Emulating coupled atmosphere-ocean and carbon cycle models
... Abstract. Current scientific knowledge on the future response of the climate system to human-induced perturbations is comprehensively captured by various model intercomparison efforts. In the preparation of the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), i ...
... Abstract. Current scientific knowledge on the future response of the climate system to human-induced perturbations is comprehensively captured by various model intercomparison efforts. In the preparation of the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), i ...
a discussion based on contributions from climate modeling
... thought of as unwanted noise (Lane, 1923); presently, analyses of BTPs can be used to derive robust reconstructions of low frequency SAT changes. Since the first attempts to recover an air temperature signal (Cermak, 1971; Lachenbruch and Marshall, 1986) boreholes have offered a meaningful complemen ...
... thought of as unwanted noise (Lane, 1923); presently, analyses of BTPs can be used to derive robust reconstructions of low frequency SAT changes. Since the first attempts to recover an air temperature signal (Cermak, 1971; Lachenbruch and Marshall, 1986) boreholes have offered a meaningful complemen ...
Climate Change Scenarios + cov.
... weather and climate. These recent regional changes, particularly temperature increases, have already affected many physical and biological systems. The rising socio-economic costs coming from climaterelated damage and regional variations in climate suggest increasing vulnerability to climate change. ...
... weather and climate. These recent regional changes, particularly temperature increases, have already affected many physical and biological systems. The rising socio-economic costs coming from climaterelated damage and regional variations in climate suggest increasing vulnerability to climate change. ...
Climate Impacts in Europe The JRC PESETA II Project
... High resolution biophysical impact assessment models have run high time-space resolution climate data (from DG Research projects) to derive a broad set of climate impacts covering, in particular, agriculture, energy, river floods, droughts, forest fires, transport infrastructure, coasts, tourism, ha ...
... High resolution biophysical impact assessment models have run high time-space resolution climate data (from DG Research projects) to derive a broad set of climate impacts covering, in particular, agriculture, energy, river floods, droughts, forest fires, transport infrastructure, coasts, tourism, ha ...
desertification in africa - university of nairobi staff profiles
... vulnerable drylands has led to loss of biodiversity, and accelerated land degradation, that has made the society even more vulnerable to future droughts. The demand for charcoal to meet the rapidly increasing domestic and urban energy needs is leading to serious deforestation. According to the UN re ...
... vulnerable drylands has led to loss of biodiversity, and accelerated land degradation, that has made the society even more vulnerable to future droughts. The demand for charcoal to meet the rapidly increasing domestic and urban energy needs is leading to serious deforestation. According to the UN re ...
Vector-Borne Diseases: Impact of Climate
... vectors which already exist in Germany and its neighbouring countries. Since then, studies form neighbouring countries have also been published which contributed to our current state of knowledge. In contrast to the great vector-control campaigns on other continents to fight major human infections l ...
... vectors which already exist in Germany and its neighbouring countries. Since then, studies form neighbouring countries have also been published which contributed to our current state of knowledge. In contrast to the great vector-control campaigns on other continents to fight major human infections l ...
The Socio-Economic Impact of Sea Level Rise in the Galveston Bay
... concentrations and radiative forcing at present levels will take time to stabilize sea level. Anthropogenic warming and sea level rise could continue for centuries even if GHG emissions were reduced to a level that GHG concentrations would stabilize the time scales associated with climate processes ...
... concentrations and radiative forcing at present levels will take time to stabilize sea level. Anthropogenic warming and sea level rise could continue for centuries even if GHG emissions were reduced to a level that GHG concentrations would stabilize the time scales associated with climate processes ...
Emergence of a midseason period of low floral resources in a
... three distinct meadow types (dry, mesic and wet) within the larger ecosystem. However, high mid-summer temperatures were associated with divergent shifts in the flowering curves of these individual meadow types. Specifically, warmer summers appeared to cause increasing bimodality in mesic habitats, an ...
... three distinct meadow types (dry, mesic and wet) within the larger ecosystem. However, high mid-summer temperatures were associated with divergent shifts in the flowering curves of these individual meadow types. Specifically, warmer summers appeared to cause increasing bimodality in mesic habitats, an ...
