Climate change in New Brunswick (Canada): statistical downscaling
... Models (GCMs), air temperature is projected to increase by 1.4 to 5.8 ºC, and precipitation by 3 to 15 % globally in the 21st century. However, specific regional projections about the impact of climate change are hampered by the limited spatial resolution of global circulation models, making it diff ...
... Models (GCMs), air temperature is projected to increase by 1.4 to 5.8 ºC, and precipitation by 3 to 15 % globally in the 21st century. However, specific regional projections about the impact of climate change are hampered by the limited spatial resolution of global circulation models, making it diff ...
Microsoft Word
... Syllabus, specifically the content of the Preliminary Year topic PMA6 Data Analysis, many of its activities can be used in other areas of the curriculum, namely in Stage 5 Science, Stage 5 Geography and Stage 6 Earth and Environmental Science. At the end of this document, the connections of individu ...
... Syllabus, specifically the content of the Preliminary Year topic PMA6 Data Analysis, many of its activities can be used in other areas of the curriculum, namely in Stage 5 Science, Stage 5 Geography and Stage 6 Earth and Environmental Science. At the end of this document, the connections of individu ...
Climate change and freshwater ecosystems: impacts
... Climatic variations occur naturally over seasonal to millennial time scales, yet the unprecedented rates of warming observed in recent decades threaten to undermine the functioning of natural ecosystems, especially when combined with the myriad additional anthropogenic stresses to which many fresh w ...
... Climatic variations occur naturally over seasonal to millennial time scales, yet the unprecedented rates of warming observed in recent decades threaten to undermine the functioning of natural ecosystems, especially when combined with the myriad additional anthropogenic stresses to which many fresh w ...
PDF
... Finally, Jing Cao (2010) presents the perspective of China, the most important of the emerging economies, by examining an approach which seeks to reconcile fairness, economic development imperatives, and sensible climate policy actions. She takes as her starting point the Copenhagen Accord, the majo ...
... Finally, Jing Cao (2010) presents the perspective of China, the most important of the emerging economies, by examining an approach which seeks to reconcile fairness, economic development imperatives, and sensible climate policy actions. She takes as her starting point the Copenhagen Accord, the majo ...
Climate change and freshwater ecosystems: impacts across multiple
... Climatic variations occur naturally over seasonal to millennial time scales, yet the unprecedented rates of warming observed in recent decades threaten to undermine the functioning of natural ecosystems, especially when combined with the myriad additional anthropogenic stresses to which many fresh w ...
... Climatic variations occur naturally over seasonal to millennial time scales, yet the unprecedented rates of warming observed in recent decades threaten to undermine the functioning of natural ecosystems, especially when combined with the myriad additional anthropogenic stresses to which many fresh w ...
Climate Change: Overview and Implications for Wildlife
... different from those inferred from paleoclimatic data and from those to which some existing species are evolutionarily adapted. Therefore, past changes do provide a backdrop or context to gauge future changes, but not primarily as a spatial analog, but rather as means to verify the behavior of model ...
... different from those inferred from paleoclimatic data and from those to which some existing species are evolutionarily adapted. Therefore, past changes do provide a backdrop or context to gauge future changes, but not primarily as a spatial analog, but rather as means to verify the behavior of model ...
Observed Climate Variations and Change
... Hemispheres. A cooling of the Northern Hemisphere occurred between the 1940s and the early 1970s, while Southern Hemisphere temperatures remained nearly constant from the 1940s to about 1970. Since 1970 in the Southern Hemisphere and 1975 in the Northern Hemisphere, a more general warming has been o ...
... Hemispheres. A cooling of the Northern Hemisphere occurred between the 1940s and the early 1970s, while Southern Hemisphere temperatures remained nearly constant from the 1940s to about 1970. Since 1970 in the Southern Hemisphere and 1975 in the Northern Hemisphere, a more general warming has been o ...
Climate change and impacts in the Eastern Mediterranean and the
... Overall, the future effects of climate change on crop production are expected to be negative, at least for the major crops grown in the EMME. This could have important consequences for countries with economies that are dependent on agricultural production and where the adaptive capacity is limited. ...
... Overall, the future effects of climate change on crop production are expected to be negative, at least for the major crops grown in the EMME. This could have important consequences for countries with economies that are dependent on agricultural production and where the adaptive capacity is limited. ...
