How limiting factors drive agricultural adaptation to climate change.
... More frequent heat waves Indicate your level of agreement with the following statements The global climate is changing Average global temperatures are increasing Human activities such as fossil fuel combustion are an important cause of climate change Climate change poses risks to agriculture globall ...
... More frequent heat waves Indicate your level of agreement with the following statements The global climate is changing Average global temperatures are increasing Human activities such as fossil fuel combustion are an important cause of climate change Climate change poses risks to agriculture globall ...
Impact of climate change on ozone-related mortality and morbidity in Europe
... organic compounds (VOCs), methane (CH4) and carbon monoxide (CO). Climate change can affect ozone concentrations and thus influence respiratory health [1] through a number of processes, including chemical production, and dilution and deposition of ozone, that are regulated by temperature, cloud cove ...
... organic compounds (VOCs), methane (CH4) and carbon monoxide (CO). Climate change can affect ozone concentrations and thus influence respiratory health [1] through a number of processes, including chemical production, and dilution and deposition of ozone, that are regulated by temperature, cloud cove ...
2. Vulnerability and Adaptation Frameworks
... UK Department for International Development (DFID; Yamin et al., in press). The focus is very much on the current situation, i.e., near-term planning rather than long-term planning. The challenge in using approaches such as this to examine climate change is how to reconcile a focus on the short term ...
... UK Department for International Development (DFID; Yamin et al., in press). The focus is very much on the current situation, i.e., near-term planning rather than long-term planning. The challenge in using approaches such as this to examine climate change is how to reconcile a focus on the short term ...
Greenhouse gas emissions and the role of the Kyoto Protocol
... possibility of cost effective measures to prevent global warming. They show that the cost of a multi-gas control strategy could be much cheaper than a CO2 -only strategy in fulfilling the Kyoto Protocol. Rao and Riahi (2006) and van Vuuren et al. (2006) also argue that the cost of GHG reduction would ...
... possibility of cost effective measures to prevent global warming. They show that the cost of a multi-gas control strategy could be much cheaper than a CO2 -only strategy in fulfilling the Kyoto Protocol. Rao and Riahi (2006) and van Vuuren et al. (2006) also argue that the cost of GHG reduction would ...
Have disaster losses increased due to anthropogenic climate change?
... so soon after acceptance, it has not yet been copyedited, formatted, or processed by AMS Publications. This preliminary version of the manuscript may be downloaded, distributed, and cited, but please be aware that there will be visual differences and possibly some content differences between this ve ...
... so soon after acceptance, it has not yet been copyedited, formatted, or processed by AMS Publications. This preliminary version of the manuscript may be downloaded, distributed, and cited, but please be aware that there will be visual differences and possibly some content differences between this ve ...
Understanding complexity in savannas: climate, biodiversity and
... [35,36]. To understand the changing nature of the impact of fire there is a need for better information on the temporal and spatial character of fire activity and land cover impacts at the landscape level [37]. For example, there has been growing interest in the effects of changing atmospheric CO2 a ...
... [35,36]. To understand the changing nature of the impact of fire there is a need for better information on the temporal and spatial character of fire activity and land cover impacts at the landscape level [37]. For example, there has been growing interest in the effects of changing atmospheric CO2 a ...
Mechanisms of elevation-dependent warming over the Tibetan
... warning signal of global change. During recent decades, the TP has experienced more rapid warming than its vicinity (Kang et al. 2010; Liu and Chen 2000; Rangwala and Miller 2012), especially since the start of the 21st century (Yan and Liu 2014) and in future (Ji and Kang 2012). Moreover, climatic ...
... warning signal of global change. During recent decades, the TP has experienced more rapid warming than its vicinity (Kang et al. 2010; Liu and Chen 2000; Rangwala and Miller 2012), especially since the start of the 21st century (Yan and Liu 2014) and in future (Ji and Kang 2012). Moreover, climatic ...
On the Chopping Block - Allegheny Highlands Climate Change
... more and cold periods that have historically lasted for a week or more will more likely last only a day or two. The number of “heat-wave” days where the temperature exceeds 95 degrees is expected to triple. Warming temperatures intensify the water cycle. Between 1895 and 2011 average annual precipit ...
... more and cold periods that have historically lasted for a week or more will more likely last only a day or two. The number of “heat-wave” days where the temperature exceeds 95 degrees is expected to triple. Warming temperatures intensify the water cycle. Between 1895 and 2011 average annual precipit ...
Climate Change and Geohazards in South West England
... centuries (Vaquero, 2007), since the invention of the telescope, have there been sufficient data to serve as a reliable proxy. A major feature of the record since this time is the ‘Maunder minimum’, a period of low solar activity (and hence comparatively few sunspots), between 1672 and 1699 (Le Treu ...
