occasional paper 9 - Ontario Centre for Climate Impacts and
... suitable for analysis of extremes is the single biggest obstacle to quantifying whether extreme events have changed over the twentieth century, either worldwide or on regional scales (Easterling et al. 1999). What is known from trend analyses of the instrumented climate records globally is that ther ...
... suitable for analysis of extremes is the single biggest obstacle to quantifying whether extreme events have changed over the twentieth century, either worldwide or on regional scales (Easterling et al. 1999). What is known from trend analyses of the instrumented climate records globally is that ther ...
The pathological history of weather and climate
... rain (1871), in which he contended that rain followed artillery engagements—usually within several days. The following year Congress authorized $2,500 to test his plan under the direction of the secretaries of war and the navy.10 Observers hastened to point out that the connection was an ancient one ...
... rain (1871), in which he contended that rain followed artillery engagements—usually within several days. The following year Congress authorized $2,500 to test his plan under the direction of the secretaries of war and the navy.10 Observers hastened to point out that the connection was an ancient one ...
Journal of the North American Benthological Society
... decision to reduce water flows in the basin by 25%. That action was taken after the National Research Council had concluded that scientific information was insufficient to justify earlier agency decisions to require higher water flows in implementing Endangered Species Act requirements. Scientists c ...
... decision to reduce water flows in the basin by 25%. That action was taken after the National Research Council had concluded that scientific information was insufficient to justify earlier agency decisions to require higher water flows in implementing Endangered Species Act requirements. Scientists c ...
Click to edit Master title style Master title style
... “The ultimate objective of this Convention and any related legal instruments that the Conference of the Parties may adopt is to achieve, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent danger ...
... “The ultimate objective of this Convention and any related legal instruments that the Conference of the Parties may adopt is to achieve, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent danger ...
The Economics of Climate Change in East Asia
... The views expressed in this document are those of the author, and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this document, and accept no ...
... The views expressed in this document are those of the author, and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), its Board of Directors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this document, and accept no ...
Curriculum Vitae: Lisa Goddard
... temperatures over the eastern United States during the 2002/03 El Niño. J. Climate, 19: 5624-5636. Goddard, L. and M. Dilley, 2006. Reply to Comments on “El Niño: Catastrophe or Opportunity”. J. Climate, 19: 6443–6445. Greene, A.M., L. Goddard, and U. Lall. 2006. Probabilistic multimodel regional te ...
... temperatures over the eastern United States during the 2002/03 El Niño. J. Climate, 19: 5624-5636. Goddard, L. and M. Dilley, 2006. Reply to Comments on “El Niño: Catastrophe or Opportunity”. J. Climate, 19: 6443–6445. Greene, A.M., L. Goddard, and U. Lall. 2006. Probabilistic multimodel regional te ...
Tropical vs. extratropical terrestrial CO2 uptake and implications for
... IPCC AR5 (2013) used ocean inversion and pCO2 methods only GCP 2014 uses same three methods and time period as AR4 ...
... IPCC AR5 (2013) used ocean inversion and pCO2 methods only GCP 2014 uses same three methods and time period as AR4 ...
CI`s COP21 press kit here
... We know that our climate is rapidly changing and that many of these changes, like warmer temperatures and rising seas, are already apparent and having significant impacts on communities worldwide. Scientists at Conservation International have been studying how climate change will affect our lives an ...
... We know that our climate is rapidly changing and that many of these changes, like warmer temperatures and rising seas, are already apparent and having significant impacts on communities worldwide. Scientists at Conservation International have been studying how climate change will affect our lives an ...
md462E
... Climate change and climate variability have put the countries in the Near East region (RNE), where scarce natural resources are already under considerable pressure at significant risk. RNE, one of the driest regions in the world, is vulnerable to extreme climatic events such as droughts, floods, sea ...
... Climate change and climate variability have put the countries in the Near East region (RNE), where scarce natural resources are already under considerable pressure at significant risk. RNE, one of the driest regions in the world, is vulnerable to extreme climatic events such as droughts, floods, sea ...
PDF
... Figure 1 Factors influencing the farmers’ decision making The expected climate changes will alter regional agricultural systems with consequences for economic and social welfare. The specifics of the impact will depend on how the effects of climate translate into the factors that determine the compe ...
... Figure 1 Factors influencing the farmers’ decision making The expected climate changes will alter regional agricultural systems with consequences for economic and social welfare. The specifics of the impact will depend on how the effects of climate translate into the factors that determine the compe ...
Effects of global climate change on agriculture: an
... agencies and others regarding the potential effects of climate change on agricultural productivity. Interest in this issue has motivated a substantial body of research on climate change and agriculture over the past decade. Climate change is expected to influence crop and livestock production, hydro ...
... agencies and others regarding the potential effects of climate change on agricultural productivity. Interest in this issue has motivated a substantial body of research on climate change and agriculture over the past decade. Climate change is expected to influence crop and livestock production, hydro ...
Burlando-Rosso_Extreme storm rainfall and climatic change
... of global change on hydrological systems can be grouped into three approaches: ( 1 ) the direct use of General Circulation Models (GCMs); (2) the use of paleoclimate analogues; and (3) the analysis of recent climate analogues. Because several things limit the usefulness of paleoctimatic scenarios (i ...
