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EOCT REVIEW STUDY GUIDE
EOCT REVIEW STUDY GUIDE

... The study of HEREDITY is called GENETICS. Genes are located on the CHROMOSOME; they are the units of heredity. Gregor Mendel is the father of genetics and he studied the inherited traits in pea plants. From his study, we can predict the percent of characteristic traits that will be passed off to off ...
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What You Absolutely Need to Know To Pass the

... 1. Specialization or Differentiation: Process in which a cell changes to have a special shape and function. 2. Cells specialize by turning specific genes on or off. • Ex: A white blood cell has turned off all genes needed to make skin, bone, or ...
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... 21.Which statement best explains the observation that clones produced from the same organism may not be identical? (1) Events in meiosis result in variation. (2) Gene expression can be influenced by the environment. (3) Differentiated cells have different genes. (4) Half the genetic information in o ...
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BiologyHonors-CourseExpectation

... expression of genes. Distinguish among the end products of replication, transcription, and translation. 3.3 Explain how mutations in the DNA sequence of a gene may or may not result in phenotypic change in an organism. Explain how mutations in gametes may result in phenotypic changes in offspring. 3 ...
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Genetics

Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and genetic variation in living organisms. It is generally considered a field of biology, but it intersects frequently with many of the life sciences and is strongly linked with the study of information systems.The father of genetics is Gregor Mendel, a late 19th-century scientist and Augustinian friar. Mendel studied 'trait inheritance', patterns in the way traits were handed down from parents to offspring. He observed that organisms (pea plants) inherit traits by way of discrete ""units of inheritance"". This term, still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene.Trait inheritance and molecular inheritance mechanisms of genes are still a primary principle of genetics in the 21st century, but modern genetics has expanded beyond inheritance to studying the function and behavior of genes. Gene structure and function, variation, and distribution are studied within the context of the cell, the organism (e.g. dominance) and within the context of a population. Genetics has given rise to a number of sub-fields including epigenetics and population genetics. Organisms studied within the broad field span the domain of life, including bacteria, plants, animals, and humans.Genetic processes work in combination with an organism's environment and experiences to influence development and behavior, often referred to as nature versus nurture. The intra- or extra-cellular environment of a cell or organism may switch gene transcription on or off. A classic example is two seeds of genetically identical corn, one placed in a temperate climate and one in an arid climate. While the average height of the two corn stalks may be genetically determined to be equal, the one in the arid climate only grows to half the height of the one in the temperate climate, due to lack of water and nutrients in its environment.
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