Infectious Bursal Disease of Chickens
... cultured lymphocytes. It has been shown in a previous section that a specific lymphocyte type might serve as the target for IBD virus replication in vivo. As part of an investigation of the mechanism by which this virus induces immunosuppression, it was of interest to study virus replication in vitr ...
... cultured lymphocytes. It has been shown in a previous section that a specific lymphocyte type might serve as the target for IBD virus replication in vivo. As part of an investigation of the mechanism by which this virus induces immunosuppression, it was of interest to study virus replication in vitr ...
Pandemic Influenza Tabletop Exercise Participant`s Manual
... increased as more cases appeared in various areas of United States. Patient tracking in hospitals reveals that the virus is starting to be spread via human-to-human contact transmission between previously hospitalized patients and those who had close contact with these individuals. In fact, a signif ...
... increased as more cases appeared in various areas of United States. Patient tracking in hospitals reveals that the virus is starting to be spread via human-to-human contact transmission between previously hospitalized patients and those who had close contact with these individuals. In fact, a signif ...
Evidence for biotype-specific effects of bovine viral diarrhoea virus
... to cp virus underwent a transient viraemia and}or virus shedding after the challenge, but only one calf first inoculated with ncp virus did so. This difference according to the initial exposure was not statistically significant but worthwhile mentioning. A possible explanation might be that the amou ...
... to cp virus underwent a transient viraemia and}or virus shedding after the challenge, but only one calf first inoculated with ncp virus did so. This difference according to the initial exposure was not statistically significant but worthwhile mentioning. A possible explanation might be that the amou ...
Influenza Immunization Elizabeth Boldon, RN, MSN Elizabeth
... that occurs most often in the late fall, winter, and early spring. It is a serious infection, which affects more than 60 million individuals in the United States every year. Common symptoms of influenza include a high fever (101ºF – 102ºF) that begins suddenly, muscle or body aches, chills, tirednes ...
... that occurs most often in the late fall, winter, and early spring. It is a serious infection, which affects more than 60 million individuals in the United States every year. Common symptoms of influenza include a high fever (101ºF – 102ºF) that begins suddenly, muscle or body aches, chills, tirednes ...
Effect of 1918 PB1-F2 Expression on Influenza A
... dependent on both virus and host factors since knock-outs of PB1F2 on an A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus (WSN) background did not produce the same effects demonstrated using the A/Puerto Rico/ 8/34 (H1N1) virus (PR8) [16,17,19]. We and others have found that PB1-F2 induces large infiltrates of immune cells [6 ...
... dependent on both virus and host factors since knock-outs of PB1F2 on an A/WSN/33 (H1N1) virus (WSN) background did not produce the same effects demonstrated using the A/Puerto Rico/ 8/34 (H1N1) virus (PR8) [16,17,19]. We and others have found that PB1-F2 induces large infiltrates of immune cells [6 ...
Phenotypes influencing the transmissibility of highly pathogenic
... severe gross lesions, and high fever with a long time to death (Suzuki et al., 2009). The amino acid sequences at the haemagglutinin cleavage sites of CkYM7, CkMZ11 and DkYK10 are PQRERRKKR, PQGERRRKKR and PQRERRRKKR, respectively. These viruses were propagated in the allantoic membrane of 10-day-ol ...
... severe gross lesions, and high fever with a long time to death (Suzuki et al., 2009). The amino acid sequences at the haemagglutinin cleavage sites of CkYM7, CkMZ11 and DkYK10 are PQRERRKKR, PQGERRRKKR and PQRERRRKKR, respectively. These viruses were propagated in the allantoic membrane of 10-day-ol ...
Avian influenza virus, Streptococcus suis serotype 2, severe acute
... includes some viruses isolated from human cases, such as H5N1 infection in a pregnant woman in Anhui Province (Shu et al. 2006). Viruses from Clades 2.4 and 2.5 were from some sporadic cases mainly in the east and central parts of Mainland China and in Japan and Korea (isolates 2003 – 2004). The vir ...
... includes some viruses isolated from human cases, such as H5N1 infection in a pregnant woman in Anhui Province (Shu et al. 2006). Viruses from Clades 2.4 and 2.5 were from some sporadic cases mainly in the east and central parts of Mainland China and in Japan and Korea (isolates 2003 – 2004). The vir ...
KOZLENKO T
... animals to obtain hyperimmune serum against the virus and use the latter to manufacture diagnostic products for serologic reactions. Analysis of main research and publications where a solution of the problem is initiated. Many foreign researchers show virus resistance to ether, chloroform, pH 4.0, a ...
... animals to obtain hyperimmune serum against the virus and use the latter to manufacture diagnostic products for serologic reactions. Analysis of main research and publications where a solution of the problem is initiated. Many foreign researchers show virus resistance to ether, chloroform, pH 4.0, a ...
