How Does a Regional Climate Model Modify the Projected Climate
... The historical experiment of MPI-ESM started in 1850 from a pre-industrial control simulation with a total length of 1,000 years with prescribed constant natural climate forcing. Starting from three different years of the pre-industrial control run, three realizations were integrated from 1850–2005 ...
... The historical experiment of MPI-ESM started in 1850 from a pre-industrial control simulation with a total length of 1,000 years with prescribed constant natural climate forcing. Starting from three different years of the pre-industrial control run, three realizations were integrated from 1850–2005 ...
Managing Climate Change Risk in Coastal Canadian Communities
... to support insurability. Without these investments and a risk-averse culture, insurability can become an issue in certain regions, such as those that experience frequent and severe losses and where there continues to be development in high-risk areas. It is important to note that in Canada, coastal ...
... to support insurability. Without these investments and a risk-averse culture, insurability can become an issue in certain regions, such as those that experience frequent and severe losses and where there continues to be development in high-risk areas. It is important to note that in Canada, coastal ...
Climate Change Content and Green Initiatives in Canadian Schools
... The facts of climate change are no longer in dispute. The United Nations International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has concluded that there is a very high likelihood that climate change is caused by human activity. The IPCC shared the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize for its work with Al Gore (IPCC, 2007). ...
... The facts of climate change are no longer in dispute. The United Nations International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has concluded that there is a very high likelihood that climate change is caused by human activity. The IPCC shared the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize for its work with Al Gore (IPCC, 2007). ...
Population Growth, Urbanization, and Future Wildfire Risks W
... Bistinas et al. 2014; Syphard et al. 2007). Therefore, predictions of future wildfires risks need to systematically account for the effects of trends in climate conditions, CO2 concentration and fertilization, as well as future population growth and their spatial distribution. However, there little ...
... Bistinas et al. 2014; Syphard et al. 2007). Therefore, predictions of future wildfires risks need to systematically account for the effects of trends in climate conditions, CO2 concentration and fertilization, as well as future population growth and their spatial distribution. However, there little ...
Phase relationships between Antarctic and Greenland
... kyr, with a maximum at 6 kyr years. Hence, the combination of PCs 3 and 4 is comparable to a broad band-pass filtered version of the original time series that excludes both low (orbital) frequencies and high (D-O) frequencies. SSA of the GISP2 data also reveals significant oscillatory components wi ...
... kyr, with a maximum at 6 kyr years. Hence, the combination of PCs 3 and 4 is comparable to a broad band-pass filtered version of the original time series that excludes both low (orbital) frequencies and high (D-O) frequencies. SSA of the GISP2 data also reveals significant oscillatory components wi ...
A Framework for Assessing the Vulnerability of Communities in the
... activities in response to lowering water levels in lakes and rivers, which have made traditional hunting grounds increasingly inaccessible (Fox, 2002). Inuit in the Nunavik region of northern Quebec have had to make similar adjustments in response to the increasing unpredictability of the weather an ...
... activities in response to lowering water levels in lakes and rivers, which have made traditional hunting grounds increasingly inaccessible (Fox, 2002). Inuit in the Nunavik region of northern Quebec have had to make similar adjustments in response to the increasing unpredictability of the weather an ...
The challenges of building cosmopolitan climate expertise
... skeleton agreement for the FCCC. Its second report helped to catalyze the negotiations that finally resulted in the Kyoto Protocol of 1997. In 2007, climate change became a priority political issue in many industrialized countries, and the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded jointly to the IPCC and former ...
... skeleton agreement for the FCCC. Its second report helped to catalyze the negotiations that finally resulted in the Kyoto Protocol of 1997. In 2007, climate change became a priority political issue in many industrialized countries, and the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded jointly to the IPCC and former ...
Internal and forced climate variability during the last millennium: a
... ageostrophic terms, the simulation of the Hadley circulation is considerably improved, resulting in a drastic improvement of the strength and position of the jet stream and transient eddy activity. The model contains a full hydrological cycle that is closed over land by a bucket model for soil moist ...
... ageostrophic terms, the simulation of the Hadley circulation is considerably improved, resulting in a drastic improvement of the strength and position of the jet stream and transient eddy activity. The model contains a full hydrological cycle that is closed over land by a bucket model for soil moist ...
Introduction - the United Nations
... Climate change threatens subsistence fishing in a number of ways. Rising sea surface temperatures can lead to coral bleaching, while the absorption of CO2 by the ocean causes it to become more acidic. Taken together, these two problems could lead to the collapse of entire reef ecosystems, thus limit ...
... Climate change threatens subsistence fishing in a number of ways. Rising sea surface temperatures can lead to coral bleaching, while the absorption of CO2 by the ocean causes it to become more acidic. Taken together, these two problems could lead to the collapse of entire reef ecosystems, thus limit ...
G8 Impact on International Climate Change Negotiations – Good or
... G8 to recognise that the rise in overall global warming must be kept well below 2 degrees Celsius in comparison to pre-industrial levels. Arguing that, with only 14 percent of the world’s population, the G8 are responsible for 47 percent of the carbon dioxide emissions, national science academies al ...
... G8 to recognise that the rise in overall global warming must be kept well below 2 degrees Celsius in comparison to pre-industrial levels. Arguing that, with only 14 percent of the world’s population, the G8 are responsible for 47 percent of the carbon dioxide emissions, national science academies al ...
Balance as bias: global warming and the US prestige press
... When we use the term ‘bias’ we are instead referring to informational bias, which Entman (1989, p. 48) suggests is the ‘‘joint product of internalized professional values and of newsgathering routines.’’ This leads to distorted news, and, in fact, Gans (1979, pp. 304–305) equates bias loosely with ‘ ...
