River Floods - ClimateCost
... the UK, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands and Belgium. • There is a very wide range around these central (mean) estimates, representing the range of results from different climate models. The study considered 12 alternative climate outputs (global climate model/ regional climate model combinations). ...
... the UK, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands and Belgium. • There is a very wide range around these central (mean) estimates, representing the range of results from different climate models. The study considered 12 alternative climate outputs (global climate model/ regional climate model combinations). ...
Antarctic precipitation and climate-change predictions: horizontal
... corresponding to a >1 mm a–1 sea-level rise. About three-quarters of this rise originates from the marginal regions of the Antarctic ice sheet with surface elevation below 2250 m. This is where field programs are most urgently needed to better understand and monitor accumulation at the surface of An ...
... corresponding to a >1 mm a–1 sea-level rise. About three-quarters of this rise originates from the marginal regions of the Antarctic ice sheet with surface elevation below 2250 m. This is where field programs are most urgently needed to better understand and monitor accumulation at the surface of An ...
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLIMATE LIMITED
... provided 12 of the warmest years since instrumental recording began in 1850. In addition, the linear trend warming over the period 1956 to 2005 was almost twice that for the 100 years from 1906 to 2005. Increases in global temperatures, through thermal expansion and the melting glaciers, are also pu ...
... provided 12 of the warmest years since instrumental recording began in 1850. In addition, the linear trend warming over the period 1956 to 2005 was almost twice that for the 100 years from 1906 to 2005. Increases in global temperatures, through thermal expansion and the melting glaciers, are also pu ...
Recent Changes in Arctic Vegetation
... discontinuity in the GIMMS data north of this latitude. The spatial variations of the climate-vegetation relationships were examined for Eurasia regionally using the divisions of Treshnikov (1985) (Fig. 2.3) and for the total Eurasian domain. NDVI and summer warmth index (SWI – sum of mean monthly t ...
... discontinuity in the GIMMS data north of this latitude. The spatial variations of the climate-vegetation relationships were examined for Eurasia regionally using the divisions of Treshnikov (1985) (Fig. 2.3) and for the total Eurasian domain. NDVI and summer warmth index (SWI – sum of mean monthly t ...
Recent Changes in Arctic Vegetation
... discontinuity in the GIMMS data north of this latitude. The spatial variations of the climate-vegetation relationships were examined for Eurasia regionally using the divisions of Treshnikov (1985) (Fig. 2.3) and for the total Eurasian domain. NDVI and summer warmth index (SWI – sum of mean monthly t ...
... discontinuity in the GIMMS data north of this latitude. The spatial variations of the climate-vegetation relationships were examined for Eurasia regionally using the divisions of Treshnikov (1985) (Fig. 2.3) and for the total Eurasian domain. NDVI and summer warmth index (SWI – sum of mean monthly t ...
Climate Change and Doom Tourism
... (IPCC) was established in 1988 to provide regular reports on the scientific, technical and socio-economic information relevant for the understanding of human induced climate change, potential impacts of climate change and options for mitigation and adaptation. Four Assessment Reports have been relea ...
... (IPCC) was established in 1988 to provide regular reports on the scientific, technical and socio-economic information relevant for the understanding of human induced climate change, potential impacts of climate change and options for mitigation and adaptation. Four Assessment Reports have been relea ...
gcc_press re collapse_all_1_001
... St. Louis Post-Dispatch ,December 15, 1999, “Ford’s great-grandson says ‘no more lying’ when it comes to the environment,” by John Passacantando. The San Francisco Chronicle, December 14, 1999, “Protecting Mother Earth and Gas Guzzlers.” Daytona Beach News-Journal (FL), December 13, 1999, “Ford lift ...
... St. Louis Post-Dispatch ,December 15, 1999, “Ford’s great-grandson says ‘no more lying’ when it comes to the environment,” by John Passacantando. The San Francisco Chronicle, December 14, 1999, “Protecting Mother Earth and Gas Guzzlers.” Daytona Beach News-Journal (FL), December 13, 1999, “Ford lift ...
Can actuaries really afford to ignore climate
... We have predicted a wide range of increases in mean claim costs from bushfire, cyclones and riverine floods. This wide range reflects the uncertainty in the level of future emissions, the lack of certainty on the impact of climate change on natural perils in Australia, and calls for further climat ...
