A simple formula predicts the social costs of carbon with remarkable precision
... The SCC compresses the monetized cost from releasing a ton of CO2 to the atmosphere today to one number. The IAMs obtain this number by optimizing current emissions in a model for the global carbon cycle with temperature dynamics connected to a global economy description. There are several widely us ...
... The SCC compresses the monetized cost from releasing a ton of CO2 to the atmosphere today to one number. The IAMs obtain this number by optimizing current emissions in a model for the global carbon cycle with temperature dynamics connected to a global economy description. There are several widely us ...
PDF File - Patrick Gonzalez
... Aim Climate change threatens to shift vegetation, disrupting ecosystems and damaging human well-being. Field observations in boreal, temperate and tropical ecosystems have detected biome changes in the 20th century, yet a lack of spatial data on vulnerability hinders organizations that manage natura ...
... Aim Climate change threatens to shift vegetation, disrupting ecosystems and damaging human well-being. Field observations in boreal, temperate and tropical ecosystems have detected biome changes in the 20th century, yet a lack of spatial data on vulnerability hinders organizations that manage natura ...
CEQ Draft Guidance on Consideration of the
... Prioritizes analysis of “aspects of the environment that are affected by the proposed action and the significance of climate change for those aspects of the affected environment” – “Agencies should consider the specific effects of the proposed action (including the proposed action’s effect on the ...
... Prioritizes analysis of “aspects of the environment that are affected by the proposed action and the significance of climate change for those aspects of the affected environment” – “Agencies should consider the specific effects of the proposed action (including the proposed action’s effect on the ...
Final Agenda Climate Finance Workshop CANSA
... Break-out groups- To produce outputs such as the country finance maps, research needs, and recommendations for regional coordination (30 minutes) Guiding Questions: (a) Do we need a National and / oR Regional Finance Mechanism (b) How it should be developed? (c) How do we strengthen the regional mec ...
... Break-out groups- To produce outputs such as the country finance maps, research needs, and recommendations for regional coordination (30 minutes) Guiding Questions: (a) Do we need a National and / oR Regional Finance Mechanism (b) How it should be developed? (c) How do we strengthen the regional mec ...
CLIMsystems Compendium of Products and Services
... Drought Monitoring and Analysis Service .................................................................................................... 5 Sea Level Rise and Extreme Sea Level Analysis Service ................................................................................ 6 SWAT and Water Resou ...
... Drought Monitoring and Analysis Service .................................................................................................... 5 Sea Level Rise and Extreme Sea Level Analysis Service ................................................................................ 6 SWAT and Water Resou ...
PHYS575 Syllabus - Atmospheric Physics 1
... II. Related to the origin and evolution of the Earth’s Atmosphere: Ice ages Iceline problem, unstable to both + and – solar changes. Runaway ice age and sensitivity to solar output. Snowball Earth and the effects on the Atmosphere How fast can ocean and atmosphere freeze? Will thawing overshoo ...
... II. Related to the origin and evolution of the Earth’s Atmosphere: Ice ages Iceline problem, unstable to both + and – solar changes. Runaway ice age and sensitivity to solar output. Snowball Earth and the effects on the Atmosphere How fast can ocean and atmosphere freeze? Will thawing overshoo ...
A Discussion Paper on Climate Change and Forestry in Nova Scotia
... Since the end of the 19th century, the global average surface temperature has increased by 0.6°C (± 0.2°C) (Albritton et al., 2001). Depending on the source of information, the average global air temperature increase that will occur with effective doubling the concentration of atmospheric CO2 ranges ...
... Since the end of the 19th century, the global average surface temperature has increased by 0.6°C (± 0.2°C) (Albritton et al., 2001). Depending on the source of information, the average global air temperature increase that will occur with effective doubling the concentration of atmospheric CO2 ranges ...
PDF
... • The Importance of Climate in Crop Insurance • Climate Mapping with PRISM - overview • PRISM RMA Weather and Climate Portal • How growers and others can contribute to our maps • Crop Suitability Mapping ...
... • The Importance of Climate in Crop Insurance • Climate Mapping with PRISM - overview • PRISM RMA Weather and Climate Portal • How growers and others can contribute to our maps • Crop Suitability Mapping ...
