Changing Landscapes, Changing Lives
... Nechako River Basin (NRB) spans an area of 52,000 km2 (Benke and Cushing, 2005), which is approximately the same size as the Country of Switzerland. The Stuart River, which flows southeast from the Coast Mountains, is the biggest tributary (by flow volume) of the Nechako River. The Nechako is in tur ...
... Nechako River Basin (NRB) spans an area of 52,000 km2 (Benke and Cushing, 2005), which is approximately the same size as the Country of Switzerland. The Stuart River, which flows southeast from the Coast Mountains, is the biggest tributary (by flow volume) of the Nechako River. The Nechako is in tur ...
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... exogenously determined variables, but the number of exogenous variables in the structuralform equation set for a commodity varies, based on the cross-price, cross-commodity relationships. The behavioural equations are domestic supply, demand, stocks, domestic producer and consumer price functions an ...
... exogenously determined variables, but the number of exogenous variables in the structuralform equation set for a commodity varies, based on the cross-price, cross-commodity relationships. The behavioural equations are domestic supply, demand, stocks, domestic producer and consumer price functions an ...
Extracting and analyzing the warming trend in
... climate change signal. These “optimal detection analyses” that combine observed and modeled climate data have provided important evidence for supporting IPCC’s statements such as “most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observ ...
... climate change signal. These “optimal detection analyses” that combine observed and modeled climate data have provided important evidence for supporting IPCC’s statements such as “most of the observed increase in global average temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observ ...
4. impacts on marine ecosystems and the fisheries sector
... The Spanish coastline, including the archipelagos, measures around 7,880 km, which is quite an appreciable figure. It is washed by the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, an ocean and sea, respectively, of very different characteristics. The continental margin are generally narrow, as the coastal waters ...
... The Spanish coastline, including the archipelagos, measures around 7,880 km, which is quite an appreciable figure. It is washed by the Atlantic and the Mediterranean, an ocean and sea, respectively, of very different characteristics. The continental margin are generally narrow, as the coastal waters ...
Potential Vegetation and Carbon Redistribution in Northern North
... on temperature, evapotranspiration rate, seasonality of precipitation, and severity of dry season to predict ecosystem type [1]. Holdrige’s diagram is considered the most iconic climate-ecosystem classification scheme and produced an ecosystem classification key based on temperature, precipitation, ...
... on temperature, evapotranspiration rate, seasonality of precipitation, and severity of dry season to predict ecosystem type [1]. Holdrige’s diagram is considered the most iconic climate-ecosystem classification scheme and produced an ecosystem classification key based on temperature, precipitation, ...
From obscurity to action - Liu Institute for Global Issues
... system during the 21st century will exceed those observed during the previous 100 years, primarily as a result of fossil fuel consumption, agricultural expansion, and other human activities. Scientific academies and societies around the world, including the Royal Society of Canada, have endorsed the ...
... system during the 21st century will exceed those observed during the previous 100 years, primarily as a result of fossil fuel consumption, agricultural expansion, and other human activities. Scientific academies and societies around the world, including the Royal Society of Canada, have endorsed the ...
Innovation in the realm of institutional complexity
... the average temperature in most parts of the world (IPCC 2014). The increased temperature leads to changes in precipitation – some areas of the world face major increase in precipitation, while other areas face major decrease in precipitation. In the Northern hemisphere, the climate is becoming warm ...
... the average temperature in most parts of the world (IPCC 2014). The increased temperature leads to changes in precipitation – some areas of the world face major increase in precipitation, while other areas face major decrease in precipitation. In the Northern hemisphere, the climate is becoming warm ...
Evidence for a Rapid Global Climate Shift across the Late 1960s
... smaller but locally quite strong, magnitude may be identified in the past century, with present-day consequences. Specifically a substantial, coordinated, worldwide change occurred in a number of major climate variables over a period of about 10 yr, centered on the late 1960s. A range of examples ar ...