... We have predicted a wide range of increases in mean claim costs from bushfire, cyclones and riverine floods. This wide range reflects the uncertainty in the level of future emissions, the lack of certainty on the impact of climate change on natural perils in Australia, and calls for further climat ...
FiELDiNG CLiMATE CHANGE iN CULTURAL
... Ethnographic interviews and participant observation provide important entry points into ways which reveal the phenomena that people use as evidence that climate is changing. Some expressions of climatic change are especially salient due to their striking visibility, such as diminished snowfall or gl ...
... Ethnographic interviews and participant observation provide important entry points into ways which reveal the phenomena that people use as evidence that climate is changing. Some expressions of climatic change are especially salient due to their striking visibility, such as diminished snowfall or gl ...
adaptation planning developing resilience to climate change in the
... vulnerabilities is to be expected. The impacts of climate change are now being observed across all continents and oceans (IPCC, 2014). Adaptation planning is crucial for the It is vital that we seek to futuretransport sector as a key player in the Irish proof the efficient functioning of economy. Th ...
... vulnerabilities is to be expected. The impacts of climate change are now being observed across all continents and oceans (IPCC, 2014). Adaptation planning is crucial for the It is vital that we seek to futuretransport sector as a key player in the Irish proof the efficient functioning of economy. Th ...
Increasing water cycle extremes in California and in relation to
... more frequent drought conditions in upcoming years. The effects of global warming on the regional climate include a hotter and drier climate2,3, as well as earlier snowmelt4, both of which exacerbate drought conditions. An understanding of the mechanisms that govern changes in extreme events at the ...
... more frequent drought conditions in upcoming years. The effects of global warming on the regional climate include a hotter and drier climate2,3, as well as earlier snowmelt4, both of which exacerbate drought conditions. An understanding of the mechanisms that govern changes in extreme events at the ...
The implications of climate change for the water environment in
... estimate 13%) and mean summer precipitation could change by between 36% and þ4% (central estimate 16%). Table 3 shows the variation in the potential impact on average seasonal temperature and precipitation across England, and illustrates the large amount of uncertainty even assuming one scenario f ...
... estimate 13%) and mean summer precipitation could change by between 36% and þ4% (central estimate 16%). Table 3 shows the variation in the potential impact on average seasonal temperature and precipitation across England, and illustrates the large amount of uncertainty even assuming one scenario f ...
14 Climate change: science and the precautionary principle
... increase nearly in arithmetic progression' (Arrhenius, 1896). The modern formulation of this still valid relationship is that 'the temperature increase is proportional to the logarithm of the carbon dioxide increase'. Arrhenius's estimate that the global surface temperature would rise by 3–5 °C if a ...
... increase nearly in arithmetic progression' (Arrhenius, 1896). The modern formulation of this still valid relationship is that 'the temperature increase is proportional to the logarithm of the carbon dioxide increase'. Arrhenius's estimate that the global surface temperature would rise by 3–5 °C if a ...
Projection of occurrence of extreme drywet years and seasons in
... near Stockholm, Sweden (15.84ı E, 59.30ı N). The green curve is the standard normal CDF. The black curves represent the Gamma CDFs fitted to the yearly precipitation (gray filled circles) over the reference period (1971–2000) for the two selected locations. The blue and brown curves are the Gamma CDFs ...
... near Stockholm, Sweden (15.84ı E, 59.30ı N). The green curve is the standard normal CDF. The black curves represent the Gamma CDFs fitted to the yearly precipitation (gray filled circles) over the reference period (1971–2000) for the two selected locations. The blue and brown curves are the Gamma CDFs ...
Annex II Risk profile outline
... frequency and severity of ozone-depletion in the Arctic, as well as cloudiness and extent of snow and ice cover (ACIA 2005). The UV-radiation levels are increasing due to increased ozone-depletion, and the exposure of biota to UV-radiation increases because of decreasing ice- and snow cover in the A ...
... frequency and severity of ozone-depletion in the Arctic, as well as cloudiness and extent of snow and ice cover (ACIA 2005). The UV-radiation levels are increasing due to increased ozone-depletion, and the exposure of biota to UV-radiation increases because of decreasing ice- and snow cover in the A ...