Impacts of Climate Change on the Management of Upland Waters
... form of rain. » (Beniston, 1997).According to the scenario of Météo-France (Martin & Durand, 1998), assuming an increase in temperature of +1.8 C°, at an elevation of 1,500 m, the average length of snow cover, presently comprised between 160 and 180 days in the Northern French Alps, could decrease d ...
... form of rain. » (Beniston, 1997).According to the scenario of Météo-France (Martin & Durand, 1998), assuming an increase in temperature of +1.8 C°, at an elevation of 1,500 m, the average length of snow cover, presently comprised between 160 and 180 days in the Northern French Alps, could decrease d ...
Low-Carbon Development for the Least Developed Countries (opens in new window)
... Low-cost options for greenhouse gas emission reductions in LDCs The costs of climate change mitigation globally are uncertain. Stern (2007) concluded that the expected annual cost of achieving emissions reductions consistent with stabilisation at around 500–550 ppm CO2e were likely to be around 1% o ...
... Low-cost options for greenhouse gas emission reductions in LDCs The costs of climate change mitigation globally are uncertain. Stern (2007) concluded that the expected annual cost of achieving emissions reductions consistent with stabilisation at around 500–550 ppm CO2e were likely to be around 1% o ...
Climate diplomacy: Drawing conclusions and recommendations
... all pillars. For instance, security issues occurring among neighbouring countries may have been as a result of instability emanating from food security issues, limited access to water, loss of assets as a result of frequent drought, and so on. Hence, incorporating climate variability and change into ...
... all pillars. For instance, security issues occurring among neighbouring countries may have been as a result of instability emanating from food security issues, limited access to water, loss of assets as a result of frequent drought, and so on. Hence, incorporating climate variability and change into ...
The Role of Transportation in Driving Climate Disruption
... The influence of air pollutant precursor emissions on warming is important, yet complex. Air pollutants—ozone-forming nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and sulfur oxides—affect the global climate both directly and indirectly. Air pollution indirectly inhibits Ear ...
... The influence of air pollutant precursor emissions on warming is important, yet complex. Air pollutants—ozone-forming nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, and sulfur oxides—affect the global climate both directly and indirectly. Air pollution indirectly inhibits Ear ...
Climate Change News 16 March 11
... Speaking on the implementation of REDD-Plus, the Director of the Fiji Department of Environment, Mr. Jope Davetanivalu, highlighted the synergies that will be created with the other Rio conventions such as the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification and the Convention on Biological Diver ...
... Speaking on the implementation of REDD-Plus, the Director of the Fiji Department of Environment, Mr. Jope Davetanivalu, highlighted the synergies that will be created with the other Rio conventions such as the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification and the Convention on Biological Diver ...
Climate Change and impact assessment
... local level would not only facilitate the integration of climate change adaptation within EIA but would also facilitate the implementation of a variety of other adaptation measures” (Agrawala et al. 2010 p. 34). This is particularly relevant in the context of least developed countries that may not h ...
... local level would not only facilitate the integration of climate change adaptation within EIA but would also facilitate the implementation of a variety of other adaptation measures” (Agrawala et al. 2010 p. 34). This is particularly relevant in the context of least developed countries that may not h ...
Climate of the Past
... the impact of those uncertainties in the timing of land-cover changes, we have tested here another simple scenario in a new ensemble of 10 experiments. The crop fraction increases first linearly during the period 1000–1250 AD, reaching in 1250 AD the value imposed in 1450 AD in the standard scenario ...
... the impact of those uncertainties in the timing of land-cover changes, we have tested here another simple scenario in a new ensemble of 10 experiments. The crop fraction increases first linearly during the period 1000–1250 AD, reaching in 1250 AD the value imposed in 1450 AD in the standard scenario ...
Download country chapter
... Telecommunications and Information Technology. The Committee has a number of responsibilities: harmonising the programmes and policies for the implementation of the National Climate Change and Biodiversity Strategies; creating the necessary conditions for the implementation of the National Climate C ...
