Document
... (Salmo salar L.), which has had a significant economic impact on salmon farming, in particular in Norway and Chile [1]. The causative agent of the disease, Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV), is an enveloped, negative sense single stranded RNA virus of genus Isavirus, family Orthomyxoviridae [2] ...
... (Salmo salar L.), which has had a significant economic impact on salmon farming, in particular in Norway and Chile [1]. The causative agent of the disease, Infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV), is an enveloped, negative sense single stranded RNA virus of genus Isavirus, family Orthomyxoviridae [2] ...
course requirements
... essential for its own replication and must depend on the host cell in which it is replicating to provide these missing factors. One component missing from all viruses is ATP – generating system. For independent life, a cell must carry out oxidations to provide energy to regenerate those high energy ...
... essential for its own replication and must depend on the host cell in which it is replicating to provide these missing factors. One component missing from all viruses is ATP – generating system. For independent life, a cell must carry out oxidations to provide energy to regenerate those high energy ...
Framework for the surveillance, prevention and control of dengue
... including DENV infection. At the national level, the Commonwealth Department of Health (Health) works to coordinate communicable disease control activities and health emergency responses across the country, and provide public health leadership on matters of national importance. The development of a ...
... including DENV infection. At the national level, the Commonwealth Department of Health (Health) works to coordinate communicable disease control activities and health emergency responses across the country, and provide public health leadership on matters of national importance. The development of a ...
Seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever and lumpy skin disease in
... and some parts of the Middle East, but with increasing potential for global emergence. Wild ruminants, such as the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer), are thought to play a role in the epidemiology of these diseases. This study sought to expand the understanding of the role of buffalo in the maintena ...
... and some parts of the Middle East, but with increasing potential for global emergence. Wild ruminants, such as the African buffalo (Syncerus caffer), are thought to play a role in the epidemiology of these diseases. This study sought to expand the understanding of the role of buffalo in the maintena ...
Molecular Virology: Tables of Antimicrobial Factors
... Tables of Antimicrobial Factors and Microbial Contaminants in Human Milk.................................... 1 Table 1: Antibacterial factors found in human milk.......................................................................... 1 Table 2: Antiviral factors found in human milk................ ...
... Tables of Antimicrobial Factors and Microbial Contaminants in Human Milk.................................... 1 Table 1: Antibacterial factors found in human milk.......................................................................... 1 Table 2: Antiviral factors found in human milk................ ...
Tick-borne encephalitis virus – a review of an emerging
... and is maintained in cycles involving Ixodid ticks (Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus) and wild vertebrate hosts. The virus causes a potentially fatal neurological infection, with thousands of cases reported annually throughout Europe. TBE has a significant mortality rate depending upon the stra ...
... and is maintained in cycles involving Ixodid ticks (Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus) and wild vertebrate hosts. The virus causes a potentially fatal neurological infection, with thousands of cases reported annually throughout Europe. TBE has a significant mortality rate depending upon the stra ...
Dengue Incidence and the Prevention and Control Program in
... population and progressively increased to 361 cases in 100,000 populations in 2014. There were temporary decrease of the incidence rate in 2011 and 2012 to 69.9 and 76 cases per 100,000 populations. Despite the close monitoring and continuous efforts from the Ministry of Health and Municipals to con ...
... population and progressively increased to 361 cases in 100,000 populations in 2014. There were temporary decrease of the incidence rate in 2011 and 2012 to 69.9 and 76 cases per 100,000 populations. Despite the close monitoring and continuous efforts from the Ministry of Health and Municipals to con ...
Document
... 2015; she was free of TB before travelling to Romania. Two further cases are among UK residents who attended the same university: one (case 2) was diagnosed in October 2015 in Romania as a result of contact tracing around case 1, and the other (case 3) was diagnosed in the UK in September 2016 after ...
... 2015; she was free of TB before travelling to Romania. Two further cases are among UK residents who attended the same university: one (case 2) was diagnosed in October 2015 in Romania as a result of contact tracing around case 1, and the other (case 3) was diagnosed in the UK in September 2016 after ...
Are Animal Tumor Viruses Always Virus-Like?
... the hosts bearing the non-infectious tumors (6--8, 15-17). It is thus apparent that in the tumors under discussion, three of the four properties by which tumor viruses are ordinarily detected in the growths they cause are absent and only the i m m u n e response to the virus remains as tangible evid ...
... the hosts bearing the non-infectious tumors (6--8, 15-17). It is thus apparent that in the tumors under discussion, three of the four properties by which tumor viruses are ordinarily detected in the growths they cause are absent and only the i m m u n e response to the virus remains as tangible evid ...