... centuries (Vaquero, 2007), since the invention of the telescope, have there been sufficient data to serve as a reliable proxy. A major feature of the record since this time is the ‘Maunder minimum’, a period of low solar activity (and hence comparatively few sunspots), between 1672 and 1699 (Le Treu ...
CONVENTION ON - the Economics Web Institute
... Recognizes the urgent need of developing countries, in particular the least developed and small island developing States, as well as countries with economies in transition, for the provision of financial support, including new and additional financial resources in accordance with Article 20 of the C ...
... Recognizes the urgent need of developing countries, in particular the least developed and small island developing States, as well as countries with economies in transition, for the provision of financial support, including new and additional financial resources in accordance with Article 20 of the C ...
Post-2012 Issues under the UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol
... • Parties will consider extension and adaptation of the New Delhi work programme on Article 6 of the Convention, to address gaps and needed identified by Parties. • Parties will consider written views of Parties that have been made on possible elements of a work programme to succeed the New Delhi WP ...
... • Parties will consider extension and adaptation of the New Delhi work programme on Article 6 of the Convention, to address gaps and needed identified by Parties. • Parties will consider written views of Parties that have been made on possible elements of a work programme to succeed the New Delhi WP ...
FFEIpolicyworkshop-InfoPackage
... have proved valuable for maintaining other species. It had been assumed that species would shift their ranges north and upwards in elevation following their preferred climatic conditions. This did occur for some species of plants, birds and coyotes. However, most species lacked the ability to disper ...
... have proved valuable for maintaining other species. It had been assumed that species would shift their ranges north and upwards in elevation following their preferred climatic conditions. This did occur for some species of plants, birds and coyotes. However, most species lacked the ability to disper ...
Stream 1.2 Oceans and marine ice in the Southern Hemisphere
... To understand the extent of large-scale physical, biological and biogeochemical change occurring in the Southern Ocean and marine ice environment (including ice shelves, sea ice and icebergs), and to attribute the cause(s) to anthropogenic emissions or natural variations for inclusion in IPCC models ...
... To understand the extent of large-scale physical, biological and biogeochemical change occurring in the Southern Ocean and marine ice environment (including ice shelves, sea ice and icebergs), and to attribute the cause(s) to anthropogenic emissions or natural variations for inclusion in IPCC models ...
pub02_GulfEcosystem_met_climate
... methane which would accelerate the greenhouse heating rate. In other cases, “negative feedback” acts to suppress the original process such as when increased evaporation from warming creates more low level clouds which reflect sunlight and thus cool the atmosphere. Further, the processes and their fe ...
... methane which would accelerate the greenhouse heating rate. In other cases, “negative feedback” acts to suppress the original process such as when increased evaporation from warming creates more low level clouds which reflect sunlight and thus cool the atmosphere. Further, the processes and their fe ...
Biogeophysical effects of historical land cover changes simulated by
... of land cover changes occurred prior to 1700, the differences in tree area changes between the KNMI (for which changes are from 1700 to 1992) and the other models (changes are from 1000 to 1992) may be explained by the differences in initial states (Fig. 1b). Atmospheric CO2 concentration in simulati ...
... of land cover changes occurred prior to 1700, the differences in tree area changes between the KNMI (for which changes are from 1700 to 1992) and the other models (changes are from 1000 to 1992) may be explained by the differences in initial states (Fig. 1b). Atmospheric CO2 concentration in simulati ...
Untangling the confusion around land carbon science and
... the effects these have on plant growth12. The capacity of the land to remove atmospheric carbon and store it in vegetation and soil is limited to the amount previously depleted by land use. It has been estimated that if all the carbon so far released by land-use changes (mainly deforestation) could ...
... the effects these have on plant growth12. The capacity of the land to remove atmospheric carbon and store it in vegetation and soil is limited to the amount previously depleted by land use. It has been estimated that if all the carbon so far released by land-use changes (mainly deforestation) could ...
Teacher manual - Government of Grenada
... Development for initiating and supporting the development of this toolkit which our future leaders can use now. We commend the material authored by the Integrated Climate Change Adaptation Strategies Programme in Grenada (ICCAS), in particular the Environment Division and the Deutsche Gesellschaft f ...
... Development for initiating and supporting the development of this toolkit which our future leaders can use now. We commend the material authored by the Integrated Climate Change Adaptation Strategies Programme in Grenada (ICCAS), in particular the Environment Division and the Deutsche Gesellschaft f ...
Future climate in world regions - the IPCC Data Distribution Centre
... on the next page), which assume no explicit climate policies. Global mean surface temperature is projected to increase by 1.4 to 5.8 °C between 1990 and 2100, which is a much more rapid rate of warming than during the 20th century and very likely to be unprecedented in at least the last 10,000 years ...
... on the next page), which assume no explicit climate policies. Global mean surface temperature is projected to increase by 1.4 to 5.8 °C between 1990 and 2100, which is a much more rapid rate of warming than during the 20th century and very likely to be unprecedented in at least the last 10,000 years ...
