Climate response to imposed solar radiation reductions in high
... Increases in the atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and other radiatively substances have initiated The active Cryosphere changes in the global climate that are projected to become substantially larger in the future (IPCC, 2007a; NRC, 2010). Not only are surface temperatures increasing, bu ...
... Increases in the atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and other radiatively substances have initiated The active Cryosphere changes in the global climate that are projected to become substantially larger in the future (IPCC, 2007a; NRC, 2010). Not only are surface temperatures increasing, bu ...
Robust Land–Ocean Contrasts in Energy and Water Cycle Feedbacks
... over land in a warming climate, this study examines simulated land–ocean contrasts in fully coupled projections from the Third Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) archive. In addition to the projection of disproportionate changes in temperature and moisture over land, the analysis reveals ...
... over land in a warming climate, this study examines simulated land–ocean contrasts in fully coupled projections from the Third Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP3) archive. In addition to the projection of disproportionate changes in temperature and moisture over land, the analysis reveals ...
The Economics of Climate Change Impacts and Policy
... response. Climate change is likely to increase the risk of certain extreme events but the potential damages from increased severity of extreme climate events are often not included in economic analysis (IPCC, 2007b, ch19). One of the aims of the OECD project is thus to include in these local assessm ...
... response. Climate change is likely to increase the risk of certain extreme events but the potential damages from increased severity of extreme climate events are often not included in economic analysis (IPCC, 2007b, ch19). One of the aims of the OECD project is thus to include in these local assessm ...
Flood risk and climate change: global and regional perspectives
... The Special Report on “Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation” of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), here abbreviated to SREX report (Field et al. 2012), critically assessed the recent scientific literature on climate change and the ...
... The Special Report on “Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation” of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), here abbreviated to SREX report (Field et al. 2012), critically assessed the recent scientific literature on climate change and the ...
the impact of climate change on the development - UN
... There are 51 Small Island Developing States; 14 of which are non-UN members or are associate members of UN regional commissions (See Table 2). Small Island Developing States are located across the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. The Caribbean and the southwest Pacific have a high concentration ...
... There are 51 Small Island Developing States; 14 of which are non-UN members or are associate members of UN regional commissions (See Table 2). Small Island Developing States are located across the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. The Caribbean and the southwest Pacific have a high concentration ...
Centre for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science
... years of geological time.9 In their now-famous Tellus article, published in 1957, Suess and Revelle argued primarily for the importance of monitoring — a project commenced during the International Geophysical Year and pursued for the next four and half decades by Charles David Keeling. Political sci ...
... years of geological time.9 In their now-famous Tellus article, published in 1957, Suess and Revelle argued primarily for the importance of monitoring — a project commenced during the International Geophysical Year and pursued for the next four and half decades by Charles David Keeling. Political sci ...
On the use of imagery for climate change engagement
... and public actors. Examining the interactions between media representations and public engagement can therefore facilitate our understanding of how texts and images inform and influence peoples’ conceptualisation of climate change. Yet whilst many studies have explored this interface through textual ...
... and public actors. Examining the interactions between media representations and public engagement can therefore facilitate our understanding of how texts and images inform and influence peoples’ conceptualisation of climate change. Yet whilst many studies have explored this interface through textual ...
GCOS - WMO
... GCOS is the single point for coordination, working through bodies such as the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS), GOOS, the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) and the Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites (CGMS) for implementation; and plays a significant role fo ...
... GCOS is the single point for coordination, working through bodies such as the WMO Integrated Global Observing System (WIGOS), GOOS, the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) and the Coordination Group for Meteorological Satellites (CGMS) for implementation; and plays a significant role fo ...
Effects of climate change on inland waters of the Pacific coastal
... result from snowmelt, warm winter storms and summer and early autumn convective storms (Kattelmann, 1990). In rivers with headwaters at high elevation, snowmelt ¯oods occur each spring as periods of sustained high ¯ow, long duration and large volume. However, they rarely produce the highest instanta ...