Dengue
... Dengue hemorrhagic fever is also on the rise. Persons who have been infected with one or more forms of dengue virus are at greater risk for the more severe disease. With the increase in all types of virus, the occurrence of dengue hemorrhagic fever becomes more likely. ...
... Dengue hemorrhagic fever is also on the rise. Persons who have been infected with one or more forms of dengue virus are at greater risk for the more severe disease. With the increase in all types of virus, the occurrence of dengue hemorrhagic fever becomes more likely. ...
Rapid Detection of Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV) by
... Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is an acute, highly contagious virus disease of young salmonid fish reared under intensive farming conditions. The virus belongs to a group of bisegmented double-stranded RNA viruses which include the virus of infectious bursal disease of chickens and virus X of ...
... Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is an acute, highly contagious virus disease of young salmonid fish reared under intensive farming conditions. The virus belongs to a group of bisegmented double-stranded RNA viruses which include the virus of infectious bursal disease of chickens and virus X of ...
Introduction Dengue viruses are RNA viruses belong to the family
... Historically, hemagglutination inhibition (HI), complement fixation test (CF) and neutralization tests were used extensively for measuring anti-DENV antibodies. Three main disadvantages of the HI test have limited its wide application. First, tested serum samples must be pretreated with acetone or ...
... Historically, hemagglutination inhibition (HI), complement fixation test (CF) and neutralization tests were used extensively for measuring anti-DENV antibodies. Three main disadvantages of the HI test have limited its wide application. First, tested serum samples must be pretreated with acetone or ...
Isolation and characterization of a rhabdovirus from starry flounder
... (Platichthys stellatus) collected during a viral survey of marine fishes from the northern portion of Puget Sound, Washington, USA, is reported. Virions were bullet-shaped and approximately 100 nm long and 50 nm wide, contained a lipid envelope, remained stable for at least 14 days at temperatures r ...
... (Platichthys stellatus) collected during a viral survey of marine fishes from the northern portion of Puget Sound, Washington, USA, is reported. Virions were bullet-shaped and approximately 100 nm long and 50 nm wide, contained a lipid envelope, remained stable for at least 14 days at temperatures r ...
Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus Infections
... can be transmitted on fomites, particularly those contaminated by blood. Survival is prolonged when viruses are kept at 4°C. In incidental hosts, filoviruses are thought to enter the body mainly through mucous membranes and broken skin. Arthropod-borne transmission is theoretically possible, but mos ...
... can be transmitted on fomites, particularly those contaminated by blood. Survival is prolonged when viruses are kept at 4°C. In incidental hosts, filoviruses are thought to enter the body mainly through mucous membranes and broken skin. Arthropod-borne transmission is theoretically possible, but mos ...
- Wiley Online Library
... among humans in Europe has shown other distinctive characteristics as well: (i) Outbreaks generally occur from July–September at or near wetlands or urban sites. (ii) The most common vectors are mosquitoes of the genus Culex, females of which feed mostly on birds and mammals. (iii) Birds are the pri ...
... among humans in Europe has shown other distinctive characteristics as well: (i) Outbreaks generally occur from July–September at or near wetlands or urban sites. (ii) The most common vectors are mosquitoes of the genus Culex, females of which feed mostly on birds and mammals. (iii) Birds are the pri ...
west nile virus report 2005 - Clark County Health Department
... Japanese encephalitis. The new mosquito record was published in the Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science. In 2005, about 50 Indiana University students collected, sorted and identified almost 25,000 mosquitoes, representing 21 species, taken in the field in Clark, Floyd and Harrison Counti ...
... Japanese encephalitis. The new mosquito record was published in the Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science. In 2005, about 50 Indiana University students collected, sorted and identified almost 25,000 mosquitoes, representing 21 species, taken in the field in Clark, Floyd and Harrison Counti ...
Slow Virus Replication: the Role of Macrophages in the Persistence
... 1976; Dukes et al., 1979; Dawson, 1980; Sheffield et al., 1980) and a visna-like encephalitis-arthritis complex in goats (Cork et al., 1974) was identified on a farm in the United States. A few of these viruses have been isolated and shown to share antigenic determinants with the Icelandic visna-mae ...
... 1976; Dukes et al., 1979; Dawson, 1980; Sheffield et al., 1980) and a visna-like encephalitis-arthritis complex in goats (Cork et al., 1974) was identified on a farm in the United States. A few of these viruses have been isolated and shown to share antigenic determinants with the Icelandic visna-mae ...
Testing Services for Veterinary Vaccines - Sigma
... in CVMP guidelines (Table 1) may include one or more of the following species; bovine, ovine, caprine, porcine, equine, feline, canine, rabbit, rodent and African green monkey (Vero). Potential contaminants specific to avians, fish and insects are detailed on pages 7–11. Cultures are maintained for ...