National Preparedness Plan
... high collective immunity, and are thus capable of causing an epidemic among the population. Such changes in the dominant virus are termed “antigenic drift”. Typical influenza outbreaks will cause an increase in the incidence of pneumonia, reflecting in an increased number of hospitalisations and hig ...
... high collective immunity, and are thus capable of causing an epidemic among the population. Such changes in the dominant virus are termed “antigenic drift”. Typical influenza outbreaks will cause an increase in the incidence of pneumonia, reflecting in an increased number of hospitalisations and hig ...
The Arenaviruses Family: Arenaviridae
... infections and 5,000 deaths per year • mild or no observable symptoms in about 80% of people infected with the virus, the remaining 20% have a severe multisystem disease. • Occasional epidemics, during which the case-fatality rate can reach ...
... infections and 5,000 deaths per year • mild or no observable symptoms in about 80% of people infected with the virus, the remaining 20% have a severe multisystem disease. • Occasional epidemics, during which the case-fatality rate can reach ...
ZIKA VIRUS: INFORMATION FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONALS
... travellers returning from countries, or areas in the United States, with reported cases of mosquito-borne Zika virus transmission. ...
... travellers returning from countries, or areas in the United States, with reported cases of mosquito-borne Zika virus transmission. ...
Isolation and Physiological Characterization of a New Algicidal Virus
... is new member of the NCLDV group (Iyer et al., 2006). Viruses are thought to influence community composition by increased infection of competitively superior host species that are overrepresented in a mixed population and have rapid doubling times (Sandaa, 2008; Wommack and Colwell, 2000). This is a ...
... is new member of the NCLDV group (Iyer et al., 2006). Viruses are thought to influence community composition by increased infection of competitively superior host species that are overrepresented in a mixed population and have rapid doubling times (Sandaa, 2008; Wommack and Colwell, 2000). This is a ...
Risk Factors Associated With Post-Weaning Multisystemic Wasting
... Manitoba, Canada. Cooperating producers had a regular veterinarian and kept production records. Case herds were those which experienced high nursery pig mortality (>3% or a single episode where mortality spiked above normal herd levels) within the previous 18 months. Control herds had nursery pig mo ...
... Manitoba, Canada. Cooperating producers had a regular veterinarian and kept production records. Case herds were those which experienced high nursery pig mortality (>3% or a single episode where mortality spiked above normal herd levels) within the previous 18 months. Control herds had nursery pig mo ...
response here - Soil Association
... addition resistance genes can also, for example, be transferred between different bacteria, including between animal and human bacteria, making it difficult to determine with certainty the origin of any antimicrobial resistance. It is relevant to note that when the European Union progressively banne ...
... addition resistance genes can also, for example, be transferred between different bacteria, including between animal and human bacteria, making it difficult to determine with certainty the origin of any antimicrobial resistance. It is relevant to note that when the European Union progressively banne ...
Complete Coding Sequence of the Alkhurma Virus, a Tick
... To address this question, phylogenetic analysis was performed within a 496 AA region of the envelope gene where sequences are available for 19 TB flaviviruses. The topology of the tree obtained (Fig. 3B) is consistent with that observed using complete ORF sequences but brings the additional informat ...
... To address this question, phylogenetic analysis was performed within a 496 AA region of the envelope gene where sequences are available for 19 TB flaviviruses. The topology of the tree obtained (Fig. 3B) is consistent with that observed using complete ORF sequences but brings the additional informat ...
isolation of egg drop syndrome virus and its molecular
... previously vaccinated against EDS, were divided into six groups, having three birds in each group. The infected feed from each source was offered to the hens of first five groups (2 Kg to each group) for six consecutive days. The normal feed was given to the birds of 6th group. Collection and proces ...
... previously vaccinated against EDS, were divided into six groups, having three birds in each group. The infected feed from each source was offered to the hens of first five groups (2 Kg to each group) for six consecutive days. The normal feed was given to the birds of 6th group. Collection and proces ...
- EcoHealth Alliance
... with invertebrates, which act as vectors23 or intermediate hosts. Identification of the key taxonomic groups that are sources for the emergence of zoonotic disease could help to improve targeting of surveillance and interventions. Ungulates are the mammalian taxa with which human beings share the mo ...
... with invertebrates, which act as vectors23 or intermediate hosts. Identification of the key taxonomic groups that are sources for the emergence of zoonotic disease could help to improve targeting of surveillance and interventions. Ungulates are the mammalian taxa with which human beings share the mo ...
Risks associated with vaccinia virus in the laboratory
... 5. The possibility exists for inadvertent secondary transmission of VACV from an infected individual. Because of potential delays between laboratory-related exposure and recognition of symptoms, laboratory workers may put contacts, such as family members and healthcare workers, at risk for infection ...