... Telecommunications and Information Technology. The Committee has a number of responsibilities: harmonising the programmes and policies for the implementation of the National Climate Change and Biodiversity Strategies; creating the necessary conditions for the implementation of the National Climate C ...
Comments by: Patrick J. Michaels and Paul C. Knappenberger
... mainstream science—that the most likely value of the equilibrium climate sensitivity is lower than that used by the IWG and that the estimate is much better constrained. This situation has profound implications for the determination of the SCC and yet continues to be summarily dismissed by the IWG. ...
... mainstream science—that the most likely value of the equilibrium climate sensitivity is lower than that used by the IWG and that the estimate is much better constrained. This situation has profound implications for the determination of the SCC and yet continues to be summarily dismissed by the IWG. ...
Presentation
... Resolution 73 on Climate Change Notes conclusion of GSS that ICT industry can set an example by committing to specific programs with objectives to reduce overall GHG emissions Recognizes that ICTs can make a substantial contribution and be a major factor to mitigate the effects of climate chan ...
... Resolution 73 on Climate Change Notes conclusion of GSS that ICT industry can set an example by committing to specific programs with objectives to reduce overall GHG emissions Recognizes that ICTs can make a substantial contribution and be a major factor to mitigate the effects of climate chan ...
UNFCCC Workshop on the preparation of national communications
... adaptation to climate change, as well as any uncertainties inherent in these methodologies ...
... adaptation to climate change, as well as any uncertainties inherent in these methodologies ...
NEWSLETTER - UU Ministry for Earth
... Well, low-lying landmasses such as Captiva Island provide both a laboratory and a platform to address rising waters worldwide and will be among the first to be affected by global weather disturbances. Resting so near sea level, the island offers an opportunity to serve as a “ground zero” threshold ...
... Well, low-lying landmasses such as Captiva Island provide both a laboratory and a platform to address rising waters worldwide and will be among the first to be affected by global weather disturbances. Resting so near sea level, the island offers an opportunity to serve as a “ground zero” threshold ...
Aalborg Universitet Nielsen, Jørgen
... By comparing the information in Table 3 with the information in Table 1 it can be seen that the provided data only contain data for some of the parameters needed in the design of buildings. One also misses the statistical information on these parameters, but that is the nature of scenarios, since th ...
... By comparing the information in Table 3 with the information in Table 1 it can be seen that the provided data only contain data for some of the parameters needed in the design of buildings. One also misses the statistical information on these parameters, but that is the nature of scenarios, since th ...
Comparative analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from major
... using 30% country specific and 70% default emission factor. This paper focuses on calculation greenhouse gases (eq CO2) in the major cities of India (population above 10 million as per 2011 census) namely Delhi and Greater Mumbai Chennai and Bangalore from key sectors. The total Carbon dioxide equiv ...
... using 30% country specific and 70% default emission factor. This paper focuses on calculation greenhouse gases (eq CO2) in the major cities of India (population above 10 million as per 2011 census) namely Delhi and Greater Mumbai Chennai and Bangalore from key sectors. The total Carbon dioxide equiv ...
Nitrogen and phosphorous limitations significantly reduce future
... pattern of nutrient limitations results from low net N mineralization rate at high latitudes, where soil temperature is low and the soil C:N ratio is high, and low level of labile soil P at low latitudes associated with highly weathered soil (further discussions in supplementary Text S2; see Tables ...
... pattern of nutrient limitations results from low net N mineralization rate at high latitudes, where soil temperature is low and the soil C:N ratio is high, and low level of labile soil P at low latitudes associated with highly weathered soil (further discussions in supplementary Text S2; see Tables ...
LCC/2014/0096Preston New Road, Little Plumpton, Fylde Appendix
... In light of the conversion factors commonly used by others agencies in the UK, the applicant’s use of a figure of 25 is not unreasonable. Emissions from this project The applicant’s ES estimates the greatest source of the project GHG emissions come from burning the gas in the flare (73%). The total ...
... In light of the conversion factors commonly used by others agencies in the UK, the applicant’s use of a figure of 25 is not unreasonable. Emissions from this project The applicant’s ES estimates the greatest source of the project GHG emissions come from burning the gas in the flare (73%). The total ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.