LCC/2014/0096Preston New Road, Little Plumpton, Fylde Appendix
... In light of the conversion factors commonly used by others agencies in the UK, the applicant’s use of a figure of 25 is not unreasonable. Emissions from this project The applicant’s ES estimates the greatest source of the project GHG emissions come from burning the gas in the flare (73%). The total ...
... In light of the conversion factors commonly used by others agencies in the UK, the applicant’s use of a figure of 25 is not unreasonable. Emissions from this project The applicant’s ES estimates the greatest source of the project GHG emissions come from burning the gas in the flare (73%). The total ...
Kashyapi_Prest. AK FLORIDA final
... CC IN EARLY 21ST CENTURY IS LIKELY TO INCREASE FOREST PRODUCTION, BUT WITH HIGH SENSITIVITY TO DROUGHT, STORMS, INSECTS AND OTHER DISTURBANCES MODERATE CC IN EARLY DECADES OF CENTURY TO INCREASE AGGREGATE YIELDS OF RAINFED AGRICULTURE BY 5 TO 20% WARMER SUMMER TEMP. PROJECTED TO EXTEND HIGH FIRE ...
... CC IN EARLY 21ST CENTURY IS LIKELY TO INCREASE FOREST PRODUCTION, BUT WITH HIGH SENSITIVITY TO DROUGHT, STORMS, INSECTS AND OTHER DISTURBANCES MODERATE CC IN EARLY DECADES OF CENTURY TO INCREASE AGGREGATE YIELDS OF RAINFED AGRICULTURE BY 5 TO 20% WARMER SUMMER TEMP. PROJECTED TO EXTEND HIGH FIRE ...
modern climate change in slovenia
... climate features grow stronger; toward the south and southwest, Mediterranean features; and with increasing altitudes in the Alps and High Dinaric plateaus, the features of the alpine climate. Characteristic of the alpine climate found in the Julian Alps, the Karavanke Mountains, the Kamni{ke-Savinj ...
... climate features grow stronger; toward the south and southwest, Mediterranean features; and with increasing altitudes in the Alps and High Dinaric plateaus, the features of the alpine climate. Characteristic of the alpine climate found in the Julian Alps, the Karavanke Mountains, the Kamni{ke-Savinj ...
Eyring_CCMValOverview_SPARCSSG_091028
... Motivation Stratospheric ozone is known to vary in response to a number of natural factors, such as the seasonal and the 11-year cycles in solar irradiance, the QBO, ENSO, variations in transport associated with large-scale circulations (i.e., Brewer Dobson circulation) and dynamical variability as ...
... Motivation Stratospheric ozone is known to vary in response to a number of natural factors, such as the seasonal and the 11-year cycles in solar irradiance, the QBO, ENSO, variations in transport associated with large-scale circulations (i.e., Brewer Dobson circulation) and dynamical variability as ...
3. IPCC`s evaluation of evidence and treatment of uncertainty
... f Magnitude of anthropogenic contributions not assessed. Attribution for these phenomena based on expert judgment rather than formal attribution studies. g Extreme high sea level depends on average sea level and on regional weather systems. It is defined here as the highest 1% of hourly values of ...
... f Magnitude of anthropogenic contributions not assessed. Attribution for these phenomena based on expert judgment rather than formal attribution studies. g Extreme high sea level depends on average sea level and on regional weather systems. It is defined here as the highest 1% of hourly values of ...
Letter from Peter Lilley to Bob Ward, 2 January 2013
... change will be equivalent to losing at least 5% of global GDP each year, now and forever (my emphasis)” when, as your para 8 confirms, costs only reach 5% in 200 years time. Stern only explains the “balanced growth equivalent” concept 160 pages further on. Nowhere does his Review spell out that the ...
... change will be equivalent to losing at least 5% of global GDP each year, now and forever (my emphasis)” when, as your para 8 confirms, costs only reach 5% in 200 years time. Stern only explains the “balanced growth equivalent” concept 160 pages further on. Nowhere does his Review spell out that the ...
Extract from the “Climate Change and Human Health” Study Report
... Second, ground cover is degraded (due to human factors and concurrent droughts) and bio production decreases that can contribute or hinder the desertification process through the bio-geo-physical feedback mechanism in the regional climate system. According to an estimation (liner trend) of temperatu ...
... Second, ground cover is degraded (due to human factors and concurrent droughts) and bio production decreases that can contribute or hinder the desertification process through the bio-geo-physical feedback mechanism in the regional climate system. According to an estimation (liner trend) of temperatu ...
