Ice core evidence of the last 400,000 years
... Introduction: Ice cores contain an abundance of climate information --more so than any other natural recorder of climate such as tree rings or sediment layers. An ice core from the right site can contain an uninterrupted, detailed climate record extending back hundreds of thousands of years. This re ...
... Introduction: Ice cores contain an abundance of climate information --more so than any other natural recorder of climate such as tree rings or sediment layers. An ice core from the right site can contain an uninterrupted, detailed climate record extending back hundreds of thousands of years. This re ...
Recent changes in freezing level heights in the Tropics with
... Quelccaya Ice Cap, the largest ice cap in the Tropics (13° 55.70S, 70° 49.300W). These reveal the frequent occurrence of daily maximum temperatures above freezing during the period from September – May each year (Figure 4, top). (Sensors were ventilated by drawing air across them for two minutes pri ...
... Quelccaya Ice Cap, the largest ice cap in the Tropics (13° 55.70S, 70° 49.300W). These reveal the frequent occurrence of daily maximum temperatures above freezing during the period from September – May each year (Figure 4, top). (Sensors were ventilated by drawing air across them for two minutes pri ...
powerpoint presentation
... Climate forcing External forcing for earth’s climate includes earth orbit parameters (solar distance factors) solar luminosity moon orbit volcanoes and other geothermal sources tectonics (plate motion) greenhouse gases (to the extent that they are not part of the climate system itself) land surface ...
... Climate forcing External forcing for earth’s climate includes earth orbit parameters (solar distance factors) solar luminosity moon orbit volcanoes and other geothermal sources tectonics (plate motion) greenhouse gases (to the extent that they are not part of the climate system itself) land surface ...
Comment by: Patrick J. Michaels and Paul C. Knappenberger
... The IWG2010 notes (p.14) that the calibrated Roe and Baker distribution better reflects the IPCC judgment that “values substantially higher than 4.5°C still cannot be excluded.” The IWG2010 further notes that “Although the IPCC made no quantitative judgment, the 95th percentile of the calibrated Ro ...
... The IWG2010 notes (p.14) that the calibrated Roe and Baker distribution better reflects the IPCC judgment that “values substantially higher than 4.5°C still cannot be excluded.” The IWG2010 further notes that “Although the IPCC made no quantitative judgment, the 95th percentile of the calibrated Ro ...
PNUD MCTI - Sumário Executivo_inglês.indd - Sirene
... nitrous oxide) have been increasing significantly because of human-induced activities initiated around 1750. Such activities include, primarily, fossil fuel combustion, land-use changes (in the case of concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) and agriculture (in the case of methane and nit ...
... nitrous oxide) have been increasing significantly because of human-induced activities initiated around 1750. Such activities include, primarily, fossil fuel combustion, land-use changes (in the case of concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) and agriculture (in the case of methane and nit ...
Impact of large-scale environmental features changes on host
... another hand favor the strains that perform best under the new conditions. ...
... another hand favor the strains that perform best under the new conditions. ...
NAME - UW Atmospheric Sciences
... Other Sources may contribute 2:1 for a potential total of US $45M. The LPB (former PLATIN) group had the responsibility of planning the Program component related with the prediction of hydrological impacts due climate variability and change. The plan includes (including development of climate and hy ...
... Other Sources may contribute 2:1 for a potential total of US $45M. The LPB (former PLATIN) group had the responsibility of planning the Program component related with the prediction of hydrological impacts due climate variability and change. The plan includes (including development of climate and hy ...
Your Future Your Say
... the class can actually do. For example, at the global level the suggested action might be to participate in Earth Hour, the world’s largest mass participation event, and send a message with the simple act of turning out the lights for one hour that the citizens of the planet demand commitment to act ...
... the class can actually do. For example, at the global level the suggested action might be to participate in Earth Hour, the world’s largest mass participation event, and send a message with the simple act of turning out the lights for one hour that the citizens of the planet demand commitment to act ...
LEIF CHRISTIAN STIGE, Dr. scient.
... Population dynamics – mainly in marine systems – using statistical approaches to deduce the underlying processes. The recent work has mainly focused on the fluctuations of zooplankton and fish in the Barents Sea, to understand how climate affects the populations and assess the likely effects of poss ...