What`s In A Name? Global Warming vs. Climate Change
... These diverse results strongly suggest that global warming and climate change are used differently and mean different things in the minds of many Americans. Scientists often prefer the term climate change for technical reasons, but should be aware that the two terms generate different interpretation ...
... These diverse results strongly suggest that global warming and climate change are used differently and mean different things in the minds of many Americans. Scientists often prefer the term climate change for technical reasons, but should be aware that the two terms generate different interpretation ...
The theme of slow onset impact
... The operative provisions of the Convention begin by defining both the ‘adverse effects of climate change’ as well as the term ‘climate change’ itself. Adverse effects of climate change are …changes in the physical environment or biota resulting from climate change which have significant deleterious ...
... The operative provisions of the Convention begin by defining both the ‘adverse effects of climate change’ as well as the term ‘climate change’ itself. Adverse effects of climate change are …changes in the physical environment or biota resulting from climate change which have significant deleterious ...
A 5˚C Arctic in a 2˚C World
... All of the above suggests that it is time for immediate action informed by the best science at hand. Time has run out on us, and we have embarked on what some call the “world’s biggest gamble.” (Rockstroem et al, 2016; Earth’s Future). To limit global warming to well below 2°C, the target of the Par ...
... All of the above suggests that it is time for immediate action informed by the best science at hand. Time has run out on us, and we have embarked on what some call the “world’s biggest gamble.” (Rockstroem et al, 2016; Earth’s Future). To limit global warming to well below 2°C, the target of the Par ...
Robust Bayesian Uncertainty Analysis of Climate System Properties
... make the application of rigorous statistical methods possible, while they are still able to reproduce the mean climate characteristics on a global scale. Furthermore, due to the simplified nature of such models, modelindependent climate system properties, such as the climate sensitivity, can be trea ...
... make the application of rigorous statistical methods possible, while they are still able to reproduce the mean climate characteristics on a global scale. Furthermore, due to the simplified nature of such models, modelindependent climate system properties, such as the climate sensitivity, can be trea ...
KLMC Advocacy Plan - Kenya livestock Marketing Council
... indicators and monitoring methods that all country themes apply. The below M&E framework is based on our theme-specific Theory of Change (ToC). For each result in the ToC we have defined indicators and methods of measurement. To the extent possible we have made use of harmonised indicators and metho ...
... indicators and monitoring methods that all country themes apply. The below M&E framework is based on our theme-specific Theory of Change (ToC). For each result in the ToC we have defined indicators and methods of measurement. To the extent possible we have made use of harmonised indicators and metho ...
trees on the move - the National Sea Grant Library
... climate changes and have to adapt or perish. Where the vegetation consists of crops that people plant, we can expect that people will just try to plant them elsewhere or find a better crop for the new climate. With forest vegetation, it’s a different story. Trees can’t migrate very rapidly to the pl ...
... climate changes and have to adapt or perish. Where the vegetation consists of crops that people plant, we can expect that people will just try to plant them elsewhere or find a better crop for the new climate. With forest vegetation, it’s a different story. Trees can’t migrate very rapidly to the pl ...
Climate adaptation: what it means for Australian consumers
... the majority believe that humans are largely responsible for climate change, but are less extreme in their views than segment 3. This group is ...
... the majority believe that humans are largely responsible for climate change, but are less extreme in their views than segment 3. This group is ...
JUST WATER:
... extreme weather events and NOT ENOUGH fresh water after droughts and ground water contamination. The phrase ‘Just Water’ also refers to the position of the Catholic Church, and in fact, most humanitarian agencies, who hold that access to sufficient, safe, fresh water is a human right and a matter of ...
... extreme weather events and NOT ENOUGH fresh water after droughts and ground water contamination. The phrase ‘Just Water’ also refers to the position of the Catholic Church, and in fact, most humanitarian agencies, who hold that access to sufficient, safe, fresh water is a human right and a matter of ...
Global Increasing Trends in Annual Maximum Daily Precipitation
... are other datasets that contain more in situ daily precipitation observations, for example, Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN)-Daily (Durre et al. 2010; Menne et al. 2012), these data are not quality controlled [although quality assurance flags are available for each data point (Durre et a ...
... are other datasets that contain more in situ daily precipitation observations, for example, Global Historical Climatology Network (GHCN)-Daily (Durre et al. 2010; Menne et al. 2012), these data are not quality controlled [although quality assurance flags are available for each data point (Durre et a ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.