More than CO : a broader paradigm for managing climate change
... carbon and also underpin the hydrological cycle. Tropical forests absorb about 18% of all carbon dioxide added by fossil fuels, annually processing about six times as much carbon via photosynthesis and respiration as humans emit from fossil fuel use [11,49,50]. If society fails to act soon, severe s ...
... carbon and also underpin the hydrological cycle. Tropical forests absorb about 18% of all carbon dioxide added by fossil fuels, annually processing about six times as much carbon via photosynthesis and respiration as humans emit from fossil fuel use [11,49,50]. If society fails to act soon, severe s ...
Stratospheric sulfur injection on terrestrial autotroph productivity
... The planetary climatic condition is the result of a complex system dependent on many factors including Earth’s orbital behavior and the orientation of its axis, continental arrangement, greenhouse gas concentrations, predominant life forms, and the strength of the sun’s incident radiation (Desonie). ...
... The planetary climatic condition is the result of a complex system dependent on many factors including Earth’s orbital behavior and the orientation of its axis, continental arrangement, greenhouse gas concentrations, predominant life forms, and the strength of the sun’s incident radiation (Desonie). ...
8-Impacts_climate_variabilitychange
... variability and change could leave many African countries reliant on food aid from the developed countries (UNDP,2004) Climate variability and change will affect not only natural resource bases but could also have implication for human health. Vector-borne diseases such as malaria are already placin ...
... variability and change could leave many African countries reliant on food aid from the developed countries (UNDP,2004) Climate variability and change will affect not only natural resource bases but could also have implication for human health. Vector-borne diseases such as malaria are already placin ...
MET 112 Global Climate Change - Department of Meteorology and
... Clouds are formed when air containing water vapor is cooled below a critical temperature called the dew point and the resulting moisture condenses into droplets on microscopic dust particles (condensation nuclei) in the atmosphere. ...
... Clouds are formed when air containing water vapor is cooled below a critical temperature called the dew point and the resulting moisture condenses into droplets on microscopic dust particles (condensation nuclei) in the atmosphere. ...
Introduction - Department of Meteorology and Climate Science
... Clouds are formed when air containing water vapor is cooled below a critical temperature called the dew point and the resulting moisture condenses into droplets on microscopic dust particles (condensation nuclei) in the atmosphere. ...
... Clouds are formed when air containing water vapor is cooled below a critical temperature called the dew point and the resulting moisture condenses into droplets on microscopic dust particles (condensation nuclei) in the atmosphere. ...
Contrasting climate change in the two polar regions
... circulation of the Southern Ocean. An index of the SAM has been constructed from the pressure difference between the latitudes 40°S and 65°S (Marshall 2003), allowing its changes since 1957 to be investigated. The record can be extended further back using proxy data, such as the tree-ring record (Jo ...
... circulation of the Southern Ocean. An index of the SAM has been constructed from the pressure difference between the latitudes 40°S and 65°S (Marshall 2003), allowing its changes since 1957 to be investigated. The record can be extended further back using proxy data, such as the tree-ring record (Jo ...
Adapting to climate change in practice
... for practical implementation Moderator: Andreas Vetter, Federal Ministry for the Environment (D) Municipalities, cities and regions are faced with the challenge of having to develop concepts for adapting to climate change and to implement suitable measures. For the most part, they only have limited ...
... for practical implementation Moderator: Andreas Vetter, Federal Ministry for the Environment (D) Municipalities, cities and regions are faced with the challenge of having to develop concepts for adapting to climate change and to implement suitable measures. For the most part, they only have limited ...
Annex III
... Carbon cycle The term used to describe the flow of carbon (in various forms, e.g., as carbon dioxide) through the atmosphere, ocean, terrestrial and marine biosphere and lithosphere. In this report, the reference unit for the global carbon cycle is GtC or equivalently PgC (1015g). Carbon dioxide (CO ...
... Carbon cycle The term used to describe the flow of carbon (in various forms, e.g., as carbon dioxide) through the atmosphere, ocean, terrestrial and marine biosphere and lithosphere. In this report, the reference unit for the global carbon cycle is GtC or equivalently PgC (1015g). Carbon dioxide (CO ...
The direct route by which the transport sector
... equivalent. In order to compare different greenhouse gases, which have different global warming and hence climate change impacts, they are all converted to a common basis – being that of carbon dioxide equivalents. To convert emissions of a gas to its CO2e, the emissions are multiplied by a factor k ...
