impacts of Climate Change on U.S. Transportation. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) defines adaptation as “an adjustment in natural or ...
... owners and users to adapt to climate change as outlined in (but not limited to) Transportation Research Board (TRB) Special Report 290: Potential Impacts of Climate Change on U.S. Transportation. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) defines adaptation as “an adjustment in natural or ...
Module 12 Arctic Biodiversity in a Global Context
... 78o27′S). An important distinguishing feature between the three regions, however, is the low precipitation in the Antarctic. Over extensive areas, the “dry valleys” have an annual precipitation around 4.5 cm (rain equivalents), with high winds and little or no lying snow. Higher precipitation, often ...
... 78o27′S). An important distinguishing feature between the three regions, however, is the low precipitation in the Antarctic. Over extensive areas, the “dry valleys” have an annual precipitation around 4.5 cm (rain equivalents), with high winds and little or no lying snow. Higher precipitation, often ...
Assessment of Sea Level Rise on Bangladesh Coast
... Over the last few decades, SLR has become a growing concern in particular for the island and coastal countries of the world. As a coastal country, Bangladesh may face more loss, damage and even massive migration challenge because of country’s a wide variety of geo-physiographic features including tr ...
... Over the last few decades, SLR has become a growing concern in particular for the island and coastal countries of the world. As a coastal country, Bangladesh may face more loss, damage and even massive migration challenge because of country’s a wide variety of geo-physiographic features including tr ...
Cambodia`s first national communication
... of 17oC in January. The country frequently experiences floods and droughts, that cause considerable economic losses and social and environmental impacts. Cambodia rarely suffers from extreme weather events such as typhoons or even severe storms because it is protected by the surrounding mountain ran ...
... of 17oC in January. The country frequently experiences floods and droughts, that cause considerable economic losses and social and environmental impacts. Cambodia rarely suffers from extreme weather events such as typhoons or even severe storms because it is protected by the surrounding mountain ran ...
Southern Africa Climate Change Framework
... The sub-region has been experiencing a warming trend over the past few decades. This is consistent with the global trend of temperature rise in the 1970s, 1980s and the 1990s. According to the IPCC, temperatures in the sub-region have risen by over 0.5°C over the last 100 years. Between 1950 and 20 ...
... The sub-region has been experiencing a warming trend over the past few decades. This is consistent with the global trend of temperature rise in the 1970s, 1980s and the 1990s. According to the IPCC, temperatures in the sub-region have risen by over 0.5°C over the last 100 years. Between 1950 and 20 ...
factors influencing climate change adaptation
... water availability and production risk. (Thornton & Herrero, 2010). Future changes in the climate could have significant impact on agriculture that will challenge farmers to adopt to changes in land use, commodity production and its location. Moreover, agriculture is a major source of global greenho ...
... water availability and production risk. (Thornton & Herrero, 2010). Future changes in the climate could have significant impact on agriculture that will challenge farmers to adopt to changes in land use, commodity production and its location. Moreover, agriculture is a major source of global greenho ...
SoE 2016 Atmosphere report (PDF - 4.88 MB)
... its impact on the Australian environment will require coordinated international action by all countries. The Paris Agreement, to which 195 countries have agreed, aims to hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit the ...
... its impact on the Australian environment will require coordinated international action by all countries. The Paris Agreement, to which 195 countries have agreed, aims to hold the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels and pursue efforts to limit the ...
Effects of Climate Change on the Canadian Arctic Wildlife
... particular, we generate lots of new knowledge about the importance of the role of sea ice in wildlife ecology. • Consequences of climate warming on wildlife can sometimes be negative and sometimes be positive, depending on the species that is considered. Those species most specialized for Arctic en ...
... particular, we generate lots of new knowledge about the importance of the role of sea ice in wildlife ecology. • Consequences of climate warming on wildlife can sometimes be negative and sometimes be positive, depending on the species that is considered. Those species most specialized for Arctic en ...
Climate phoenix - Grattan Institute
... measure. What counts are Australia’s total emissions over time: there would be little point in Australia’s emissions being 5 per cent below 2000 levels in the year 2020 if emissions had been significantly higher in previous years. As shown in Figure 1, the 2020 target is actually a declining traject ...
... measure. What counts are Australia’s total emissions over time: there would be little point in Australia’s emissions being 5 per cent below 2000 levels in the year 2020 if emissions had been significantly higher in previous years. As shown in Figure 1, the 2020 target is actually a declining traject ...
Tropical Fruit Tree Species and Climate Change
... the world’s climate will result in major shifts in food production. It may increase in some places due to increases in rainfall and temperature while in others, food production may fall steeply due to a decrease in rainfall. Climate change is predicted to have major impacts on small-scale farmers wh ...
... the world’s climate will result in major shifts in food production. It may increase in some places due to increases in rainfall and temperature while in others, food production may fall steeply due to a decrease in rainfall. Climate change is predicted to have major impacts on small-scale farmers wh ...
National Research Council Report
... This committee was asked to describe and assess the state of scientific efforts to reconstruct surface temperature records for the Earth over approximately the last 2,000 years. (The full Statement of Task appears in Appendix A.) Normally, a technical issue such as surface temperature reconstruction ...
... This committee was asked to describe and assess the state of scientific efforts to reconstruct surface temperature records for the Earth over approximately the last 2,000 years. (The full Statement of Task appears in Appendix A.) Normally, a technical issue such as surface temperature reconstruction ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.