... Population dynamics – mainly in marine systems – using statistical approaches to deduce the underlying processes. The recent work has mainly focused on the fluctuations of zooplankton and fish in the Barents Sea, to understand how climate affects the populations and assess the likely effects of poss ...
EEAEU activities on climate change impacts, vulnerability and
... by further promoting adaptation in key vulnerable sectors such as agriculture, fisheries and cohesion policy, ensuring that Europe's infrastructure is made more resilient, and promoting the use of insurance against natural and manmade disasters. ...
... by further promoting adaptation in key vulnerable sectors such as agriculture, fisheries and cohesion policy, ensuring that Europe's infrastructure is made more resilient, and promoting the use of insurance against natural and manmade disasters. ...
individual perceptions of climate risks
... alerting them of the need to better understand and prepare for climate risks. These events triggered AXA to intensify its research and modeling work on extreme weather events, a difficult task due to a lack of available data and the resulting high degree of uncertainty. The first impact studies were ...
... alerting them of the need to better understand and prepare for climate risks. These events triggered AXA to intensify its research and modeling work on extreme weather events, a difficult task due to a lack of available data and the resulting high degree of uncertainty. The first impact studies were ...
CULTURAL THEORY, CLIMATE CHANGE AND CLUMSINESS
... this concerns human society or the natural world, this story urges us to think of Planet Earth as a single living entity. Environmental degradation, then, is also an attack on human wellbeing. Humans, so the argument goes, have, until now, successfully deluded themselves that they can live apart fro ...
... this concerns human society or the natural world, this story urges us to think of Planet Earth as a single living entity. Environmental degradation, then, is also an attack on human wellbeing. Humans, so the argument goes, have, until now, successfully deluded themselves that they can live apart fro ...
Polycentric systems for coping with collective action and
... hits right at the dilemma facing all inhabitants of the world. To solve climate change in the long run, the day-to-day activities of individuals, families, firms, communities, and governments at multiple levels must change substantially. Many who need to change their behavior, however, have not yet a ...
... hits right at the dilemma facing all inhabitants of the world. To solve climate change in the long run, the day-to-day activities of individuals, families, firms, communities, and governments at multiple levels must change substantially. Many who need to change their behavior, however, have not yet a ...
connell_ukcip - Global Change System for Analysis, Research
... • Examine individual ensemble members to understand natural climate variability* vs. human-induced climate change • For temperature, human effect dominates • For precipitation, 2020s, intra-ensemble range ensemble mean change ...
... • Examine individual ensemble members to understand natural climate variability* vs. human-induced climate change • For temperature, human effect dominates • For precipitation, 2020s, intra-ensemble range ensemble mean change ...
Debates over the new climate change agreement By Meena
... account that economic and social development and poverty eradication are the first and overriding priorities of the developing country Parties”. Most developing countries are opposed to the approach of developed countries and do not want a re-categorisation of countries. They do not want a re-writi ...
... account that economic and social development and poverty eradication are the first and overriding priorities of the developing country Parties”. Most developing countries are opposed to the approach of developed countries and do not want a re-categorisation of countries. They do not want a re-writi ...
ACTSA Briefing paper_Climate change in southern
... further aggravated by climate variability and climate change. With a temperature rise of four degrees, some projections show that an increase in droughts across Africa may cause a fall in harvests of roughly 15 - 35 percent, in stark contrast to an average global decline of 10 percent, according to ...
... further aggravated by climate variability and climate change. With a temperature rise of four degrees, some projections show that an increase in droughts across Africa may cause a fall in harvests of roughly 15 - 35 percent, in stark contrast to an average global decline of 10 percent, according to ...
The National Audubon User`s Guide for "Global Warming Solutions"
... Slide: IPCC 2007 Report TALKING POINTS: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has released several reports detailing advances in the understanding of the science, impacts, and policy implications of climate change. The IPCC reported that it is “very likely” (>90 percent) that heat-trapping e ...
... Slide: IPCC 2007 Report TALKING POINTS: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has released several reports detailing advances in the understanding of the science, impacts, and policy implications of climate change. The IPCC reported that it is “very likely” (>90 percent) that heat-trapping e ...