... equivalent. In order to compare different greenhouse gases, which have different global warming and hence climate change impacts, they are all converted to a common basis – being that of carbon dioxide equivalents. To convert emissions of a gas to its CO2e, the emissions are multiplied by a factor k ...
Planetary atmospheres
... Did Earth get its water from comets? • Some water from outgassing volcanoes • Second potential source of the Earth's ocean water is comet-like balls of ice. • Enter atmosphere at rate of about 20/second. • Four billion years of such bombardment would give enough water to fill the oceans to their pr ...
... Did Earth get its water from comets? • Some water from outgassing volcanoes • Second potential source of the Earth's ocean water is comet-like balls of ice. • Enter atmosphere at rate of about 20/second. • Four billion years of such bombardment would give enough water to fill the oceans to their pr ...
The Greatest Challenges of Our Time
... radiation and some contribution by the earth’s heat. Human beings are perhaps the most developed sub-component in this “machinery”. ...
... radiation and some contribution by the earth’s heat. Human beings are perhaps the most developed sub-component in this “machinery”. ...
Climate Change Impacts on Columbia Basin Tribal Lands
... Hot summer mainstem water temperatures often exceed state standards for salmon. Adult salmon migration delays are more common at Bonneville Dam due to high temperatures (> 68 degF). Fish may stray into cooler tributary streams. Incubation of redds is sooner due to warmer winter water. ...
... Hot summer mainstem water temperatures often exceed state standards for salmon. Adult salmon migration delays are more common at Bonneville Dam due to high temperatures (> 68 degF). Fish may stray into cooler tributary streams. Incubation of redds is sooner due to warmer winter water. ...
The potential impacts of climate change on the mid
... we computed monthly mean temat Atlantic City, New Jersey. Recurrence-interval values (horizontal lines) are current Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) perature from 1949 to 1994 in 23 regions determinations for Atlantic City. The vertical axis is height above the of the main-stem Chesapeake ...
... we computed monthly mean temat Atlantic City, New Jersey. Recurrence-interval values (horizontal lines) are current Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) perature from 1949 to 1994 in 23 regions determinations for Atlantic City. The vertical axis is height above the of the main-stem Chesapeake ...
Means and extremes: building variability into
... et al. 2010; Woodward et al. 2010). Freshwater systems are particularly vulnerable to changing climates as they are often highly rangerestricted, and are subject to competition for water resources with human uses (Hobday & Lough 2011). Effects of extreme events in freshwater occur in two main areas. ...
... et al. 2010; Woodward et al. 2010). Freshwater systems are particularly vulnerable to changing climates as they are often highly rangerestricted, and are subject to competition for water resources with human uses (Hobday & Lough 2011). Effects of extreme events in freshwater occur in two main areas. ...
Calculating the global
... Thus methane has a potential of 25 over 100 years but 72 over 20 years; conversely sulfur hexafluoride has a GWP of 22,800 over 100 years but 16,300 over 20 years (IPCC TAR). The GWP value depends on how the gas concentration decays over time in the atmosphere. This is often not precisely known and ...
... Thus methane has a potential of 25 over 100 years but 72 over 20 years; conversely sulfur hexafluoride has a GWP of 22,800 over 100 years but 16,300 over 20 years (IPCC TAR). The GWP value depends on how the gas concentration decays over time in the atmosphere. This is often not precisely known and ...
Climate Change - cloudfront.net
... emissions above 55 GtCO2eq in 2030 are characterized by substantially higher rates of ¶ emissions reductions from 2030 to 2050 (Figure SPM.5, middle panel); much more rapid scale‐up of ¶ low‐carbon energy over this period (Figure SPM.5, right panel); a larger reliance on CDR technologies ¶ in the lo ...
... emissions above 55 GtCO2eq in 2030 are characterized by substantially higher rates of ¶ emissions reductions from 2030 to 2050 (Figure SPM.5, middle panel); much more rapid scale‐up of ¶ low‐carbon energy over this period (Figure SPM.5, right panel); a larger reliance on CDR technologies ¶ in the lo ...
Challenge of Weather and Climate
... Highest sunshine hours are recorded over Snowdonia. There is generally more sunshine in the east than the west. The North Atlantic Drift has a warming effect in winter. The prevailing winds blow from the east. Built up areas such as London produce a heat island effect. Upland areas tend to record lo ...
... Highest sunshine hours are recorded over Snowdonia. There is generally more sunshine in the east than the west. The North Atlantic Drift has a warming effect in winter. The prevailing winds blow from the east. Built up areas such as London produce a heat island effect. Upland areas tend to record lo ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.