... result from snowmelt, warm winter storms and summer and early autumn convective storms (Kattelmann, 1990). In rivers with headwaters at high elevation, snowmelt ¯oods occur each spring as periods of sustained high ¯ow, long duration and large volume. However, they rarely produce the highest instanta ...
Climate Changes Caucasus - WWF
... floods and storms, sea level rise and associated coastal erosion, climate change will no doubt put a challenge to the future development in the Southern Caucasus. To reduce impacts will require the enhancement of ecosystem resilience and the introduction of specific climate adaptation measures with ...
... floods and storms, sea level rise and associated coastal erosion, climate change will no doubt put a challenge to the future development in the Southern Caucasus. To reduce impacts will require the enhancement of ecosystem resilience and the introduction of specific climate adaptation measures with ...
Fear Won`t Do It - Center for Science and Technology Policy Research
... movie The Day After Tomorrow (Emmerich, 2004), with survey themes followed up a month later with focus groups. They found that although the majority of participants (67%) in the post-test agreed that “everybody has to do something” about climate change, this sense of urgency had substantially dimini ...
... movie The Day After Tomorrow (Emmerich, 2004), with survey themes followed up a month later with focus groups. They found that although the majority of participants (67%) in the post-test agreed that “everybody has to do something” about climate change, this sense of urgency had substantially dimini ...
Using the IPCC`s Assessment Report data and climate change
... • Increase in heavy precipitation events (regional inequalities) • Likely more land regions where number of heavy precipitation events has increased than those where it has decreased. ...
... • Increase in heavy precipitation events (regional inequalities) • Likely more land regions where number of heavy precipitation events has increased than those where it has decreased. ...
Socio-Economic Impacts of Climate Change in
... Despite the absence of good long term climatic records, available data and trends from neighbouring countries indicate that mean annual temperature has increased by 0.6°C since 1960, at an average rate of around 0.13°C per decade. Increases have been most pronounced during the autumn (SON), with inc ...
... Despite the absence of good long term climatic records, available data and trends from neighbouring countries indicate that mean annual temperature has increased by 0.6°C since 1960, at an average rate of around 0.13°C per decade. Increases have been most pronounced during the autumn (SON), with inc ...
NRDC: Hotter and Drier - The West`s Changed Climate
... Cover photo: White “bathtub rings” show the pre-drought water level of Lake Powell in Arizona. © Mike Reyfman Copyright 2008 by the Rocky Mountain Climate Organization and the Natural Resources Defense Council. For additional copies of this report, send $5.00 plus $3.95 shipping and handling to NRDC ...
... Cover photo: White “bathtub rings” show the pre-drought water level of Lake Powell in Arizona. © Mike Reyfman Copyright 2008 by the Rocky Mountain Climate Organization and the Natural Resources Defense Council. For additional copies of this report, send $5.00 plus $3.95 shipping and handling to NRDC ...
Positive feedback between future climate change
... Abstract. Future climate change due to increased atmospheric CO2 may affect land and ocean efficiency to absorb atmospheric CO2 . Here, using climate and carbon threedimensional models forced by a 1% per year increase in atmospheric CO2 , we show that there is a positive feedback between the climate sy ...
... Abstract. Future climate change due to increased atmospheric CO2 may affect land and ocean efficiency to absorb atmospheric CO2 . Here, using climate and carbon threedimensional models forced by a 1% per year increase in atmospheric CO2 , we show that there is a positive feedback between the climate sy ...
Climate change : quantifying the health impact at national
... due to human activities, and that this will continue for at least the next several decades (IPCC, 2001b; Oreskes, 2004). It is also clear that weather and climate exert a major influence on human health, both through direct effects of extreme events such as heatwaves, floods and storms, and more ind ...
... due to human activities, and that this will continue for at least the next several decades (IPCC, 2001b; Oreskes, 2004). It is also clear that weather and climate exert a major influence on human health, both through direct effects of extreme events such as heatwaves, floods and storms, and more ind ...
Planning for climate change impacts on hydropower in the Far North
... (Kane et al., 1990), though ET will increase as the growing season continues to lengthen as it has in recent decades (Genet et al., 2013; Olchev and Novenko, 2011; Zeng et al., 2011). Other aspects of the supply side, which include groundwater storage and glacier storage, will be addressed in the ne ...
