Oceans Day Bulletin
... highlighted the direct link between climate change, ocean health and human wellbeing. Discussions at the event focused on the role of oceans in climate change and the fact that close to 50% of the world’s population living in coastal areas will suffer disproportionately from ocean warming, sea level ...
... highlighted the direct link between climate change, ocean health and human wellbeing. Discussions at the event focused on the role of oceans in climate change and the fact that close to 50% of the world’s population living in coastal areas will suffer disproportionately from ocean warming, sea level ...
small family farmers : at the heart of climate justice
... manure, or slurry) emit nitrous oxide directly when they are spread on the land (part of the nitrogen is released into the atmosphere), and indirectly, through the processes of nitrification and denitrification in the soil whereby they are volatilized or leached into waterways. The table below shows ...
... manure, or slurry) emit nitrous oxide directly when they are spread on the land (part of the nitrogen is released into the atmosphere), and indirectly, through the processes of nitrification and denitrification in the soil whereby they are volatilized or leached into waterways. The table below shows ...
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... climate change on the Chinese national economy. Shuze et al (1996) and Magadaza (1996) assessed the impact of climate change on Southern Africa. Downing (1992) studied the impact of climate change for Kenya, Senegal, Zimbabwe, and Chile; Muchena (1994) did the same for Zimbabwe. Ahmed et. al (2009a) ...
... climate change on the Chinese national economy. Shuze et al (1996) and Magadaza (1996) assessed the impact of climate change on Southern Africa. Downing (1992) studied the impact of climate change for Kenya, Senegal, Zimbabwe, and Chile; Muchena (1994) did the same for Zimbabwe. Ahmed et. al (2009a) ...
English - Inter-American Development Bank
... changes, we might refer to them as having a rainy climate, meaning it rains frequently all year long. The weather in countries above and below the intertropical region are affected by seasons. For example, these climates may be rainy in the winter and dry in the summer. Weather refers to short-term ...
... changes, we might refer to them as having a rainy climate, meaning it rains frequently all year long. The weather in countries above and below the intertropical region are affected by seasons. For example, these climates may be rainy in the winter and dry in the summer. Weather refers to short-term ...
a comparative study of biodiversity conservation coping with climate
... The sustained supply of certain ecosystem services such as stream flow regulation in drought prone areas will be critical in buffering human populations from the adverse impacts of climate change, which include coastal flooding, droughts and other hazards. Healthy and diverse natural ecosystems are ...
... The sustained supply of certain ecosystem services such as stream flow regulation in drought prone areas will be critical in buffering human populations from the adverse impacts of climate change, which include coastal flooding, droughts and other hazards. Healthy and diverse natural ecosystems are ...
climate change adaptation in nigeria
... release of the IPCC’s Third Assessment Report, COP 9 in 2003 requested the UNFCCC Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) to initiate work on the scientific, technical and socioeconomic aspects of, and vulnerability and adaptation to, climate change. Parties reached a milest ...
... release of the IPCC’s Third Assessment Report, COP 9 in 2003 requested the UNFCCC Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA) to initiate work on the scientific, technical and socioeconomic aspects of, and vulnerability and adaptation to, climate change. Parties reached a milest ...
Climate Change
... consortium that claim to produce global and open standards. Publicly available database of products and services meeting ITU standards Organizing interoperability events to prove interoperability of different vendors equipment ...
... consortium that claim to produce global and open standards. Publicly available database of products and services meeting ITU standards Organizing interoperability events to prove interoperability of different vendors equipment ...
Thermal Physiology, Disease, and Amphibian Declines on the
... 2008). About half of the observed declines, which include dramatic decreases in population abundance or the disappearance of 207 species, are enigmatic: they occur in remote habitats with little apparent human influence (Stuart et al. 2004). Neotropical montane amphibians are among the worst affecte ...
... 2008). About half of the observed declines, which include dramatic decreases in population abundance or the disappearance of 207 species, are enigmatic: they occur in remote habitats with little apparent human influence (Stuart et al. 2004). Neotropical montane amphibians are among the worst affecte ...
