Quantities of infectious virus and viral RNA recovered from sheep
... tested in duplicate. Eighty-five per cent of these duplicates fell within a single Ct (Ct is ‘ cycle threshold ’, the first cycle where a sample can be detected as positive). Fifteen per cent of the samples showed more variability. The higher variability in this small percentage of samples was proba ...
... tested in duplicate. Eighty-five per cent of these duplicates fell within a single Ct (Ct is ‘ cycle threshold ’, the first cycle where a sample can be detected as positive). Fifteen per cent of the samples showed more variability. The higher variability in this small percentage of samples was proba ...
Landscape Epidemiology of Vector
... under warm temperatures, because vector populations increase rapidly in abundance and generation times are shortened; blood feeding and oviposition occur more frequently, increasing the frequency of host-vector contact; and rapid pathogen development within the vector shortens the duration of the ex ...
... under warm temperatures, because vector populations increase rapidly in abundance and generation times are shortened; blood feeding and oviposition occur more frequently, increasing the frequency of host-vector contact; and rapid pathogen development within the vector shortens the duration of the ex ...
Climate change impacts on West Nile virus transmission in a global
... West Nile virus is one of more than 70 viruses of the family Flaviviridae of the genus Flavivirus. Serologically, it is a member of the Japanese encephalitis serocomplex. The viruses can be designated into at least five phylogenetic lineages but only lineages 1 and 2 have been associated with signif ...
... West Nile virus is one of more than 70 viruses of the family Flaviviridae of the genus Flavivirus. Serologically, it is a member of the Japanese encephalitis serocomplex. The viruses can be designated into at least five phylogenetic lineages but only lineages 1 and 2 have been associated with signif ...
EVOLUTION AND EMERGENCE OF PLANT VIRUSES
... between biodiversity and disease risk (Keesing et al., 2010). Two major hypotheses, representing extremes of a continuum, relate biodiversity to disease risk. The “Amplification Effect” hypothesis predicts that diversity will be positively correlated with disease risk, as it will result in increased ...
... between biodiversity and disease risk (Keesing et al., 2010). Two major hypotheses, representing extremes of a continuum, relate biodiversity to disease risk. The “Amplification Effect” hypothesis predicts that diversity will be positively correlated with disease risk, as it will result in increased ...
Acute Encephalitis
... Atlantic and gulf coasts and is dependent on a natural cycle between marsh birds and mosquitoes that do not bite large mammals. Only when there are ecological changes in the marsh as well as changes in bird and mosquito populations does the virus spill over into other mosquito species that do bite a ...
... Atlantic and gulf coasts and is dependent on a natural cycle between marsh birds and mosquitoes that do not bite large mammals. Only when there are ecological changes in the marsh as well as changes in bird and mosquito populations does the virus spill over into other mosquito species that do bite a ...
... Atlantic and gulf coasts and is dependent on a natural cycle between marsh birds and mosquitoes that do not bite large mammals. Only when there are ecological changes in the marsh as well as changes in bird and mosquito populations does the virus spill over into other mosquito species that do bite a ...
Haemaphysalis longicornis
... a 7% solution of picaridin offered little or no protection against Aedes mosquitoes (vector of dengue fever) and a protection time of about 2.5 hours against Culex (vector of West Nile virus), while a 15% solution was good for about one hour against Aedes and 4.8 hours against Culex. Natrapel 8 hour ...
... a 7% solution of picaridin offered little or no protection against Aedes mosquitoes (vector of dengue fever) and a protection time of about 2.5 hours against Culex (vector of West Nile virus), while a 15% solution was good for about one hour against Aedes and 4.8 hours against Culex. Natrapel 8 hour ...
Summary of proposed changes, rationale and actions required Agent Approved List
... Lujo virus (LUJV), a new member of the family Arenaviridae and the first hemorrhagic fever–associated arenavirus from the Old World discovered in three decades, was isolated in South Africa during an outbreak of human disease characterized by nosocomial transmission and an unprecedented high case fa ...
... Lujo virus (LUJV), a new member of the family Arenaviridae and the first hemorrhagic fever–associated arenavirus from the Old World discovered in three decades, was isolated in South Africa during an outbreak of human disease characterized by nosocomial transmission and an unprecedented high case fa ...