... of global change on hydrological systems can be grouped into three approaches: ( 1 ) the direct use of General Circulation Models (GCMs); (2) the use of paleoclimate analogues; and (3) the analysis of recent climate analogues. Because several things limit the usefulness of paleoctimatic scenarios (i ...
Probable maximum precipitation and climate change
... was not considered to have a robust theoretical basis. Instead, the lengthy and numerous data records of precipitation have been used to identify historical extreme observed storm precipitation (Pstorm). Pstorm values serve as indirect measures of maximum low-level moisture convergence and persisten ...
... was not considered to have a robust theoretical basis. Instead, the lengthy and numerous data records of precipitation have been used to identify historical extreme observed storm precipitation (Pstorm). Pstorm values serve as indirect measures of maximum low-level moisture convergence and persisten ...
Primar y E duc ation Sect
... Climate change (CC) is one of the most critical issues facing the world today and could potentially cause massive and irreversible damage to the global environment and human society. With changing climatic conditions, small islands are particularly at risk from increasingly unpredictable weather and ...
... Climate change (CC) is one of the most critical issues facing the world today and could potentially cause massive and irreversible damage to the global environment and human society. With changing climatic conditions, small islands are particularly at risk from increasingly unpredictable weather and ...
PDF
... reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
... reserved. Readers may make verbatim copies of this document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ...
Evolutionary and plastic responses of freshwater invertebrates to
... 2005) and may not provide the means for populations to continually track changing climatic conditions, for which evolutionary responses are required (Phillimore et al. 2010; Donnelly et al. 2012; Meril€a 2012). The in situ persistence of populations under climate change may not only require thermal ...
... 2005) and may not provide the means for populations to continually track changing climatic conditions, for which evolutionary responses are required (Phillimore et al. 2010; Donnelly et al. 2012; Meril€a 2012). The in situ persistence of populations under climate change may not only require thermal ...
Dawson et al. 2011
... climate change to be faced varies widely among species. However, exposure is only one of many factors determining the impacts of climate change. Assessment of vulnerability must also include climate sensitivity and adaptive capacity (5) (Box 1). Complementary methodologies are available that tell us ...
... climate change to be faced varies widely among species. However, exposure is only one of many factors determining the impacts of climate change. Assessment of vulnerability must also include climate sensitivity and adaptive capacity (5) (Box 1). Complementary methodologies are available that tell us ...
The UNFCCC process and National GHG inventories
... level of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Likewise, although within different processes these inventories are submitted to and assessed internationally through specific Convention mechanisms. The presentation discusses different requirements for developed, Annex I, and developing, non-Annex I, partie ...
... level of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG). Likewise, although within different processes these inventories are submitted to and assessed internationally through specific Convention mechanisms. The presentation discusses different requirements for developed, Annex I, and developing, non-Annex I, partie ...
A RICARDIAN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
... two-season specification to the four-season specification revealed that only a few climate coefficients in the four-season model were significant. The twoseason specification appeared to capture the important seasonal effects of climate. In the next specification, we tested whether climate interacti ...
... two-season specification to the four-season specification revealed that only a few climate coefficients in the four-season model were significant. The twoseason specification appeared to capture the important seasonal effects of climate. In the next specification, we tested whether climate interacti ...
ECMWF`s activities in atmospheric composition and climate
... MACC-II is the third in a series of FP6 & 7 EU projects (since 2005). It is coordinated by ECMWF and the consortium comprises 36 partners from 13 countries. It runs till July 2014, when GMES operations are expected to start. ...
... MACC-II is the third in a series of FP6 & 7 EU projects (since 2005). It is coordinated by ECMWF and the consortium comprises 36 partners from 13 countries. It runs till July 2014, when GMES operations are expected to start. ...
The Environment
... • Examined abstracts of 14,000 papers on climate. • Did not interview authors. • Selected 2,000 which addressed climate change. ...
... • Examined abstracts of 14,000 papers on climate. • Did not interview authors. • Selected 2,000 which addressed climate change. ...
Flawed Logic
... Forests only take up a limited amount of carbon over long periods of time Proponents of forest offsets often suggest that trees could actually replace a substantial part of the carbon that is released by burning fossil fuels. This claim, however, is not backed by climate science. Carbon dioxide emi ...
... Forests only take up a limited amount of carbon over long periods of time Proponents of forest offsets often suggest that trees could actually replace a substantial part of the carbon that is released by burning fossil fuels. This claim, however, is not backed by climate science. Carbon dioxide emi ...
Tourism feels the heat of global warming
... Apart from aviation, the booming cruise-ship industry has also come under fire. Cruise ships that can carry up to 5,000 tourists are not only notorious for generating tremendous amounts of waste and sewage but also rank among the biggest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions within the travel an ...
... Apart from aviation, the booming cruise-ship industry has also come under fire. Cruise ships that can carry up to 5,000 tourists are not only notorious for generating tremendous amounts of waste and sewage but also rank among the biggest contributors to greenhouse gas emissions within the travel an ...
McCarty, 2001. Ecological consequences of recent climate change.
... 1980s (Dunn & Winkler 1999). This example emphasizes that phenological changes within a species influenced by local conditions can produce patterns at continental scale. Long-term data on the timing of bird migration is also available. In New York, records of spring arrival for 76 species of migrati ...
... 1980s (Dunn & Winkler 1999). This example emphasizes that phenological changes within a species influenced by local conditions can produce patterns at continental scale. Long-term data on the timing of bird migration is also available. In New York, records of spring arrival for 76 species of migrati ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).