Projected Changes in Extreme Weather and Climate Events in Europe
... Arriving at a climate projection involves several steps. Firstly scenarios of energy production are used to construct Greenhouse Gas Emission (GHGE) scenarios. These are then used as input into a carbon cycle model that provides estimates of the sinks and sources of carbon. The balance between these ...
... Arriving at a climate projection involves several steps. Firstly scenarios of energy production are used to construct Greenhouse Gas Emission (GHGE) scenarios. These are then used as input into a carbon cycle model that provides estimates of the sinks and sources of carbon. The balance between these ...
Change is in the Air
... ELECTRICITY 13. Expand and extend all Toronto Hydro programs that support energy conservation and renewable energy. 14. Eliminate use of incandescent bulbs in all City-owned buildings, including Agencies, Boards and Commissions, by 2012. 15. Complete conversion of street lighting to LED technology b ...
... ELECTRICITY 13. Expand and extend all Toronto Hydro programs that support energy conservation and renewable energy. 14. Eliminate use of incandescent bulbs in all City-owned buildings, including Agencies, Boards and Commissions, by 2012. 15. Complete conversion of street lighting to LED technology b ...
David A. Dana Michael P. Vandenbergh Learning about Climate Change Adaptation
... B. It doesn’t matter what we do now, climate change has already passed the point of no return. C. If we don’t act on climate change now we can always act in the future. D. Through efforts to adapt we can still avoid most of the damage caused by climate change. E. It is likely that the effects ...
... B. It doesn’t matter what we do now, climate change has already passed the point of no return. C. If we don’t act on climate change now we can always act in the future. D. Through efforts to adapt we can still avoid most of the damage caused by climate change. E. It is likely that the effects ...
Interpretation of Climate Change Scenarios
... determine whether or not these events are due to climate change or to other factors, although some studies lead one to believe that these events were caused by warming attributable to the greenhouse effect (IPCC 2007b). The main objective of this technical document is to define some concepts related ...
... determine whether or not these events are due to climate change or to other factors, although some studies lead one to believe that these events were caused by warming attributable to the greenhouse effect (IPCC 2007b). The main objective of this technical document is to define some concepts related ...
The Case for Fossil Fuel Divestment
... The Climate science: 25 years to limit temperature increases to 2°C warming Human-induced climate change is the greatest threat facing human civilisation. The actions we take in the next two decades will define the conditions in which we and future generations live. The Intergovernmental Panel on Cl ...
... The Climate science: 25 years to limit temperature increases to 2°C warming Human-induced climate change is the greatest threat facing human civilisation. The actions we take in the next two decades will define the conditions in which we and future generations live. The Intergovernmental Panel on Cl ...
PowerPoint presentation (PPT file)
... Adaptation refers to adjustments in ecological, social, or economic systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli and their effects or impacts. It refers to changes in processes, practices, and structures to moderate potential damages or to benefit from opportunities associated with cli ...
... Adaptation refers to adjustments in ecological, social, or economic systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli and their effects or impacts. It refers to changes in processes, practices, and structures to moderate potential damages or to benefit from opportunities associated with cli ...
Changes in the precipitation at Keszthely according to the
... precipitation is mildly increasing. However these results are not significant, also at Keszthely seems to be proved that, whereas the seasonal dispersion of the rainfall’s yearly amount is changing as one of the global warming’s effect. According to the standard deviation (SD) we can state that the ...
... precipitation is mildly increasing. However these results are not significant, also at Keszthely seems to be proved that, whereas the seasonal dispersion of the rainfall’s yearly amount is changing as one of the global warming’s effect. According to the standard deviation (SD) we can state that the ...
Social Costs of Greenhouse Gases
... and PAGE4—have been extensively peer reviewed in the economic literature.5 Each model translates emissions into changes in atmospheric carbon concentrations, atmospheric concentrations into temperature changes, and temperature changes into economic damages.6 The IWG gives each model equal weight in ...
... and PAGE4—have been extensively peer reviewed in the economic literature.5 Each model translates emissions into changes in atmospheric carbon concentrations, atmospheric concentrations into temperature changes, and temperature changes into economic damages.6 The IWG gives each model equal weight in ...
CWC Advisory Board May 3 1,2 - Office of Academic Affairs
... have on regional water supplies. This is a basis for the ultimate goal of producing a regional hydrological model that can be used to predict how the current abrupt climate change will affect water resources upon which the growing population at the base of Kilimanjaro is so dependent. We are emphas ...