Lymphocyte function and virus infections
... antibody response in vitro provided that the donors have been primed by diphtheria toxoid immunisation in childhood. The generation of a secondary antibody response in vitro is suppressed by HSV provided the responding cells are infected within 72 hours of antigen stimulation. Delayed infection has ...
... antibody response in vitro provided that the donors have been primed by diphtheria toxoid immunisation in childhood. The generation of a secondary antibody response in vitro is suppressed by HSV provided the responding cells are infected within 72 hours of antigen stimulation. Delayed infection has ...
Egger, JR (2007) Age and clinical dengue illness. Emerging
... consistent with results of earlier studies that suggest that adults are more likely than young children to have clinical dengue (7–9). Several factors should be considered when interpreting these results. First, because dengue virus serotypes l and 2 were circulating in the population during the stu ...
... consistent with results of earlier studies that suggest that adults are more likely than young children to have clinical dengue (7–9). Several factors should be considered when interpreting these results. First, because dengue virus serotypes l and 2 were circulating in the population during the stu ...
Dengue fever - Wikimedia Commons
... The characteristic symptoms of dengue are sudden-onset fever, headache (typically located behind the eyes), muscle and joint pains, and a rash. The alternative name for dengue, "break-bone fever", comes from the associated muscle and joint pains.[7][14] The course of infection is divided into three ...
... The characteristic symptoms of dengue are sudden-onset fever, headache (typically located behind the eyes), muscle and joint pains, and a rash. The alternative name for dengue, "break-bone fever", comes from the associated muscle and joint pains.[7][14] The course of infection is divided into three ...
Novel antibody binding determinants on the capsid surface of
... Five neutralizing antigenic sites have been described for serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses (FMDV) based on monoclonal antibody (mAb) escape mutant studies. However, a mutant virus selected to escape neutralization of mAb binding at all five sites was previously shown to confer complete cros ...
... Five neutralizing antigenic sites have been described for serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses (FMDV) based on monoclonal antibody (mAb) escape mutant studies. However, a mutant virus selected to escape neutralization of mAb binding at all five sites was previously shown to confer complete cros ...
Virus and Viroid Plant Pathogens
... Healthy cells Proteinaceous crystals increase in number & aggregate with some Potyvirus infections ...
... Healthy cells Proteinaceous crystals increase in number & aggregate with some Potyvirus infections ...
Biosafety standards for working with Crimean
... symptoms in need of aerosol- and droplet-producing procedures such as aspiration and intubation. This pragmatic approach reduces full protection to the most severe cases from which nosocomial CCHFV transmission is most probable. Over the years, four doctors and three nurses had contact with infected ...
... symptoms in need of aerosol- and droplet-producing procedures such as aspiration and intubation. This pragmatic approach reduces full protection to the most severe cases from which nosocomial CCHFV transmission is most probable. Over the years, four doctors and three nurses had contact with infected ...
A review on Schmallenberg virus infection: a newly emerging
... SBV has been found in bovine semen. The FLI detected SBV-genome in the semen of 11 bulls with a known SBV-antibody status (FLI 2013a). All samples were investigated with an optimised RNA extraction method and a real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) system developed at the FLI. Whether SBV can be t ...
... SBV has been found in bovine semen. The FLI detected SBV-genome in the semen of 11 bulls with a known SBV-antibody status (FLI 2013a). All samples were investigated with an optimised RNA extraction method and a real-time quantitative RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) system developed at the FLI. Whether SBV can be t ...
THE SUPERINFECTION OF THE RABBIT
... recognizable and diagnostically significant inclusion bodies were employed. The papilloma virus (Shope) (1) was obtained from papillomas that were present on cottontail rabbits (genus, Syldlag~) when they arrived from Kansas, where they had become infected under natural conditions. The Brazilian str ...
... recognizable and diagnostically significant inclusion bodies were employed. The papilloma virus (Shope) (1) was obtained from papillomas that were present on cottontail rabbits (genus, Syldlag~) when they arrived from Kansas, where they had become infected under natural conditions. The Brazilian str ...
West Nile Virus - Nicholas Kurek`s Portfolio
... presents with fever, headache, and nuchal rigidity. WNV encephalitis is a more severe clinical syndrome that usually manifests with fever and altered mental status, seizures, focal neurologic deficits, or movement disorders such as tremor or Parkinsonism. WNV acute flaccid paralysis is usually clini ...