... (Kane et al., 1990), though ET will increase as the growing season continues to lengthen as it has in recent decades (Genet et al., 2013; Olchev and Novenko, 2011; Zeng et al., 2011). Other aspects of the supply side, which include groundwater storage and glacier storage, will be addressed in the ne ...
Implications of recent sea level rise science for low
... in coastal cities of the conterminous U.S.A. clearly shows that SLR will potentially have very local, and disproportionate, impacts. ...
... in coastal cities of the conterminous U.S.A. clearly shows that SLR will potentially have very local, and disproportionate, impacts. ...
There is general agreement that the negative effects of global
... resilience, can reduce the effects of the events associated with climate change. Ayers discusses how adaptation investments should be additional to, or mainstreamed into traditional development assistance. For the most part, however, the literature has so far focused on what the additional adaptatio ...
... resilience, can reduce the effects of the events associated with climate change. Ayers discusses how adaptation investments should be additional to, or mainstreamed into traditional development assistance. For the most part, however, the literature has so far focused on what the additional adaptatio ...
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... emphases. Given the characteristics of climate change (slow, highly uncertain, small relative to climate variability, spatially heterogeneous), the value of information from research and extension to guide farmers’ decision making about adaptation is likely to be low for decisions about farming prac ...
... emphases. Given the characteristics of climate change (slow, highly uncertain, small relative to climate variability, spatially heterogeneous), the value of information from research and extension to guide farmers’ decision making about adaptation is likely to be low for decisions about farming prac ...
Climate finance additionality - Overseas Development Institute
... Definition 2: Increase on 2009 ODA levels directed at climate change activities This definition, implying that 2009 ODA disbursements should set the reference level for climate change finance, is similarly straightforward to track as Definition 1. There is a baseline which is already being reported ...
... Definition 2: Increase on 2009 ODA levels directed at climate change activities This definition, implying that 2009 ODA disbursements should set the reference level for climate change finance, is similarly straightforward to track as Definition 1. There is a baseline which is already being reported ...
Environmental effects of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide
... of atmospheric carbon dioxide leads to the conclusion that increases during the 20th century have produced no deleterious effects upon global climate or temperature. Increased carbon dioxide has, however, markedly increased plant growth rates as inferred from numerous laboratory and field experiment ...
... of atmospheric carbon dioxide leads to the conclusion that increases during the 20th century have produced no deleterious effects upon global climate or temperature. Increased carbon dioxide has, however, markedly increased plant growth rates as inferred from numerous laboratory and field experiment ...
Strategic Framework 2014–2017: SDC Global Programme Climate
... food shortage, water supply crises and the impacts of extreme weather events. Additionally, Climate Change is a most relevant development challenge, as it affects developing countries far more than rich countries. Development progress already achieved is being increasingly jeopardized by the negativ ...
... food shortage, water supply crises and the impacts of extreme weather events. Additionally, Climate Change is a most relevant development challenge, as it affects developing countries far more than rich countries. Development progress already achieved is being increasingly jeopardized by the negativ ...
The Conditional Nature of the Local Warming Effect
... (on 22 December 2014) and asked to participate in another survey that again asked the same series of questions (TT, PDW, GWB, GWW, and GWH).2 In the follow-up, respondents in both experimental groups received the same questions; the prompt was not introduced again for the treatment group. Respondent ...
... (on 22 December 2014) and asked to participate in another survey that again asked the same series of questions (TT, PDW, GWB, GWW, and GWH).2 In the follow-up, respondents in both experimental groups received the same questions; the prompt was not introduced again for the treatment group. Respondent ...
When It Rains, It Pours
... Program—composed of a wide range of leading experts from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and universities—called the increase in heavy downpours “one of the clearest precipitation trends in the United States” and linked the ...
... Program—composed of a wide range of leading experts from the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and universities—called the increase in heavy downpours “one of the clearest precipitation trends in the United States” and linked the ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.