Uruguay`s iNDC
... accounts for 3% of the global average. This will be achieved with 40% of non-conventional renewable energy sources (mainly wind, but also photovoltaic and biomass waste), in addition to 55% hydropower (estimating an average annual rainfall). Although this figure would increase in the following decad ...
... accounts for 3% of the global average. This will be achieved with 40% of non-conventional renewable energy sources (mainly wind, but also photovoltaic and biomass waste), in addition to 55% hydropower (estimating an average annual rainfall). Although this figure would increase in the following decad ...
Mediterranean climate
... Index to provide an indication of the forest fire risk under the future climate scenarios. Under both A2 and B2 scenarios, fire risk is shown to increase nearly everywhere in the Mediterranean region, especially in inland locations. The southern Mediterranean is at risk of forest fire all year round ...
... Index to provide an indication of the forest fire risk under the future climate scenarios. Under both A2 and B2 scenarios, fire risk is shown to increase nearly everywhere in the Mediterranean region, especially in inland locations. The southern Mediterranean is at risk of forest fire all year round ...
Link
... 2008; Galbraith et al. 2005; AUSTROADS 2004). Within these reports, the authors compare weather-related disasters and their perceived severity with predicted climate change impacts. Further studies have advocated determining specific impacts of temperature, rain, snow and ice, wind, fog, and coastal ...
... 2008; Galbraith et al. 2005; AUSTROADS 2004). Within these reports, the authors compare weather-related disasters and their perceived severity with predicted climate change impacts. Further studies have advocated determining specific impacts of temperature, rain, snow and ice, wind, fog, and coastal ...
The Perspectives of Climate Scientists on Global Climate Change
... during the planet’s previous warm periods? The issue has gotten tremendous attention by the mainstream media, perhaps because it makes for exciting headlines and “specials” for television, but also because the stakes are very high. If a major warming is occurring and it is due to human activities, t ...
... during the planet’s previous warm periods? The issue has gotten tremendous attention by the mainstream media, perhaps because it makes for exciting headlines and “specials” for television, but also because the stakes are very high. If a major warming is occurring and it is due to human activities, t ...
PNC_JHYOO - Pacific Neighborhood Consortium
... Meinke, Holger, Rohan Nelson, Phil Kokic, Roger Stone, Ramasamy Selvaraju and Walter Baethgen. 2006. Actionable climate knowledge: from analysis to synthesis. Climate Research 33, no. 1: 101-110. Morgan, M. Granger, Hadi, Dowlatabadi, Max Henrion, David Keith, Robert Lempert, Sandra McBride, Mitchel ...
... Meinke, Holger, Rohan Nelson, Phil Kokic, Roger Stone, Ramasamy Selvaraju and Walter Baethgen. 2006. Actionable climate knowledge: from analysis to synthesis. Climate Research 33, no. 1: 101-110. Morgan, M. Granger, Hadi, Dowlatabadi, Max Henrion, David Keith, Robert Lempert, Sandra McBride, Mitchel ...
Global warming
Global warming and climate change are terms for the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.Multiple lines of scientific evidence show that the climate system is warming. Although the increase of near-surface atmospheric temperature is the measure of global warming often reported in the popular press, most of the additional energy stored in the climate system since 1970 has gone into ocean warming. The remainder has melted ice, and warmed the continents and atmosphere. Many of the observed changes since the 1950s are unprecedented over decades to millennia.Scientific understanding of global warming is increasing. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reported in 2014 that scientists were more than 95% certain that most of global warming is caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and other human (anthropogenic) activities. Climate model projections summarized in the report indicated that during the 21st century the global surface temperature is likely to rise a further 0.3 to 1.7 °C (0.5 to 3.1 °F) for their lowest emissions scenario using stringent mitigation and 2.6 to 4.8 °C (4.7 to 8.6 °F) for their highest. These findings have been recognized by the national science academies of the major industrialized nations.Future climate change and associated impacts will differ from region to region around the globe. Anticipated effects include warming global temperature, rising sea levels, changing precipitation, and expansion of deserts in the subtropics. Warming is expected to be greatest in the Arctic, with the continuing retreat of glaciers, permafrost and sea ice. Other likely changes include more frequent extreme weather events including heat waves, droughts, heavy rainfall, and heavy snowfall; ocean acidification; and species extinctions due to shifting temperature regimes. Effects significant to humans include the threat to food security from decreasing crop yields and the abandonment of populated areas due to flooding.Possible societal responses to global warming include mitigation by emissions reduction, adaptation to its effects, building systems resilient to its effects, and possible future climate engineering. Most countries are parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC),whose ultimate objective is to prevent dangerous anthropogenic climate change. The UNFCCC have adopted a range of policies designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to assist in adaptation to global warming. Parties to the UNFCCC have agreed that deep cuts in emissions are required, and that future global warming should be limited to below 2.0 °C (3.6 °F) relative to the pre-industrial level.