... smaller but locally quite strong, magnitude may be identified in the past century, with present-day consequences. Specifically a substantial, coordinated, worldwide change occurred in a number of major climate variables over a period of about 10 yr, centered on the late 1960s. A range of examples ar ...
Two Kinds of Climate Justice: Avoiding Harm and Sharing Burdens
... facing the prospect of severe climate change and the Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) contain some stark warnings. In the IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report, the ‘best estimate’ of the increase in global mean temperatures in the period between 1980–1999 and 208 ...
... facing the prospect of severe climate change and the Assessment Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) contain some stark warnings. In the IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report, the ‘best estimate’ of the increase in global mean temperatures in the period between 1980–1999 and 208 ...
Climate-Driven Basin-Scale Decadal Oscillations of Oceanic
... Chl-Zr26 and Chl-ZML relationships. This important role of ocean physics indicates that the observed Chl changes primarily reflect biomass changes due to dampened or increased nutrient fluxes to the upper lit layers. Changes in the photoacclimation state of phytoplankton probably also intervene, wi ...
... Chl-Zr26 and Chl-ZML relationships. This important role of ocean physics indicates that the observed Chl changes primarily reflect biomass changes due to dampened or increased nutrient fluxes to the upper lit layers. Changes in the photoacclimation state of phytoplankton probably also intervene, wi ...
Response of hydrological processes to land
... Land-cover/climate changes and their impacts on hydrological processes are of widespread concern and a great challenge to researchers and policy makers. Kejie Watershed in the Salween River Basin in Yunnan, south-west China, has been reforested extensively during the past two decades. In terms of cl ...
... Land-cover/climate changes and their impacts on hydrological processes are of widespread concern and a great challenge to researchers and policy makers. Kejie Watershed in the Salween River Basin in Yunnan, south-west China, has been reforested extensively during the past two decades. In terms of cl ...
Increase of carbon cycle feedback with climate sensitivity
... of the conventionally accepted range (1.5 to 4.5 K per CO 2 doubling; IPCC, 2001). The land surface is more likely to damp the effects of CO 2 emissions if climate sensitivity is low, with carbon uptake by the biosphere dominated by CO 2 fertilization. Higher climate sensitivity is more likely to am ...
... of the conventionally accepted range (1.5 to 4.5 K per CO 2 doubling; IPCC, 2001). The land surface is more likely to damp the effects of CO 2 emissions if climate sensitivity is low, with carbon uptake by the biosphere dominated by CO 2 fertilization. Higher climate sensitivity is more likely to am ...
- Wiley Online Library
... the eastern Mediterranean region would become significantly drier under a future climate scenario, with potentially devastating impact on the population (IPCC, 2007). Here, we use a regional model to explore this prediction in more detail, focussing on changes in the daily statistics of precipitatio ...
... the eastern Mediterranean region would become significantly drier under a future climate scenario, with potentially devastating impact on the population (IPCC, 2007). Here, we use a regional model to explore this prediction in more detail, focussing on changes in the daily statistics of precipitatio ...
Positive feedback between global warming and atmospheric CO2
... suggests that the effect may be small on a time-scale of years (about 3 ppmv CO2 /0C), and moderate at millennium time-scales (about 13 ppmv CO2 /0C), but large at a scale of centuries (about 20 ppmv CO2 /0C). Here we are interested in a prognosis of the expected global warming by the end of the cur ...
... suggests that the effect may be small on a time-scale of years (about 3 ppmv CO2 /0C), and moderate at millennium time-scales (about 13 ppmv CO2 /0C), but large at a scale of centuries (about 20 ppmv CO2 /0C). Here we are interested in a prognosis of the expected global warming by the end of the cur ...
II. Biodiversity and Climate Change Mitigation
... resilience than primary forests. Plantation forests may store and sequester considerable amounts of carbon but are not as beneficial for biodiversity conservation as natural forests. Among plantations types, those which comprise diverse mixtures of native species have potential for a higher biodiver ...