Future risk of record-breaking summer temperatures and its
... estimated from the control simulation (Fig. 1b–d). Globally and in South-East Asia, the year 1998, which was marked by a strong El Niño event, stands out as having the highest land fraction (>20 %) over which records were broken. To put this event into perspective, no year from the entire control si ...
... estimated from the control simulation (Fig. 1b–d). Globally and in South-East Asia, the year 1998, which was marked by a strong El Niño event, stands out as having the highest land fraction (>20 %) over which records were broken. To put this event into perspective, no year from the entire control si ...
Recent developments on the South American monsoon system
... and its variability; (6) the mesoscale convective systems and their associations with low-level jet and heavy precipitation; (7) the role of land use changes and aerosol concentration on the onset and variability of the monsoon; and (8) projections of long-term changes in the monsoon characteristics ...
... and its variability; (6) the mesoscale convective systems and their associations with low-level jet and heavy precipitation; (7) the role of land use changes and aerosol concentration on the onset and variability of the monsoon; and (8) projections of long-term changes in the monsoon characteristics ...
Climate variability and change: adaptation to drought in Bangladesh
... Atmosphere is the blanket of air that surrounds the earth, moving both horizontally and vertically and thus causing variations in weather and climate. It absorbs energy from the sun, recycles water and other chemicals, and works with electrical and magnetic forces to provide a moderate climate. The ...
... Atmosphere is the blanket of air that surrounds the earth, moving both horizontally and vertically and thus causing variations in weather and climate. It absorbs energy from the sun, recycles water and other chemicals, and works with electrical and magnetic forces to provide a moderate climate. The ...
Climate Change and Coastal Human Settlements
... This study assesses the potential economic impact of climate change on coastal human settlements in the Caribbean, with specific reference to Guyana, and evaluates the costs and benefits of undertaking various adaptation strategies. The aim is to assist Caribbean territories in developing the strate ...
... This study assesses the potential economic impact of climate change on coastal human settlements in the Caribbean, with specific reference to Guyana, and evaluates the costs and benefits of undertaking various adaptation strategies. The aim is to assist Caribbean territories in developing the strate ...
Acceleration technique for Milankovitch type forcing in a coupled
... survey is concerned with the middle to late Holocene, which can be considered as a relatively stable period, wherein rapid climate events were absent (Grootes et al. 1993, Clark et al. 2002). The temperature evolution of the Holocene is also important in light of recent climate change. The new third ...
... survey is concerned with the middle to late Holocene, which can be considered as a relatively stable period, wherein rapid climate events were absent (Grootes et al. 1993, Clark et al. 2002). The temperature evolution of the Holocene is also important in light of recent climate change. The new third ...
REPORT CARD Sea-Level Rise 2012
... Lambeck et al 2004, Stanford et al 2010). This is the period when human populations started to grow and societies developed. Increases in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere during and since the 19th century, caused primarily by human-induced emissions, have contributed substantially to warming of th ...
... Lambeck et al 2004, Stanford et al 2010). This is the period when human populations started to grow and societies developed. Increases in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere during and since the 19th century, caused primarily by human-induced emissions, have contributed substantially to warming of th ...
A Discussion of the Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the
... have increased (to 2.5-3.0 mm/yr) over the last 150 years (Donnelly et al. 2004; Donnelly 2006). 2.1 Future Rise in Sea Level Although projections of future sea-level elevations suffer from many uncertainties, a small subset of potential scenarios serves as a useful guide (Figure 2). Two scenarios c ...
... have increased (to 2.5-3.0 mm/yr) over the last 150 years (Donnelly et al. 2004; Donnelly 2006). 2.1 Future Rise in Sea Level Although projections of future sea-level elevations suffer from many uncertainties, a small subset of potential scenarios serves as a useful guide (Figure 2). Two scenarios c ...
climate change in the american mind
... the past 4 years) states: “the global warming of the past 50 years is primarily due to human activities, predominantly the burning of fossil fuels. Many independent lines of evidence confirm that human activities are affecting climate in unprecedented ways” (p. 15).1 Moreover, in a recent study inve ...
... the past 4 years) states: “the global warming of the past 50 years is primarily due to human activities, predominantly the burning of fossil fuels. Many independent lines of evidence confirm that human activities are affecting climate in unprecedented ways” (p. 15).1 Moreover, in a recent study inve ...
