Coastal Zones and Urbanization
... A report (Hallegatte et al., 2013)1 issued by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in August 2013 forecasts a troubling future for life in coastal cities around the world. By 2050 – less than 40 years from now – large coastal cities can expect a nine-fold increase in flood risk ...
... A report (Hallegatte et al., 2013)1 issued by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in August 2013 forecasts a troubling future for life in coastal cities around the world. By 2050 – less than 40 years from now – large coastal cities can expect a nine-fold increase in flood risk ...
Marine climate change in South East Australia
... Waters in south-eastern Australia are responsible for 50% of Australia’s fisheries production, host a high level of endemic species and offer no land mass further south for species that find themselves in unable to cope with increasing water temperature. Several dozen species from a range of taxa ha ...
... Waters in south-eastern Australia are responsible for 50% of Australia’s fisheries production, host a high level of endemic species and offer no land mass further south for species that find themselves in unable to cope with increasing water temperature. Several dozen species from a range of taxa ha ...
climate change - Union of Concerned Scientists
... decades impacts are expected to grow more substantial. They may include longer and more intense summer heat waves, reduced winter snowpack, northward shifts in the ranges of valued plant and animal species, and declining yields of key agricultural crops. Some further climate change is unavoidable ...
... decades impacts are expected to grow more substantial. They may include longer and more intense summer heat waves, reduced winter snowpack, northward shifts in the ranges of valued plant and animal species, and declining yields of key agricultural crops. Some further climate change is unavoidable ...
I G S M
... variations in several variables that are relevant to climate science and policy. The effect of changes in climate and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels on the uptake of carbon and emissions of methane and nitrous oxide by land ecosystems is one potentially important feedback which has been identifie ...
... variations in several variables that are relevant to climate science and policy. The effect of changes in climate and atmospheric carbon dioxide levels on the uptake of carbon and emissions of methane and nitrous oxide by land ecosystems is one potentially important feedback which has been identifie ...
Climate Change Scenarios for the Congo Basin
... 2. Future climate change and potential impacts Adaptation should focus reducing the negative impacts of future climate change. Climate change scenarios and potential impacts are discussed in detail in the previous chapters. From these analyses the most important climate change impacts are a future c ...
... 2. Future climate change and potential impacts Adaptation should focus reducing the negative impacts of future climate change. Climate change scenarios and potential impacts are discussed in detail in the previous chapters. From these analyses the most important climate change impacts are a future c ...
Potential Effects of Climate Change on Crop Pollination
... focused on pollination limitations in wild plants, in recent years there has been an increasing recognition of the importance of animal pollination in food production. Klein et al. (2007) found that fruit, vegetable or seed production from 87 of the world’s leading food crops depend upon animal poll ...
... focused on pollination limitations in wild plants, in recent years there has been an increasing recognition of the importance of animal pollination in food production. Klein et al. (2007) found that fruit, vegetable or seed production from 87 of the world’s leading food crops depend upon animal poll ...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS
... Owing to their high vulnerability and low adaptive capacity, Caribbean islands have legitimate concerns about their future, based on observational records, experience with current patterns and consequences of climate variability, and climate model projections. Although emitting less than 1% of globa ...
... Owing to their high vulnerability and low adaptive capacity, Caribbean islands have legitimate concerns about their future, based on observational records, experience with current patterns and consequences of climate variability, and climate model projections. Although emitting less than 1% of globa ...
Introduction
... Precipitation has, and is generally predicted to increase in the tropics and polar regions, but decrease at mid-latitudes, with the Mediterranean basin and South Africa experiencing considerably lower rainfall in the future. ...
... Precipitation has, and is generally predicted to increase in the tropics and polar regions, but decrease at mid-latitudes, with the Mediterranean basin and South Africa experiencing considerably lower rainfall in the future. ...
North Atlantic Ocean Wave Climate Change Scenarios for the
... The RA analysis was performed in reduced dimension versions of the predictor and predictand datasets so as to focus attention on their large-scale behavior. Bearing in mind the related eigenspectra, we compared the ‘‘predictive’’ skills of RA models with between 4 and 13 leading SLP and SWH principa ...