... resilience than primary forests. Plantation forests may store and sequester considerable amounts of carbon but are not as beneficial for biodiversity conservation as natural forests. Among plantations types, those which comprise diverse mixtures of native species have potential for a higher biodiver ...
Regional climate change and its impact on photooxidant
... [2] The change of global climate due to anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases is expected to result in higher summer temperatures and less precipitation in Germany. Though the results of global climate simulations show some differences depending on the assumed greenhouse gas emission scenarios ...
... [2] The change of global climate due to anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases is expected to result in higher summer temperatures and less precipitation in Germany. Though the results of global climate simulations show some differences depending on the assumed greenhouse gas emission scenarios ...
Co-benefits of addressing climate change can motivate action around the... Authors: , Taciano L. Milfont , Yoshihisa Kashima
... convinced participants, unconvinced participants showed similar or stronger effects for cobenefits related to societal conditions, and similar or weaker effects for character co-benefits. Unconvinced participants seemed particularly motivated by Development co-benefits. For climate change importanc ...
... convinced participants, unconvinced participants showed similar or stronger effects for cobenefits related to societal conditions, and similar or weaker effects for character co-benefits. Unconvinced participants seemed particularly motivated by Development co-benefits. For climate change importanc ...
Potential Evapotranspiration Under Present and Future
... (GHG) forcing, which focused on daily RCPs climate change scenarios. The selected models are listed in Table 2.3. Each model produces four RCPs scenarios to represent a larger set of mitigation scenarios and have different targets in terms of radiative forcing in 2100. Each RCP defines a specific emis ...
... (GHG) forcing, which focused on daily RCPs climate change scenarios. The selected models are listed in Table 2.3. Each model produces four RCPs scenarios to represent a larger set of mitigation scenarios and have different targets in terms of radiative forcing in 2100. Each RCP defines a specific emis ...
Links between climate change, conflict and governance in Africa
... circumstances climate change potentially becomes a significant factor that can tip fragile states such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Somalia into socio-economic and political collapse. Climate change has repeatedly been called a major threat to Africa. Indeed, Africa has time and ...
... circumstances climate change potentially becomes a significant factor that can tip fragile states such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) and Somalia into socio-economic and political collapse. Climate change has repeatedly been called a major threat to Africa. Indeed, Africa has time and ...
Ireland Adapts to Climate Change Report Series No. 9
... the Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government; members of the Impacts and Adaptation Steering Group; and all those in government departments and agencies, NGOs and other groups who contributed to this work (see a list of those consulted in Appendix 1). The authors would also like ...
... the Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government; members of the Impacts and Adaptation Steering Group; and all those in government departments and agencies, NGOs and other groups who contributed to this work (see a list of those consulted in Appendix 1). The authors would also like ...
Research paper: Improving Communication of Uncertainty in the
... Sentences with very likely 1. It is very likely that hot extremes, heat waves, and heavy precipitation events will continue to become more frequent. 2. Continued greenhouse gas emissions at or above current rates would cause further warming and induce many changes in the global climate system during ...
... Sentences with very likely 1. It is very likely that hot extremes, heat waves, and heavy precipitation events will continue to become more frequent. 2. Continued greenhouse gas emissions at or above current rates would cause further warming and induce many changes in the global climate system during ...
The Early Twentieth-Century Warming in the Arctic—A Possible
... the first and second decade of the last century there was a high proportion of years with stronger-than-normal westerly circulation over the North Atlantic (NAO in a positive phase; Hurrell 1995). As has been shown by Curry and McCartney (2001), the long-term domination of such an atmospheric flow p ...
... the first and second decade of the last century there was a high proportion of years with stronger-than-normal westerly circulation over the North Atlantic (NAO in a positive phase; Hurrell 1995). As has been shown by Curry and McCartney (2001), the long-term domination of such an atmospheric flow p ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.