Risks from Climate Feedbacks
... how much methane could be released from the ESAS as it is not known how the hydrates are structured within the seabed or how the seabed will warm.17 Once released, it is also unknown how much methane will reach the atmosphere as some methane may dissolve in the seawater. It is highly uncertain wheth ...
... how much methane could be released from the ESAS as it is not known how the hydrates are structured within the seabed or how the seabed will warm.17 Once released, it is also unknown how much methane will reach the atmosphere as some methane may dissolve in the seawater. It is highly uncertain wheth ...
The international cooperation of IGOs in environment
... Deforestation – eradication of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use. It is a contributor to global warming and is often cited as one of the major causes of the enhanced greenhouse effect, it also reduces soil cohesion, so that erosion, flooding and la ...
... Deforestation – eradication of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use. It is a contributor to global warming and is often cited as one of the major causes of the enhanced greenhouse effect, it also reduces soil cohesion, so that erosion, flooding and la ...
L I V E L I H O O D
... Direct impacts include those due to changes in exposure to weather extremes (heat waves, winter cold); increases in other extreme weather events (floods, cyclones, storm-surges, droughts); and increased production of air pollutants and aeroallergens (spores and moulds). Additionally - vector-borne ...
... Direct impacts include those due to changes in exposure to weather extremes (heat waves, winter cold); increases in other extreme weather events (floods, cyclones, storm-surges, droughts); and increased production of air pollutants and aeroallergens (spores and moulds). Additionally - vector-borne ...
Implications of land use change in tropical northern Africa under
... of the desert area is determined by the dynamic vegetation model of JSBACH based on a function of the annual maximum filling of the green carbon pools, which are finally driven by atmospheric CO2 , temperature, and precipitation. The desert fraction increases unless the green pools are filled to max ...
... of the desert area is determined by the dynamic vegetation model of JSBACH based on a function of the annual maximum filling of the green carbon pools, which are finally driven by atmospheric CO2 , temperature, and precipitation. The desert fraction increases unless the green pools are filled to max ...
Sierra Leone Government GOVERNMENT OF SIERRA LEONE
... article 4 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Moreover, decision 5th of the 7th Conference of the Parties (5/CP.7) recognizes that LDCs do not have the necessary means to deal with problems associated with adaptation to climate change. Finally, Decision 28/CP.7 set ...
... article 4 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Moreover, decision 5th of the 7th Conference of the Parties (5/CP.7) recognizes that LDCs do not have the necessary means to deal with problems associated with adaptation to climate change. Finally, Decision 28/CP.7 set ...
Future Climate in the Yellowstone National Park Region and Its
... and today are delimited by sharp boundaries. These differences are a local manifestation of two climate regimes that characterize the seasonal pattern of precipitation in the western U.S. (Tang & Reiter 1984; Mock 1996). The contrast between these regimes was more intense at times in the past when t ...
... and today are delimited by sharp boundaries. These differences are a local manifestation of two climate regimes that characterize the seasonal pattern of precipitation in the western U.S. (Tang & Reiter 1984; Mock 1996). The contrast between these regimes was more intense at times in the past when t ...
Week 7, Part 2 - Atmospheric Sciences at UNBC
... • In addition to temperature changes, the patterns of precipitation would undoubtedly change annual totals would likely increase over the arctic mainland, although current regional projections are again quite variable between models. • Increase of 10 to 50% in summer and as much as 60% in winter ma ...
... • In addition to temperature changes, the patterns of precipitation would undoubtedly change annual totals would likely increase over the arctic mainland, although current regional projections are again quite variable between models. • Increase of 10 to 50% in summer and as much as 60% in winter ma ...
James Hurrell*1, Gerald A. Meehl1, David Bader2
... The global coupled atmosphere-ocean-land-cryosphere system exhibits a wide range of physical and dynamical phenomena with associated physical, biological and chemical feedbacks that collectively result in a continuum of temporal and spatial variability. The traditional boundaries between weather and ...
... The global coupled atmosphere-ocean-land-cryosphere system exhibits a wide range of physical and dynamical phenomena with associated physical, biological and chemical feedbacks that collectively result in a continuum of temporal and spatial variability. The traditional boundaries between weather and ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).