... The RA analysis was performed in reduced dimension versions of the predictor and predictand datasets so as to focus attention on their large-scale behavior. Bearing in mind the related eigenspectra, we compared the ‘‘predictive’’ skills of RA models with between 4 and 13 leading SLP and SWH principa ...
Yes Impact – Water Wars
... percent per year until the country reaches high-income status, which the World Bank defines as above $12,276 gross national income per capita. (China is currently uppermiddle income with $4,260 GNI per capita.) Maintaining that growth rate will require a huge amount of energy. Chinese energy demand ...
... percent per year until the country reaches high-income status, which the World Bank defines as above $12,276 gross national income per capita. (China is currently uppermiddle income with $4,260 GNI per capita.) Maintaining that growth rate will require a huge amount of energy. Chinese energy demand ...
Document
... The eastern Arabian Sea hosts one of the most intense Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZ) in the world. Changes in monsoon airflow and subsurface circulation drive OMZ variations in the region. Sediments from the region hosting evidence of past OMZ change have rarely been studied. Hence, retrieving high-qual ...
... The eastern Arabian Sea hosts one of the most intense Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZ) in the world. Changes in monsoon airflow and subsurface circulation drive OMZ variations in the region. Sediments from the region hosting evidence of past OMZ change have rarely been studied. Hence, retrieving high-qual ...
The Changing Climate and Adaptation Strategies for the Mississippi
... and recently aquaculture products such as catfish. However, climate is changing and these changes may impact agriculture activities in the Mississippi Delta. Changing temperature and precipitation patterns are a common thread throughout the Southeast region of the United States with the Mississippi ...
... and recently aquaculture products such as catfish. However, climate is changing and these changes may impact agriculture activities in the Mississippi Delta. Changing temperature and precipitation patterns are a common thread throughout the Southeast region of the United States with the Mississippi ...
Surviving and Thriving in the Face of Rising Seas
... low-income families and individuals may lack transportation to get out of harm’s way, may live in places that are more prone to flooding, or may live or in older, less safe housing (Kuhl et al. 2014). Many minimum wage earners on the coast work in service industries that are vulnerable to storms, su ...
... low-income families and individuals may lack transportation to get out of harm’s way, may live in places that are more prone to flooding, or may live or in older, less safe housing (Kuhl et al. 2014). Many minimum wage earners on the coast work in service industries that are vulnerable to storms, su ...
Modelling the effects of climate and land cover change on
... and timber plantations are all at risk of reduced viability from a changed climate in the region. As groundwater is the primary source of domestic drinking water, reduction in recharge to coastal source aquifers is a serious immediate threat that may be exacerbated by a growing future population and ...
... and timber plantations are all at risk of reduced viability from a changed climate in the region. As groundwater is the primary source of domestic drinking water, reduction in recharge to coastal source aquifers is a serious immediate threat that may be exacerbated by a growing future population and ...
Climate change inspector with intentionally biased bootstrapping
... The relationship between temperature and precipitation has been studied in literature in order to predict the future variations of precipitation under the global warming condition. From the Clausius–Clapeyron (C–C) relation, saturation vapor pressure increases by 6–7 % for each 1 ◦ C increase in tem ...
... The relationship between temperature and precipitation has been studied in literature in order to predict the future variations of precipitation under the global warming condition. From the Clausius–Clapeyron (C–C) relation, saturation vapor pressure increases by 6–7 % for each 1 ◦ C increase in tem ...
Potential Effects of Climate Change on Crop Pollination
... (since 1850) (IPCC 2007) provides high confidence of recent warming, which is strongly affecting terrestrial ecosystems. This includes changes such as earlier timing ...
... (since 1850) (IPCC 2007) provides high confidence of recent warming, which is strongly affecting terrestrial ecosystems. This includes changes such as earlier timing ...
Appendix B: SEQ NRM Plan Target Maps and
... Map 2.0: Vegetation Framework .................................................................................................. 11 Actions for Bushland ......................................................................................................................... 12 Map 2.1: Climate Refug ...
... Map 2.0: Vegetation Framework .................................................................................................. 11 Actions for Bushland ......................................................................................................................... 12 Map 2.1: Climate Refug ...