Climate Change and International Relations Theory: Northeast Asia as a Case Study
... theory. A general assumption holds that the anarchic international system of competing sovereign states who are unitary, rational actors. This view, however, disregards the fact that the anarchic system of sovereign states is itself housed within the wider structure of the Earth’s biosphere. How the ...
... theory. A general assumption holds that the anarchic international system of competing sovereign states who are unitary, rational actors. This view, however, disregards the fact that the anarchic system of sovereign states is itself housed within the wider structure of the Earth’s biosphere. How the ...
A ricardian analysis of the distribution of climate change impacts on
... FAO has identified 16 Agro-Ecological Zones in Africa. Table 1 shows the classification of AEZs and several descriptive statistics by AEZs. The AEZs are classified into dry savannah, humid forest, moist savannah, semi-arid, and sub-humid by the length of the growing season. Within each AEZ, they are ...
... FAO has identified 16 Agro-Ecological Zones in Africa. Table 1 shows the classification of AEZs and several descriptive statistics by AEZs. The AEZs are classified into dry savannah, humid forest, moist savannah, semi-arid, and sub-humid by the length of the growing season. Within each AEZ, they are ...
Images are courtesy of the National Snow and Ice Data Center
... AP (and decreasing of sea-ice volume in the sea-ice edge region) intensifies. This result suggests that recent observed sea-ice trend around the AP could be associated to anthropogenic forcings. ...
... AP (and decreasing of sea-ice volume in the sea-ice edge region) intensifies. This result suggests that recent observed sea-ice trend around the AP could be associated to anthropogenic forcings. ...
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... may not resemble the change in climate that will happen over time. For example, the temperature range across space could be small relative to the change in temperature over the next century. This explains why one may not be able to estimate a Ricardian model in small countries. If the range of clima ...
... may not resemble the change in climate that will happen over time. For example, the temperature range across space could be small relative to the change in temperature over the next century. This explains why one may not be able to estimate a Ricardian model in small countries. If the range of clima ...
intense precipitation and high river flows in europe
... and accumulation of wealth in vulnerable areas. However, these factors alone cannot explain the whole observed growth, and a portion of it is linked to climate. In an average year, floods cause material damage of the order of tens of billions of dollars globally, in both developed and less developed ...
... and accumulation of wealth in vulnerable areas. However, these factors alone cannot explain the whole observed growth, and a portion of it is linked to climate. In an average year, floods cause material damage of the order of tens of billions of dollars globally, in both developed and less developed ...
The ABCs of Governing the Himalayas inResponse to Glacial Melt
... and could further exacerbate global climate change. 21 Kang et al. point to “[h]ydrological changes resulting from glacial retreat, such as increased discharge, rises in lake level, more frequent glacial lake outbursts leading to flooding, enhanced glacial debris flows, and changes in water resource ...
... and could further exacerbate global climate change. 21 Kang et al. point to “[h]ydrological changes resulting from glacial retreat, such as increased discharge, rises in lake level, more frequent glacial lake outbursts leading to flooding, enhanced glacial debris flows, and changes in water resource ...
Not a Problem, Someone Else`s Problem, My Problem or Our
... value energy independence may be willing to support climate change action because it reduces reliance on imported fossil fuels, but may subsequently withdraw their support if new affordable domestic fossil fuel resources are developed. Individuals are strongly affected by social norms and networks, ...
... value energy independence may be willing to support climate change action because it reduces reliance on imported fossil fuels, but may subsequently withdraw their support if new affordable domestic fossil fuel resources are developed. Individuals are strongly affected by social norms and networks, ...
Central Coast Climate change snapshot
... Region climate change Based on long-term (1910–2011) observations, temperatures in the Central Coast Region have been increasing since about 1960, with higher temperatures experienced in recent decades. The region is projected to continue to warm during the near future (2020–2039) and far future (20 ...
... Region climate change Based on long-term (1910–2011) observations, temperatures in the Central Coast Region have been increasing since about 1960, with higher temperatures experienced in recent decades. The region is projected to continue to warm during the near future (2020–2039) and far future (20 ...