CLIMATE CHANGE: Regional Climate Model Predictions for Ireland (2001-CD-C4-M2) Environmental RTDI Programme 2000–2006
... Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). ...
... Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). ...
“Duck Factory” of North America - American Meteorological Society
... and how PPR hydroclimate will change into the future. Year-to-year variations in May duck populations, pond numbers, and the Palmer drought severity index are well correlated over past decades. Pond and duck numbers tend to increase in spring following La Niña events, but the correlation is not stro ...
... and how PPR hydroclimate will change into the future. Year-to-year variations in May duck populations, pond numbers, and the Palmer drought severity index are well correlated over past decades. Pond and duck numbers tend to increase in spring following La Niña events, but the correlation is not stro ...
Climate change and communicable diseases in the EU
... Executive summary Climate change has already had measurable effects on the varied climates of Europe. Further changes, such as overall warmer temperatures, increased rainfall in Northern Europe, increased water scarcity in Southern Europe and even more extreme weather events, such as flooding and ac ...
... Executive summary Climate change has already had measurable effects on the varied climates of Europe. Further changes, such as overall warmer temperatures, increased rainfall in Northern Europe, increased water scarcity in Southern Europe and even more extreme weather events, such as flooding and ac ...
Marine Net Primary Production
... Net Primary Production (NPP) Net primary production (NPP) is the formation of organic material from inorganic compounds minus the respiratory losses of the photosynthetic organisms. Global marine annual NPP provides an estimate of the organic material available to fuel the ocean’s food webs for the ...
... Net Primary Production (NPP) Net primary production (NPP) is the formation of organic material from inorganic compounds minus the respiratory losses of the photosynthetic organisms. Global marine annual NPP provides an estimate of the organic material available to fuel the ocean’s food webs for the ...
The Impact of Climate Change on Hurricane
... model of climate change. The model begins with the A1B SRES global emissions trajectory that stabilizes greenhouse gas concentrations at 720 ppm (IPCC 2000). This emissions path is inputted to four climate models which then predict four global climate scenarios for both the present and the future (2 ...
... model of climate change. The model begins with the A1B SRES global emissions trajectory that stabilizes greenhouse gas concentrations at 720 ppm (IPCC 2000). This emissions path is inputted to four climate models which then predict four global climate scenarios for both the present and the future (2 ...
mop4_27_climate_change_report_0
... current evidence the effects of climate change on migratory waterbirds and review implications of modelled future patterns of climate change on waterbirds. Under a grant provided by UK on the implementation of resolution 3.17 and after a call for tenders the Secretariat commissioned the compilation ...
... current evidence the effects of climate change on migratory waterbirds and review implications of modelled future patterns of climate change on waterbirds. Under a grant provided by UK on the implementation of resolution 3.17 and after a call for tenders the Secretariat commissioned the compilation ...
Peer-reviewed Article PDF
... The important consequences of present climate warming are sea level fluctuation causing the melting of Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets, glaciers and the thermal expansion of regional climatic fluctuations [1]. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report mentioned that, the Predict ...
... The important consequences of present climate warming are sea level fluctuation causing the melting of Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets, glaciers and the thermal expansion of regional climatic fluctuations [1]. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report mentioned that, the Predict ...
Impacts of climate change on disadvantaged UK coastal communities
... heights. Both direct effects (such as accelerated coastal erosion and more powerful and frequent storm surges) and indirect effects (loss of critical physical infrastructure and coastal resources such as aquaculture, as well as declines in associated economic, ecological, cultural and subsistence va ...
... heights. Both direct effects (such as accelerated coastal erosion and more powerful and frequent storm surges) and indirect effects (loss of critical physical infrastructure and coastal resources such as aquaculture, as well as declines in associated economic, ecological, cultural and subsistence va ...
Coastal Zones and Urbanization
... A report (Hallegatte et al., 2013)1 issued by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in August 2013 forecasts a troubling future for life in coastal cities around the world. By 2050 – less than 40 years from now – large coastal cities can expect a nine-fold increase in flood risk ...
... A report (Hallegatte et al., 2013)1 issued by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in August 2013 forecasts a troubling future for life in coastal cities around the world. By 2050 – less than 40 years from now – large coastal cities can expect a nine-fold increase in flood risk ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.