... When we use the term ‘bias’ we are instead referring to informational bias, which Entman (1989, p. 48) suggests is the ‘‘joint product of internalized professional values and of newsgathering routines.’’ This leads to distorted news, and, in fact, Gans (1979, pp. 304–305) equates bias loosely with ‘ ...
coping with climate change: the importance of genetic resources for
... declined.3 This may give rise to the need to adjust breeding goals or for breed or species substitution. Ecological dynamics and equilibriums are likely to be affected. Potential consequences include asynchrony between pollinators and crop flowering, enhanced pathways for invasive alien species, and ...
... declined.3 This may give rise to the need to adjust breeding goals or for breed or species substitution. Ecological dynamics and equilibriums are likely to be affected. Potential consequences include asynchrony between pollinators and crop flowering, enhanced pathways for invasive alien species, and ...
Conference Report Fossil Fuels and Ethical Investment
... energy from its use. The harnessing of energy (from whatever source) lies at the centre of the economic system. Many industries – and therefore much of the economy – are heavily reliant on fossil fuels as an energy source. The need to decarbonise the energy sector has considerable implications for i ...
... energy from its use. The harnessing of energy (from whatever source) lies at the centre of the economic system. Many industries – and therefore much of the economy – are heavily reliant on fossil fuels as an energy source. The need to decarbonise the energy sector has considerable implications for i ...
CONTOH
... Poverty level and local culture highly affecting the community’s adaptive capacity Residential development pattern often move ...
... Poverty level and local culture highly affecting the community’s adaptive capacity Residential development pattern often move ...
full publication
... UK daily and weekly press and magazines, about 40 television and radio advertisements and news clips, and 30 press advertisments. It also analysed around 20 websites. These included the websites of the Government’s Climate Challenge campaign (www.climatechallenge.gov.uk), the Energy Saving Trust (ww ...
... UK daily and weekly press and magazines, about 40 television and radio advertisements and news clips, and 30 press advertisments. It also analysed around 20 websites. These included the websites of the Government’s Climate Challenge campaign (www.climatechallenge.gov.uk), the Energy Saving Trust (ww ...
Public Perception of Climate Change in a Period of Economic Crisis
... Do you think that Greece will be affected by extreme weather events such as floods or droughts? Do you think that Greece will be affected by a sea level rise? Do you think that Greece will be affected by a reduction in arable land or desertification? Do you think that Greece will be affected by a de ...
... Do you think that Greece will be affected by extreme weather events such as floods or droughts? Do you think that Greece will be affected by a sea level rise? Do you think that Greece will be affected by a reduction in arable land or desertification? Do you think that Greece will be affected by a de ...
Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of Earth`s
... Both sides have to resign with facts from last 100 years average temperature data and other well-forwarming measurements. So, no one deny some kind of warming just argue about reasons for it. One side invoke incredibly fast growth of mankind during the last century with all following consequences, a ...
... Both sides have to resign with facts from last 100 years average temperature data and other well-forwarming measurements. So, no one deny some kind of warming just argue about reasons for it. One side invoke incredibly fast growth of mankind during the last century with all following consequences, a ...
Changes in terrestrial aridity for the period 850–2080 from the
... decrease in P/PET (i.e., a drier terrestrial climate) by ~3.4%/°C ocean mean surface temperature increase. Other studies also show a 21st century drying [Cook et al., 2014; Scheff and Frierson, 2015] and dryland expansion [Huang et al., 2016]. The predicted changes in near-surface relative humidity ...
... decrease in P/PET (i.e., a drier terrestrial climate) by ~3.4%/°C ocean mean surface temperature increase. Other studies also show a 21st century drying [Cook et al., 2014; Scheff and Frierson, 2015] and dryland expansion [Huang et al., 2016]. The predicted changes in near-surface relative humidity ...
Combating Climate Change – A Role for UK
... achieved by increasing the rates at which the gases are removed from the atmosphere through biological uptake. In its White Paper, the UK Low Carbon Transition Plan (2009), the Government identified woodland creation as a cost-effective way of fighting climate change and recognised the urgency of ac ...
... achieved by increasing the rates at which the gases are removed from the atmosphere through biological uptake. In its White Paper, the UK Low Carbon Transition Plan (2009), the Government identified woodland creation as a cost-effective way of fighting climate change and recognised the urgency of ac ...
Changes in Surface Water Supply Across Africa with Predicted
... We first make use of the results of the climate change assessment project for Africa by the Climate System Analysis Group (CSAG) based in Cape Town, South Africa (14). This Group uses results from six Global Circulation Models (GCM) to assess the projected changes in mean annual rainfall across Afri ...
... We first make use of the results of the climate change assessment project for Africa by the Climate System Analysis Group (CSAG) based in Cape Town, South Africa (14). This Group uses results from six Global Circulation Models (GCM) to assess the projected changes in mean annual rainfall across Afri ...
4.3 Approach to CLIMATE CHANGE Scenario Development
... Although it is likely that temperatures will rise in most regions of the world,2 changes at the regional scale in many other key variables, such as precipitation, are uncertain for most regions. Even if the direction of change is likely, there can be uncertainty about the magnitude and path of chang ...
... Although it is likely that temperatures will rise in most regions of the world,2 changes at the regional scale in many other key variables, such as precipitation, are uncertain for most regions. Even if the direction of change is likely, there can be uncertainty about the magnitude and path of chang ...
Executive Report
... railway industry about how climate and weather are projected to change in the future, the potential impact on the GB railway, what is already being done by the GB rail industry to respond and adapt, and what else can be done. Our analysis has been carried out on the basis that Britain's rail network ...
... railway industry about how climate and weather are projected to change in the future, the potential impact on the GB railway, what is already being done by the GB rail industry to respond and adapt, and what else can be done. Our analysis has been carried out on the basis that Britain's rail network ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).