... presents with fever, headache, and nuchal rigidity. WNV encephalitis is a more severe clinical syndrome that usually manifests with fever and altered mental status, seizures, focal neurologic deficits, or movement disorders such as tremor or Parkinsonism. WNV acute flaccid paralysis is usually clini ...
2 Mathematical Model - Online Journal System of KMUTNB
... enters into an acute febrile phase. Here, it will be assumed that there is no differentiation in virus serotypes. So, the cross-protection will not be included into the model. After the illness passes (after 2 to 10 days), the sick person gains permanent immunity to further infection. When an uninfe ...
... enters into an acute febrile phase. Here, it will be assumed that there is no differentiation in virus serotypes. So, the cross-protection will not be included into the model. After the illness passes (after 2 to 10 days), the sick person gains permanent immunity to further infection. When an uninfe ...
Vomiting as a Symptom and Transmission Risk in Norovirus
... Snow Mountain viruses were similar, but the cumulative shedding during Hawaii virus infection was 2–3 logs lower than the other viruses (2.3x105). However, it should be noted that only one subject infected with Hawaii virus had sample volume data available. The relationship between virus titers in e ...
... Snow Mountain viruses were similar, but the cumulative shedding during Hawaii virus infection was 2–3 logs lower than the other viruses (2.3x105). However, it should be noted that only one subject infected with Hawaii virus had sample volume data available. The relationship between virus titers in e ...
View Full Text-PDF
... Dengue fever, also known as break bone fever, is a serious mosquito-borne viral infection affecting tropical and subtropical countries. It is caused by dengue virus belonging to family Flaviviridae, having four serotypes that spread by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. It causes a wide spectrum ...
... Dengue fever, also known as break bone fever, is a serious mosquito-borne viral infection affecting tropical and subtropical countries. It is caused by dengue virus belonging to family Flaviviridae, having four serotypes that spread by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes. It causes a wide spectrum ...
Application of the pseudo-plaque assay for detection and titration of
... Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever Turkey-Kelkit06 stock viruses were titrated by the focus formation assay following the peroxidase–antiperoxidase method described by Okuna et al. with minor modifications (Okuno et al., 1985a, 1985b). Vero E6 or SW13 cells were seeded into 96-well plates (Corning, USA) ...
... Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever Turkey-Kelkit06 stock viruses were titrated by the focus formation assay following the peroxidase–antiperoxidase method described by Okuna et al. with minor modifications (Okuno et al., 1985a, 1985b). Vero E6 or SW13 cells were seeded into 96-well plates (Corning, USA) ...
Biosafety Level 2 - University of Guelph Physics
... The Human Pathogens Importation Regulations (SOR/94-558) are the regulatory authority for facilities wishing to import human pathogens into and transfer of specimens within Canada. Any facility wishing to import human pathogens requiring containment levels 2, 3, or 4 must have a valid Public Health ...
... The Human Pathogens Importation Regulations (SOR/94-558) are the regulatory authority for facilities wishing to import human pathogens into and transfer of specimens within Canada. Any facility wishing to import human pathogens requiring containment levels 2, 3, or 4 must have a valid Public Health ...
Rate of Multiplication in the Mouse Lung of Unadapted and Adapted
... during the first 12 hours may eliminate the lag phase in a single passage. When dilute inocula were used, a disparity between the rates of multiplication of adapted and unadapted lines was noted only during the lag phase. If a selection of variants in the inoculum were to occur as a result of a diff ...
... during the first 12 hours may eliminate the lag phase in a single passage. When dilute inocula were used, a disparity between the rates of multiplication of adapted and unadapted lines was noted only during the lag phase. If a selection of variants in the inoculum were to occur as a result of a diff ...
T - Florida Department of Corrections
... CDC standards must be reported to the Department of Health using the "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Adult Confidential Case Report" form (CDC 50.42A) or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome case report form. A copy of the report form should be filed in the medical record behind “Communicable Dise ...
... CDC standards must be reported to the Department of Health using the "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Adult Confidential Case Report" form (CDC 50.42A) or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome case report form. A copy of the report form should be filed in the medical record behind “Communicable Dise ...
Zika virus
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Flaviviridae virus family and the flavivirus genus. In humans, it causes a disease known as Zika fever. It is related to dengue, yellow fever, West Nile and Japanese encephalitis, viruses that are also members of the virus family Flaviviridae.