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Max Weber
Max Weber

... Weber contended that understanding, or verstehen, was the proper way of studying social phenomena. Derived from the interpretive practice known as hermeneutics, the method of verstehen strives to understand the meanings that human beings attribute to their experiences, interactions, and actions. Web ...
Structuration Theory and Self-Organization
Structuration Theory and Self-Organization

Consequences of Realism for Sociological Theory
Consequences of Realism for Sociological Theory

... the term “meta-theory”, which stands in between a general philosophy of many sciences and a particular science. What needs should such a superstructure of sociology fulfill? I think the following three requirements are crucial: 1. A meta-theory should be as simple and straightforward as possible, wi ...
Chapter 5 Social Structure and Social Interaction
Chapter 5 Social Structure and Social Interaction

... very macro. These building blocks combine to form the social structure. As Chapter 1 "Sociology and the Sociological Perspective" explained, social structure1 refers to the social patterns through which a society is organized and can be horizontal or vertical. To recall, horizontal social structure ...
The unity of knowledge An Interdisciplinary Project
The unity of knowledge An Interdisciplinary Project

... The unity of knowledge is one of the grand ideas of intellectual history and the history of scientific thought. The unity of the world as a unity of the history of nature and mankind is reflected in the constantly growing amount of different sciences that reflect this underlying unity. We are now in ...
Unresolved tensions in sociocultural theory
Unresolved tensions in sociocultural theory

... Learning involves a transformation of the social practices of the entire group, and thus cannot be reduced to an analysis of what any one participant in the group does or knows. Thus sociocultural method focuses on situated social practices, and denies that one can study individuals or social contex ...
1 The Arbitrariness and Normativity of Social Conventions NB
1 The Arbitrariness and Normativity of Social Conventions NB

... Fundamental concepts such as rules, norms or institutions are often treated as primitive terms and used as the unanalysed building blocks of social theory. The focus of this paper – the concept of convention – is no exception in this regard. There are scant explicit references to convention as an an ...
SOC-S - Indiana University Bloomington
SOC-S - Indiana University Bloomington

social change - Achievers IAS
social change - Achievers IAS

... Change is a very broad concept. Though change is all around us, we do not refer to all of it as social change. Thus, physical growth from year to year, or change of seasons do not fall under the concept of social change. In sociology, we look at social change as alterations that occur in the social ...
UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT METHODOLOGY AND PERSPECTIVES OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
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... B) a group of scientists with different specialties work together on a common problem. C) we will never need a unified social science. D) all problems can be solved quickly. Answer: B Ref: 19 Diff: 3 22) Language is important in the communication of social scientific knowledge. Social scientists are ...
A Revised Functionalism in the Sociology of Religion: Mary
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Agency-Structure Relation in Social Sciences
Agency-Structure Relation in Social Sciences

... either individuals (human agency) or society (social forces) that shapes our social reality/social world (Giddens, 1984). This means there is no reductionism in structuration theory. Structuration theory sees agency and structure as complementary forces where structure influences agency and agency i ...
Sociological Theory and Social Control
Sociological Theory and Social Control

... and a concernwhichhas cometo be called "macrosociology." nation-state INTELLECTUAL ...
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The social in social science

... from the researcher. For the time being, we will not challenge this assumption but instead concentrate upon its implications for studying people. The treatment of objects of analysis as separate from the researcher is more problematic in the social sciences. For example, when we study the family, ed ...
SOCIETY IN FOCUS: AN INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY, 5/e
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Competing Explanations of Global Evils: Theodicy, Social Sciences
Competing Explanations of Global Evils: Theodicy, Social Sciences

Investigating social entrepreneurship: A multidimensional
Investigating social entrepreneurship: A multidimensional

... on social entrepreneurship in this domain has mainly conceptualized the construct in terms of individual qualities of leadership. There are a number of approaches to social entrepreneurship in the private NFP domain. In community organizations, social entrepreneurship has been identified as playing ...
exploring the field - Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies
exploring the field - Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies

... of the public towards the unemployed is – to my knowledge – very limited. On the other hand, several studies have attempted in a more indirect manner to interpret current attitudes. Among the few systematic investigations is one by the Swedish sociologists Bengt Furåker and Marianne Blomsterberg on ...
The Uses of Neoliberalism
The Uses of Neoliberalism

Citizenship and Governance in Mercosur
Citizenship and Governance in Mercosur

< 1 ... 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... 71 >

Social Darwinism

Social Darwinism is a modern name given to various theories of society that emerged in the United Kingdom, North America, and Western Europe in the 1870s, which claim to apply biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology and politics. Economically, social Darwinists argue that the strong should see their wealth and power increase while the weak should see their wealth and power decrease. Different social Darwinists have differing views about which groups of people are considered to be the strong and which groups of people are considered to be the weak, and they also hold different opinions about the precise mechanism that should be used to reward strength and punish weakness. Many such views stress competition between individuals in laissez-faire capitalism, while others are claimed to have motivated ideas of eugenics, racism, imperialism, fascism, Nazism, and struggle between national or racial groups.The term social Darwinism gained widespread currency when used after 1944 by opponents of these earlier concepts. The majority of those who have been categorised as social Darwinists, did not identify themselves by such a label.Creationists have often maintained that social Darwinism—leading to policies designed to reward the most competitive—is a logical consequence of ""Darwinism"" (the theory of natural selection in biology). Biologists and historians have stated that this is a fallacy of appeal to nature, since the theory of natural selection is merely intended as a description of a biological phenomenon and should not be taken to imply that this phenomenon is good or that it ought to be used as a moral guide in human society. While most scholars recognize some historical links between the popularisation of Darwin's theory and forms of social Darwinism, they also maintain that social Darwinism is not a necessary consequence of the principles of biological evolution.Scholars debate the extent to which the various social Darwinist ideologies reflect Charles Darwin's own views on human social and economic issues. His writings have passages that can be interpreted as opposing aggressive individualism, while other passages appear to promote it. Some scholars argue that Darwin's view gradually changed and came to incorporate views from the leading social interpreters of his theory such as Herbert Spencer. But Spencer's Lamarckian evolutionary ideas about society were published before Darwin first published his theory, and both promoted their own conceptions of moral values. Spencer supported laissez-faire capitalism on the basis of his Lamarckian belief that struggle for survival spurred self-improvement which could be inherited.
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