... in CVMP guidelines (Table 1) may include one or more of the following species; bovine, ovine, caprine, porcine, equine, feline, canine, rabbit, rodent and African green monkey (Vero). Potential contaminants specific to avians, fish and insects are detailed on pages 7–11. Cultures are maintained for ...
Immunity of Mice to Intranasal Infection after Intraperitoneal
... each received0.05 co. of culture diluted 1 : 10, 1 : 100, 1 : 1,000, and 1 : 10,000, respectively. Thus, mice vaccinated with a given concentration of virus were tested for immunity with graded amounts containing from 1 to 10,000 lethal doses of the same strain of virus. Unvaccinated control mice we ...
... each received0.05 co. of culture diluted 1 : 10, 1 : 100, 1 : 1,000, and 1 : 10,000, respectively. Thus, mice vaccinated with a given concentration of virus were tested for immunity with graded amounts containing from 1 to 10,000 lethal doses of the same strain of virus. Unvaccinated control mice we ...
9c5e$$ja36 Black separation
... (figure 2) (G. L. Campbell, Arboviruses Disease Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC; personal communication). This is the first report of a possible extension of the West Virginia endemic focus. Studies have suggested that there may be 3 ...
... (figure 2) (G. L. Campbell, Arboviruses Disease Branch, Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, CDC; personal communication). This is the first report of a possible extension of the West Virginia endemic focus. Studies have suggested that there may be 3 ...
~ IMPACT OF DENGUE/DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER ON THE
... ing to the cities of the region (1). Urban centers in most countries expanded rapidly in an uncontrolled and unplanned fashion. Housing was inadequate, and water, sewer, and waste management systems deteriorated. The Ae. aegypti populations and dengue viruses thrived in this new ecologic setting: tr ...
... ing to the cities of the region (1). Urban centers in most countries expanded rapidly in an uncontrolled and unplanned fashion. Housing was inadequate, and water, sewer, and waste management systems deteriorated. The Ae. aegypti populations and dengue viruses thrived in this new ecologic setting: tr ...
I. Protocol for Approval to use Vaccinia Virus in
... humans: variola virus (causes smallpox in humans only), monkeypox virus and cowpox virus. There are multiple strains of vaccinia virus that have different levels of virulence for humans and animals. “Standard” vaccinia virus was used historically to immunize humans against smallpox, and it is this v ...
... humans: variola virus (causes smallpox in humans only), monkeypox virus and cowpox virus. There are multiple strains of vaccinia virus that have different levels of virulence for humans and animals. “Standard” vaccinia virus was used historically to immunize humans against smallpox, and it is this v ...
Week 45, 6-12 November 2016 CDTR - ECDC
... infection or suggestive of congenital infection have been reported by 26 countries or territories. Brazil reports the highest number of cases. Nineteen countries and territories worldwide have reported an increased incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and/or laboratory confirmation of a Zika v ...
... infection or suggestive of congenital infection have been reported by 26 countries or territories. Brazil reports the highest number of cases. Nineteen countries and territories worldwide have reported an increased incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and/or laboratory confirmation of a Zika v ...
Canine distemper virus in a crab-eating fox
... Increased global urbanization potentially increases contact between wild and domestic animals and increased transmission of infectious diseases. Wild carnivores are of particular concern as they are phylogenetically similar to common domestic species (Cleaveland et al., 2000). In Germany, a higher p ...
... Increased global urbanization potentially increases contact between wild and domestic animals and increased transmission of infectious diseases. Wild carnivores are of particular concern as they are phylogenetically similar to common domestic species (Cleaveland et al., 2000). In Germany, a higher p ...
Vertical Transmission of Nucleopolyhedrovirus in
... 3.6 ⫻ 106 PIBs/larvae and insects allowed to pupate and some left for adult emergence. A PCR assay was used to screen for virus. Primers for the assay had been prepared by sequencing a fragment of DNA from Malacosoma pluviale NPV (MpNPV). Testing of the PCR assay indicated that the primers gave a se ...
... 3.6 ⫻ 106 PIBs/larvae and insects allowed to pupate and some left for adult emergence. A PCR assay was used to screen for virus. Primers for the assay had been prepared by sequencing a fragment of DNA from Malacosoma pluviale NPV (MpNPV). Testing of the PCR assay indicated that the primers gave a se ...
Zika virus
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae virus family and the flavivirus genus. In humans, it causes a disease known as Zika fever. It is related to dengue, yellow fever, West Nile and Japanese encephalitis, viruses that are also members of the virus family Flaviviridae.