... 5. The possibility exists for inadvertent secondary transmission of VACV from an infected individual. Because of potential delays between laboratory-related exposure and recognition of symptoms, laboratory workers may put contacts, such as family members and healthcare workers, at risk for infection ...
Why Ebola is Not likely to Become Airbrone
... • Viruses are ancient. They constantly mutate; this is expected and normal. • Mutations occur every time a virus replicates or makes copies, but most mutations are “silent” and have no effect on the virus. • Even as Ebola mutates, like all viruses do, it would be very unusual for it to change how it ...
... • Viruses are ancient. They constantly mutate; this is expected and normal. • Mutations occur every time a virus replicates or makes copies, but most mutations are “silent” and have no effect on the virus. • Even as Ebola mutates, like all viruses do, it would be very unusual for it to change how it ...
Natural infections of pigs with akabane virus
... The isolation of AKA virus from pigs. By using SN test (Table 1) and nucleotide sequencing of the S-RNA (Fig. 1), we have identified that the NT-14 virus isolated from pigs is an AKA virus. Serological investigations (Fig. 3) support that infection of AKA virus in pigs is not an accident but the vir ...
... The isolation of AKA virus from pigs. By using SN test (Table 1) and nucleotide sequencing of the S-RNA (Fig. 1), we have identified that the NT-14 virus isolated from pigs is an AKA virus. Serological investigations (Fig. 3) support that infection of AKA virus in pigs is not an accident but the vir ...
Viral infections acquired indoors through airborne, droplet or contact
... Influenza virus infection is one of the most common and highly contagious infectious diseases and can occur in people of any age. The virus, belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae family, can cause mild to severe acute febrile illness, resulting in variable degrees of systemic symptoms, ranging from mild ...
... Influenza virus infection is one of the most common and highly contagious infectious diseases and can occur in people of any age. The virus, belonging to the Orthomyxoviridae family, can cause mild to severe acute febrile illness, resulting in variable degrees of systemic symptoms, ranging from mild ...
... year is typically 5–10%, but may be up to 20% in some years. Influenza is more easily spread where large numbers of people gather together.1 As such, in households and ‘closed’ populations (e.g. aged care facilities), infection rates may be 2–3 times higher.4 The flu is actually very common in healt ...
Title: Hormonal Profiles in sows infected with Atypical Porcine
... flunixin meglumine by Cort N et al 1990 ). Parturition itself is characterized by an increase in an increase in estrogen, rapid fall in progesterone, elevations of prostaglandins and oxytocin and elevations in both maternal and fetal cortisol levels. By manipulating the levels of some of these horm ...
... flunixin meglumine by Cort N et al 1990 ). Parturition itself is characterized by an increase in an increase in estrogen, rapid fall in progesterone, elevations of prostaglandins and oxytocin and elevations in both maternal and fetal cortisol levels. By manipulating the levels of some of these horm ...
Virus survival in the environment
... Orthomyxoviruses, influenza A and B (10 - and 1 0 infectious doses/0.1 ml, respectively) were spread over stainless steel, plastic and absorbent material surfaces (30 to 50 m m ) (4). These objects were subsequently sampled by rubbing with sterile swabs or " c l e a n " fingers. Both influenza A and ...
... Orthomyxoviruses, influenza A and B (10 - and 1 0 infectious doses/0.1 ml, respectively) were spread over stainless steel, plastic and absorbent material surfaces (30 to 50 m m ) (4). These objects were subsequently sampled by rubbing with sterile swabs or " c l e a n " fingers. Both influenza A and ...
Swine influenza
Swine influenza, also called pig influenza, swine flu, hog flu and pig flu, is an infection caused by any one of several types of swine influenza viruses. Swine influenza virus (SIV) or swine-origin influenza virus (S-OIV) is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs. As of 2009, the known SIV strains include influenza C and the subtypes of influenza A known as H1N1, H1N2, H2N1, H3N1, H3N2, and H2N3.Swine influenza virus is common throughout pig populations worldwide. Transmission of the virus from pigs to humans is not common and does not always lead to human flu, often resulting only in the production of antibodies in the blood. If transmission does cause human flu, it is called zoonotic swine flu. People with regular exposure to pigs are at increased risk of swine flu infection.Around the mid-20th century, identification of influenza subtypes became possible, allowing accurate diagnosis of transmission to humans. Since then, only 50 such transmissions have been confirmed. These strains of swine flu rarely pass from human to human. Symptoms of zoonotic swine flu in humans are similar to those of influenza and of influenza-like illness in general, namely chills, fever, sore throat, muscle pains, severe headache, coughing, weakness and general discomfort.In August 2010, the World Health Organization declared the swine flu pandemic officially over.Cases of swine flu have been reported in India, with over 31,156 positive test cases and 1,841 deaths till March 2015.