... have on regional water supplies. This is a basis for the ultimate goal of producing a regional hydrological model that can be used to predict how the current abrupt climate change will affect water resources upon which the growing population at the base of Kilimanjaro is so dependent. We are emphas ...
Biospheric Changes Are Threat Multipliers
... Arctic ice melting is clearly not good for polar bears, but this biospheric change “could cost global agriculture, real estate and insurance anywhere from $2.4 trillion to $24 trillion by 2050 in damage from rising sea levels, floods and heat waves . . .”3 “Everybody around the world is going to ...
... Arctic ice melting is clearly not good for polar bears, but this biospheric change “could cost global agriculture, real estate and insurance anywhere from $2.4 trillion to $24 trillion by 2050 in damage from rising sea levels, floods and heat waves . . .”3 “Everybody around the world is going to ...
Global mechanisms for sustaining and enhancing PES schemes ⁎ Josh Farley
... with recipients chosen by centralized organizations, and the information required to decide between competing proposals is immense. Grant writing skills may play as much of a role in determining what projects are funded as the quality of the project itself, and transaction costs can be very high. An ...
... with recipients chosen by centralized organizations, and the information required to decide between competing proposals is immense. Grant writing skills may play as much of a role in determining what projects are funded as the quality of the project itself, and transaction costs can be very high. An ...
Global Warming, The Hidden Dangers of Cell Phone Radiation, Acid
... The environment is made up of the earth, water, atmosphere and biosphere. We live within this natural environment and are an integral part of it. The twenty first century is a century of the scientific and technological progress. The achievements of the mankind in mechanization and automation of ind ...
... The environment is made up of the earth, water, atmosphere and biosphere. We live within this natural environment and are an integral part of it. The twenty first century is a century of the scientific and technological progress. The achievements of the mankind in mechanization and automation of ind ...
Multimodel assessment of water scarcity under climate change
... them with the spatial distribution of population, using population projections from the newly developed Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) (22). In the following, we will focus on the middle-of-the-road population scenario according to SSP2, which projects global population to increase up to a pea ...
... them with the spatial distribution of population, using population projections from the newly developed Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) (22). In the following, we will focus on the middle-of-the-road population scenario according to SSP2, which projects global population to increase up to a pea ...
Unit Roots in the Climate: Is the Recent Warming Due to Persistent
... phenomena such as ice cores. Such data is often available for a longer time span, however, climate sensitive data is often location specific and possibly subject to more error. Data sets on rainfall, sea level, and ocean temperatures are less complete than the global temperature data. Global mean te ...
... phenomena such as ice cores. Such data is often available for a longer time span, however, climate sensitive data is often location specific and possibly subject to more error. Data sets on rainfall, sea level, and ocean temperatures are less complete than the global temperature data. Global mean te ...
View/Open
... climate change on Indian agriculture in terms of crop yields and crop yields in the light of increased CO2 is discussed. The effect of climate change in India show differential impact in crop response in different states. The warming is more pronounced over land areas compared to sea, with the maxim ...
... climate change on Indian agriculture in terms of crop yields and crop yields in the light of increased CO2 is discussed. The effect of climate change in India show differential impact in crop response in different states. The warming is more pronounced over land areas compared to sea, with the maxim ...
VOLUNTARY CLIMATE CHANGE CHALLENGE PROGRAM
... carbon dioxide from fleet vehicles and space heating. Further details of the direct sources of greenhouse gases from Company facilities are provided in section 1.1. The total estimated net indirect greenhouse gas emissions for power consumed by the Company in 1997 was 63,382 tonnes (expressed as car ...
... carbon dioxide from fleet vehicles and space heating. Further details of the direct sources of greenhouse gases from Company facilities are provided in section 1.1. The total estimated net indirect greenhouse gas emissions for power consumed by the Company in 1997 was 63,382 tonnes (expressed as car ...
1. a) Climate Variability-Bd-Frog Extinctions b) Hydric restriction, Te
... virulence, we can identify present and future geographic locations that might have amphibians at risk of Bd-related declines • Hence, we can better target areas that warrant monitoring and remediation ...
... virulence, we can identify present and future geographic locations that might have amphibians at risk of Bd-related declines • Hence, we can better target areas that warrant monitoring and remediation ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.