Impacts of climate change on air pollution levels in the Northern
... of the earth to the 10 hPa pressure level. The concentrations of greenhouse gases and halocarbons as well as the surface sulphur emissions are prescribed in the model according to the IPCC SRES A2 scenario, which assumes a regionally limited cooperation and slower adaption of new technologies, toget ...
... of the earth to the 10 hPa pressure level. The concentrations of greenhouse gases and halocarbons as well as the surface sulphur emissions are prescribed in the model according to the IPCC SRES A2 scenario, which assumes a regionally limited cooperation and slower adaption of new technologies, toget ...
Managing Climate Risk Integrating Adaptation into World Bank Group Operations World Bank Group
... Climate risk management focuses on better management of climate variability in all relevant sectors. The starting point is to determine vulnerability to the current climate conditions, including variability and weather extremes. The next step is to assess how vulnerabilities might change as a result ...
... Climate risk management focuses on better management of climate variability in all relevant sectors. The starting point is to determine vulnerability to the current climate conditions, including variability and weather extremes. The next step is to assess how vulnerabilities might change as a result ...
Climate Change Implications for Marine Fisheries in South Africa
... optimally exploited populations. Overfishing may result in reduced genetic variability, which may negatively affect the possibilities of an evolutionary response to climate change and the ability of depleted stocks to recover. Directional shifts in the spatial distribution of several marine species, ...
... optimally exploited populations. Overfishing may result in reduced genetic variability, which may negatively affect the possibilities of an evolutionary response to climate change and the ability of depleted stocks to recover. Directional shifts in the spatial distribution of several marine species, ...
a Climate of Conflict
... the climate change debate along in several ways. First, it reflects a major increase in the degree of scientific consensus about the reality of climate change and, second, growing consensus that it is caused by human activity. Third, the AR4 emphasises that the consequences of climate change are alr ...
... the climate change debate along in several ways. First, it reflects a major increase in the degree of scientific consensus about the reality of climate change and, second, growing consensus that it is caused by human activity. Third, the AR4 emphasises that the consequences of climate change are alr ...
Climate Change Implications for Marine Fisheries
... optimally exploited populations. Overfishing may result in reduced genetic variability, which may negatively affect the possibilities of an evolutionary response to climate change and the ability of depleted stocks to recover. Directional shifts in the spatial distribution of several marine species, ...
... optimally exploited populations. Overfishing may result in reduced genetic variability, which may negatively affect the possibilities of an evolutionary response to climate change and the ability of depleted stocks to recover. Directional shifts in the spatial distribution of several marine species, ...
Making Marine Zoning Climate-Change Adaptable Robin Kundis Craig
... economies;” and “improve our understanding and awareness of changing environmental conditions, trends, and their causes, and of human activities taking place in ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes waters[.]” 13 The Ocean Stewardship Executive Order thus incorporates both climate change and improved resi ...
... economies;” and “improve our understanding and awareness of changing environmental conditions, trends, and their causes, and of human activities taking place in ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes waters[.]” 13 The Ocean Stewardship Executive Order thus incorporates both climate change and improved resi ...
Report
... concentration scenarios used by the IPCC. 2. The sensitivity of the climate system and environment to greenhouse gas concentrations (NPCC, 2009). GHG concentrations will continue to grow as long as emissions exceed the environment’s capacity to absorb these gases. The extent of this capacity is unkn ...
... concentration scenarios used by the IPCC. 2. The sensitivity of the climate system and environment to greenhouse gas concentrations (NPCC, 2009). GHG concentrations will continue to grow as long as emissions exceed the environment’s capacity to absorb these gases. The extent of this capacity is unkn ...
Annex I Annex D in the Convention
... In the review of new POPs regional differences in climate change as observed and projected by IPCC should be taken into account. Climate change is predicted by the UNEP/AMAP expert group (2011) to increase the transport of POPs to the Arctic and other remote regions. Climate change is also predicted ...
... In the review of new POPs regional differences in climate change as observed and projected by IPCC should be taken into account. Climate change is predicted by the UNEP/AMAP expert group (2011) to increase the transport of POPs to the Arctic and other remote regions. Climate change is also predicted ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.