Incentives for Sustainability in the European Union:
... As I reflect on my journey as a doctoral student, I realize that I could never thank all of the people who have helped me along the way. Trying to fit all my appreciation onto a page may be the most difficult part of this dissertation. I would like to begin by thanking my professors, colleagues, and ...
... As I reflect on my journey as a doctoral student, I realize that I could never thank all of the people who have helped me along the way. Trying to fit all my appreciation onto a page may be the most difficult part of this dissertation. I would like to begin by thanking my professors, colleagues, and ...
Combinations of Natural and Anthropogenic Forcings in Twentieth
... T. M. L. WIGLEY, AND CLAUDIA TEBALDI National Center for Atmospheric Research,* Boulder, Colorado (Manuscript received 18 July 2003, in final form 16 March 2004) ABSTRACT Ensemble simulations are run with a global coupled climate model employing five forcing agents that influence the time evolution ...
... T. M. L. WIGLEY, AND CLAUDIA TEBALDI National Center for Atmospheric Research,* Boulder, Colorado (Manuscript received 18 July 2003, in final form 16 March 2004) ABSTRACT Ensemble simulations are run with a global coupled climate model employing five forcing agents that influence the time evolution ...
EPA`s Proposed New Source Performance Standard
... As a general principle, when the sun’s energy is absorbed by the Earth’s system, Earth becomes warmer.6 Earth avoids warming when the sun’s energy is reflected back into space.7 Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide absorb the sun’s energy thus slowing or preventing the release of heat into space. ...
... As a general principle, when the sun’s energy is absorbed by the Earth’s system, Earth becomes warmer.6 Earth avoids warming when the sun’s energy is reflected back into space.7 Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide absorb the sun’s energy thus slowing or preventing the release of heat into space. ...
Where We Are Now - Edinburgh Research Explorer
... Secondly, I am not suggesting that further work is unnecessary on those questions that are already debated at length in the collection. These include the distribution of the burdens of mitigating or adapting to climate change. In particular, more discussion is needed on whether individuals can be re ...
... Secondly, I am not suggesting that further work is unnecessary on those questions that are already debated at length in the collection. These include the distribution of the burdens of mitigating or adapting to climate change. In particular, more discussion is needed on whether individuals can be re ...
FINAL: How to identify adaptation ... smallholder farmers in coffee and tea sector
... composition of the global atmosphere, and that is in addition to natural climate variability over a comparable period of time. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) defines it as any change in climate over time whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity. The a ...
... composition of the global atmosphere, and that is in addition to natural climate variability over a comparable period of time. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) defines it as any change in climate over time whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity. The a ...
Arctic Biodiversity - Harvard Life Sciences Outreach Program
... Harvard University Life Sciences - HHMI Outreach Summer 2010 Workshop for Biology Teachers ...
... Harvard University Life Sciences - HHMI Outreach Summer 2010 Workshop for Biology Teachers ...
Projected pH reductions by 2100 might put deep
... Global ocean anthropogenic carbon inventories suggest that the ocean took up a cumulative ∼ 155 ± 31 Pg C (1015 g of carbon) in 2010 (Khatiwala et al., 2013). This uptake of CO2 is causing profound changes in seawater chemistry resulting from increased hydrogen ion concentration (decrease in pH, pH ...
... Global ocean anthropogenic carbon inventories suggest that the ocean took up a cumulative ∼ 155 ± 31 Pg C (1015 g of carbon) in 2010 (Khatiwala et al., 2013). This uptake of CO2 is causing profound changes in seawater chemistry resulting from increased hydrogen ion concentration (decrease in pH, pH ...
Framing Climate: Implications for Local Government Policy
... and vertical units of government, and the different values and frames being applied to climate change exacerbate the difficulty of dealing with the issue. On this basis, it is useful to diverge for a moment to consider what sort of policy problem is climate change. Climate change is undoubtedly amon ...
... and vertical units of government, and the different values and frames being applied to climate change exacerbate the difficulty of dealing with the issue. On this basis, it is useful to diverge for a moment to consider what sort of policy problem is climate change. Climate change is undoubtedly amon ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.